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+.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
+
+.. _defining-acms-label:
+
+Defining Automation Compositions in TOSCA for CLAMP
+###################################################
+
+
+.. contents::
+    :depth: 4
+
+
+A Automation Composition Type is defined in a TOSCA service template. A TOSCA Service Template has
+two parts: a definition part in the service template itself, which contains the definitions
+of concepts that can be used to define the types of concepts that can appear on a Toplogy
+Template and a Topology Template that defines a topology. See the `Oasis Open TOSCA
+<https://docs.oasis-open.org/tosca/TOSCA-Simple-Profile-YAML/v1.3/>`_ web page
+for more details on TOSCA.
+
+Unsurprisingly, to define a Automation Composition Type in TOSCA, of Automation Composition related concepts
+that we can use in all automation compositions exist. They are described in Section 1. Section 2
+describes how properties are managed. Properties are the configuration parameters that are
+provided to Automation Compositions and the Automation Composition Elements they use. Section 3 describes how to
+define a Automation Composition using the predefined Automation Composition concepts.
+
+
+1 Standard TOSCA Service Template Concepts for Automation Compositions
+======================================================================
+
+These concepts are the base concepts available to users who write definitions for automation
+compositions in TOSCA. TOSCA automation composition definitions are written using these concepts.
+
+1.1 Fundamental TOSCA Concepts for Automation Compositions
+----------------------------------------------------------
+
+The following TOSCA concepts are the fundamental concepts in a TOSCA Service Template for
+defining automation compositions.
+
+.. image:: images/defining-acms/fundamental-concepts.png
+
+The TOSCA concepts above may be declared in the TOSCA Service Template of a automation composition.
+If the concepts already exist in the Design Time Catalogue or the Runtime Inventory, they
+may be omitted from a TOSCA service template that defines a automation composition type.
+
+The *start_phase* is a value indicating the start phase in which this automation composition element
+will be started, the first start phase is zero. Automation Composition Elements are started in their
+start_phase order and stopped in reverse start phase order. Automation Composition Elements with the
+same start phase are started and stopped simultaneously.
+
+The Yaml file that holds the Definition of `TOSCA fundamental Automation Composition Types is available in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/master/common/src/main/resources/tosca/AutomationCompositionTOSCAServiceTemplateTypes.yaml>`_
+and is the canonical definition of the Automation Composition concepts.
+
+1.2 TOSCA Concepts for Automation Composition Elements delivered by ONAP
+------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+TOSCA Standard Automation Composition Elements
+
+.. image:: images/defining-acms/standard-acme.png
+  :width: 600
+
+1.2.1 Policy Automation Composition Element
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The Policy Participant runs Policy Automation Composition Elements. Each Policy Automation Composition Element
+manages the deployment of the policy specified in the Policy Automation Composition Element definition.
+The Yaml file that holds the `Policy Automation Composition Element Type definition is available in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/master/common/src/main/resources/tosca/PolicyAutomationCompositionElementType.yaml>`_
+and is the canonical definition of the Policy Automation Composition Element type. For a description of
+the Policy Automation Composition Element and Policy Participant, please see `The CLAMP Policy Framework
+Participant <#>`_ page.
+
+1.2.2 HTTP Automation Composition Element
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The HTTP Participant runs HTTP Automation Composition Elements. Each HTTP Automation Composition Element manages
+REST communication towards a REST endpoint using the REST calls a user has specified in the
+configuration of the HTTP Automation Composition Element. The Yaml file that holds the
+`HTTP Automation Composition Element Type definition is available in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/master/common/src/main/resources/tosca/PolicyAutomationCompositionElementType.yaml>`_
+and is the canonical definition of the HTTP Automation Composition Element type. For a description of
+the HTTP Automation Composition Element and HTTP Participant, please see `The CLAMP HTTP Participant <#>`_ page.
+
+.. _kubernetes-acm-element:
+
+1.2.3 Kubernetes Automation Composition Element
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The Kubernetes Participant runs Kubernetes Automation Composition Elements. Each Kubernetes Automation Composition
+Element manages a Kubernetes microservice using Helm. The user defines the Helm chart for the
+Kubernetes microservice as well as other properties that the microservice requires in order to
+execute. The Yaml file that holds the
+`Kubernetes Automation Composition Element Type defintion is available in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/master/common/src/main/resources/tosca/KubernetesAutomationCompositionElementType.yaml>`_
+and is the canonical definition of the Kubernetes Automation Composition Element type. For a description
+of the Kubernetes Automation Composition Element and Kubernetes Participant,please see
+`The CLAMP Kubernetes Participant <#>`_ page.
+
+
+2 Common and Instance Specific Properties
+=========================================
+
+Properties are used to define the configuration for Automation Compositions and Automation Composition Elements.
+At design time, the types, constraints, and descriptions of the properties are specified.
+The values for properties are specified in the CLAMP GUI at runtime. TOSCA provides support
+for defining properties, see `Section 3.6.10: TOSCA Property Definition
+<https://docs.oasis-open.org/tosca/TOSCA-Simple-Profile-YAML/v1.3/os/TOSCA-Simple-Profile-YAML-v1.3-os.html#DEFN_ELEMENT_PROPERTY_DEFN>`_
+in the TOSCA documentation.
+
+2.1 Terminology for Properties
+------------------------------
+
+**Property:** Metadata defined in TOSCA that is associated with a Automation Composition, a Automation
+Composition Element, or a Participant.
+
+**TOSCA Property Type:** The TOSCA definition of the type of a property. A property can have
+a generic type such as string or integer or can have a user defined TOSCA data type.
+
+**TOSCA Property Value:** The value of a Property Type. Property values are assigned at run
+time in CLAMP.
+
+**Common Property Type:** Property Types that apply to all instances of a Automation Composition Type.
+
+**Common Property Value:** The value of a Property Type. It is assigned at run time once for
+all instances of a Automation Composition Type.
+
+**Instance Specific Property Type:** Property Types that apply to an individual instance of
+a Automation Composition Type.
+
+**Instance Specific Property Value:** The value of a Property Type that applies to an
+individual instance of a Automation Composition Type. The value is assigned at run time for each
+automation composition instance.
+
+Automation Composition Properties can be *common* or *instance specific*. See Section 2 of
+:ref:`TOSCA Defined Automation Compositions: Architecture and Design <acm-capabilities>`
+for a detailed description of the usage of common and instance specific properties.
+
+2.2 Common Properties
+---------------------
+
+Common properties apply to all instances of a automation composition. Common properties are identified
+by a special metadata flag in Automation Composition and Automation Composition Element definitions. For example,
+the startPhase parameter on any Automation Composition Element has the same value for any instance of
+that automation composition element, so it is defined as shown below in the
+`Definition of TOSCA fundamental Automation Composition Types
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/master/common/src/main/resources/tosca/AutomationCompositionTOSCAServiceTemplateTypes.yaml>`_
+yaml file.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    startPhase:
+      type: integer
+      required: false
+      constraints:
+      - greater-or-equal: 0
+      description: A value indicating the start phase in which this automation composition element will be started, the
+                  first start phase is zero. Automation Composition Elements are started in their start_phase order and stopped
+                  in reverse start phase order. Automation Composition Elements with the same start phase are started and
+                  stopped simultaneously
+      metadata:
+        common: true
+
+The "common: true" value in the metadata of the startPhase property identifies that property
+as being a common property. This property will be set on the CLAMP GUI during automation composition
+commissioning.
+
+2.3 Instance Specific Properties
+--------------------------------
+
+Instance Specific  properties apply to individual instances of a Automation Composition and/or Automation
+Composition Element and must be set individually for Automation Composition and Automation Composition Element instance.
+Properties are instance specific by default, but can be identified by a special metadata flag
+in Automation Composition and Automation Composition Element definitions. For example, the chart parameter on a
+Kubernetes Automation Composition Element has a different value for every instance of a Kubernetes Automation
+Composition Element, so it can be defined as shown below in the :ref:`Kubernetes Automation Composition Type definition
+<kubernetes-acm-element>` yaml file.
+
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Definition that omits the common flag metadata
+    chart:
+      type: org.onap.datatypes.policy.clamp.acm.kubernetesAutomationCompositionElement.Chart
+      typeVersion: 1.0.0
+      description: The helm chart for the microservice
+      required: true
+
+    # Definition that specifies the common flag metadata
+    chart:
+      type: org.onap.datatypes.policy.clamp.acm.kubernetesAutomationCompositionElement.Chart
+      typeVersion: 1.0.0
+      description: The helm chart for the microservice
+      required: true
+      metadata:
+        common: false
+
+The "common: false" value in the metadata of the chart property identifies that property as
+being an instance specific property. This property will be set on the CLAMP GUI during automation
+composition instantiation.
+
+
+3 Writing a Automation Composition Type Definition
+==================================================
+
+The TOSCA definition of a automation composition contains a TOSCA Node Template for the automation composition
+itself, which contains TOSCA Node Templates for each Automation Composition Element that makes up the
+Automation Composition.
+
+.. image:: images/defining-acms/acm-node-template.png
+  :width: 600
+
+To create a automation composition, a user creates a TOSCA Topology Template. In the Topology Template,
+the user creates a TOSCA Node Template for each Automation Composition Element that will be in the
+Automation Composition Definition. Finally, the user creates the Node Template that defines the Automation
+Composition itself, and references the Automation Composition Element definitions that make up the Automation Composition
+Definition.
+
+3.1 The Gentle Guidance Automation Composition
+----------------------------------------------
+
+The best way to explain how to create a Automation Composition Definition is by example.
+
+.. image:: images/defining-acms/gentle-guidance-acm.png
+
+The example Gentle Guidance automation composition is illustrated in the diagram above. The domain logic for the automation composition is
+implemented in a microservice running in Kubernetes, a policy, and some configuration that is passed to the microservice
+over a REST endpoint. We want to manage the life cycle of the domain logic for our Gentle Guidance automation composition using
+our TOSCA based Automation Composition Life Cycle Management approach. To do this we create four Automation Composition Element definitions,
+one for the Kubernetes microservice, one for the policy and one or the REST configuration.
+
+3.2 The TOSCA Automation Composition Definition
+-----------------------------------------------
+
+We use a TOSCA Topology Template to specify a Automation Composition definition and the definitions of
+its Automation Composition Elements. Optionally, we can specify default parameter values in the TOSCA
+Topology Template. The actual values of Automation Composition common and instance specific parameters
+are set at run time in the CLAMP GUI.
+
+In the case of the Gentle Guidance automation composition, we define a Automation Composition Element Node Template
+for each part of the domain logic we are managing. We then define the Automation Composition Node Template
+for the automation composition itself.
+
+Please refer to the `No Properties yaml file in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/cbd4d5dbe88928d5765e9749987f6b93f2b347e9/examples/src/main/resources/clamp/acm/gentleguidance/GentleGuidanceNoProperties.yaml>`_
+for the definitive Yaml specification for the TOSCA Topology Template for the Gentle Guidance
+domain when no parameters are defined.
+
+Please refer to the `Default Properties yaml file in Github
+<https://github.com/onap/policy-clamp/blob/cbd4d5dbe88928d5765e9749987f6b93f2b347e9/examples/src/main/resources/clamp/acm/gentleguidance/GentleGuidanceDefaultProperties.yaml>`_
+for the definitive Yaml specification for the TOSCA Topology Template for the Gentle Guidance
+domain when the default values of parameters are defined.
+
+
+4 Creating Custom Automation Composition Elements
+=================================================
+
+Any organization can include their own component in the framework and use the framework and have
+the Policy Framework CLAMP manage the lifecycle of domain logic in their component as part of a
+Automation Composition. To do this, a participant for the component must be developed that allows Automation
+Composition Elements for that component to be run. To develop a participant, the participant must comply
+with the `CLAMP Participants <#>`_
+framework and in particular comply with `The CLAMP Automation Composition Participant Protocol <#>`_.
+The organization must also specify a new Automation Composition Element type definition in TOSCA similar to
+those supplied in ONAP and described in Section 1.2. This Automation Composition Element type tells the
+CLAMP Automation Composition Lifecycle management that the Automation Composition Element exists and can be included
+in automation compositions. It also specifies the properties that can be specified for the Automation Composition Element.
+
+An organization can supply the code for the Participant (for example as a Java jar file) and a
+TOSCA artifact with the Automation Composition Element definition and it can be added to the platform. In
+future releases, support will be provided to include participants and their Automation Composition Element
+definitions as packaged plugins that can be installed on the platform.
+
+End of document