Add feature-server-pool to the ONAP drools-pdp repository.

Issue-ID: POLICY-2351
Change-Id: I8ddde547a73a51c04c8dd9f1d66232e8281599a9
Signed-off-by: Straubs, Ralph (rs8887) <rs8887@att.com>

40 files changed, 15010 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/feature-server-pool/lombok.config b/feature-server-pool/lombok.config
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c8811fdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/lombok.config
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+config.stopBubbling = true

+lombok.addLombokGeneratedAnnotation = true

+lombok.nonNull.exceptionType = IllegalArgumentException
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/pom.xml b/feature-server-pool/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..177f88ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+<!--
+  ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+  feature-server-pool
+  ================================================================================
+  Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+  ================================================================================
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+  ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+  -->
+
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+  <parent>
+    <groupId>org.onap.policy.drools-pdp</groupId>
+    <artifactId>drools-pdp</artifactId>
+    <version>1.6.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  </parent>
+
+  <artifactId>feature-server-pool</artifactId>
+
+  <name>feature-server-pool</name>
+  <description>Allows multiple DroolsPDP hosts to be active at once</description>
+
+  <build>
+    <plugins>
+      <plugin>
+        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>zipfile</id>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>single</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <phase>package</phase>
+            <configuration>
+              <attach>true</attach>
+              <finalName>${project.artifactId}-${project.version}</finalName>
+              <descriptors>
+                <descriptor>src/assembly/assemble_zip.xml</descriptor>
+              </descriptors>
+              <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+      <plugin>
+        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
+        <version>3.1.1</version>
+        <executions>
+          <execution>
+            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
+            <goals>
+              <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
+            </goals>
+            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
+            <configuration>
+              <transitive>false</transitive>
+              <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/assembly/lib</outputDirectory>
+              <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
+              <overWriteSnapshots>true</overWriteSnapshots>
+              <overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
+              <useRepositoryLayout>false</useRepositoryLayout>
+              <addParentPoms>false</addParentPoms>
+              <copyPom>false</copyPom>
+              <includeScope>runtime</includeScope>
+              <excludeTransitive>true</excludeTransitive>
+            </configuration>
+          </execution>
+        </executions>
+      </plugin>
+    </plugins>
+  </build>
+
+  <dependencies>
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.onap.policy.drools-pdp</groupId>
+      <artifactId>policy-core</artifactId>
+      <version>${project.version}</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.onap.policy.common</groupId>
+      <artifactId>policy-endpoints</artifactId>
+      <version>${policy.common.version}</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.onap.policy.common</groupId>
+      <artifactId>utils</artifactId>
+      <version>${policy.common.version}</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.onap.policy.drools-pdp</groupId>
+      <artifactId>policy-management</artifactId>
+      <version>${project.version}</version>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>com.att.nsa</groupId>
+      <artifactId>cambriaClient</artifactId>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.onap.policy.drools-pdp</groupId>
+      <artifactId>api-server-pool-state-control</artifactId>
+      <version>${project.version}</version>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.core</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jersey-common</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.glassfish.jersey.media</groupId>
+      <artifactId>jersey-media-json-jackson</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+      <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
+      <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito2</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
+      <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
+      <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+      <groupId>junit</groupId>
+      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+      <scope>provided</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+        <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+        <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+        <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+
+    <dependency>
+       <groupId>org.awaitility</groupId>
+       <artifactId>awaitility</artifactId>
+       <scope>test</scope>
+    </dependency>
+  </dependencies>
+
+</project>
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/assembly/assemble_zip.xml b/feature-server-pool/src/assembly/assemble_zip.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e735a8d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/assembly/assemble_zip.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+<!--
+  ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+  feature-server-pool
+  ================================================================================
+  Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+  ================================================================================
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+  ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+  -->
+
+<!-- Defines how we build the .zip file which is our distribution. -->
+
+<assembly
+  xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0"
+  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.0.xsd">
+  <id>feature-server-pool-package</id>
+  <formats>
+    <format>zip</format>
+  </formats>
+
+  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
+
+  <fileSets>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>target</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>lib/feature</outputDirectory>
+      <includes>
+        <include>feature-server-pool-${project.version}.jar</include>
+      </includes>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>target/assembly/lib</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>lib/dependencies</outputDirectory>
+      <includes>
+        <include>*.jar</include>
+      </includes>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>src/main/feature/config</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>config</outputDirectory>
+      <fileMode>0644</fileMode>
+      <excludes/>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>src/main/feature/bin</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>bin</outputDirectory>
+      <fileMode>0744</fileMode>
+      <excludes/>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>src/main/feature/db</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>db</outputDirectory>
+      <fileMode>0744</fileMode>
+      <excludes/>
+    </fileSet>
+    <fileSet>
+      <directory>src/main/feature/install</directory>
+      <outputDirectory>install</outputDirectory>
+      <fileMode>0744</fileMode>
+      <excludes/>
+    </fileSet>
+  </fileSets>
+
+</assembly>
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/feature/config/feature-server-pool.properties b/feature-server-pool/src/main/feature/config/feature-server-pool.properties
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7be2167f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/feature/config/feature-server-pool.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+###
+# ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+# feature-server-pool
+# ================================================================================
+# Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+# ================================================================================
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+# ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+###
+
+# The following properties control the IP address and port that a given
+# server binds to. The default will bind to all interfaces on the host,
+# and choose a port number at random.
+
+server.pool.server.ipAddress=0.0.0.0
+server.pool.server.port=${envd:SERVER_POOL_PORT}
+
+# The following properties determine whether HTTPS is used -- note that HTTPS
+# also requires that the 'java.net.ssl.*' parameters in 'system.properties' be
+# specified, and the key store and trust store be configured, as appropriate.
+server.pool.server.https=${envd:SERVER_POOL_HTTPS}
+server.pool.server.selfSignedCerts=false
+
+# The IP address and port that servers on the geo-redundant site
+# should use to connect to servers on this site.
+server.pool.server.site.ip=${envd:SERVER_POOL_SITE_IP}
+server.pool.server.site.port=${envd:SERVER_POOL_SITE_PORT}
+
+# A comma-separated list of host names -- if an entry is found that refers
+# to an HTTP/HTTPS destination IP address, the host name will used as the
+# destination, instead of the IP address
+server.pool.server.hostlist=${envd:SERVER_POOL_HOST_LIST}
+
+# The servers send 'pings' to each other once per main loop cycle. They
+# also measure the gap between 'pings' from each server, and calculate
+# an allowed time gap based upon this. 'server.pool.server.allowedGap' is the initial
+# allowed gap prior to receiving any pings (default=30 seconds), and
+# 'server.pool.server.adaptiveGapAdjust' is a value that is added to the calculated
+# gap "just in case" (default=5 seconds)
+
+server.pool.server.allowedGap=30000
+server.pool.server.adaptiveGapAdjust=5000
+
+# 'connectTimeout' and 'readTimeout' affect the client end of a REST
+# connection (default=10 seconds each)
+
+server.pool.server.connectTimeout=10000
+server.pool.server.readTimeout=10000
+
+# Each server has a thread pool per remote server, which is used when
+# sending HTTP REST messages -- the following parameters determine the
+# configuration.
+
+server.pool.server.threads.corePoolSize=5
+server.pool.server.threads.maximumPoolSize=10
+server.pool.server.threads.keepAliveTime=5000
+
+# The server pool members use a UEB/DMAAP topic to connect with other
+# servers in the pool. The following set of parameters are passed to
+# the CambriaClient library, and are used in setting up the consumer and
+# publisher ends of the connection. 'discovery.servers' and 'discovery.topic'
+# are the minimum values that need to be specified. The last parameter in
+# this set, 'discovery.publisherLoopCycleTime' isn't passed to the
+# CambriaClient library; instead, it controls how frequently the 'ping'
+# messages are sent out on this channel. Note that only the lead server
+# keeps this channel open long-term.
+
+server.pool.discovery.servers=${envd:SERVER_POOL_DISCOVERY_SERVERS}
+server.pool.discovery.topic=${envd:SERVER_POOL_DISCOVERY_TOPIC}
+server.pool.discovery.username=${envd:SERVER_POOL_DISCOVERY_USERNAME}
+server.pool.discovery.password=${envd:SERVER_POOL_DISCOVERY_PASSWORD}
+server.pool.discovery.https=${envd:DMAAP_USE_HTTPS}
+server.pool.discovery.apiKey=
+server.pool.discovery.apiSecret=
+#server.pool.discovery.publisherSocketTimeout=5000
+#server.pool.discovery.consumerSocketTimeout=70000
+server.pool.discovery.fetchTimeout=60000
+server.pool.discovery.fetchLimit=100
+server.pool.discovery.selfSignedCertificates=false
+server.pool.discovery.publisherLoopCycleTime=5000
+
+# The 'leader.*' parameters affect behavior during an election. The value of
+# 'mainLoop.cycle' determines the actual time delay. 'leader.stableIdCycles'
+# is the required minimum number of "stable" cycles before voting can start
+# (in this case, "stable" means no servers added or failing). Once voting has
+# started, "leader.stableVotingCycles' is the minimum number of "stable"
+# cycles needed before declaring a winner (in this case, "stable" means no
+# votes changing).
+
+server.pool.leader.stableIdleCycles=5
+server.pool.leader.stableVotingCycles=5
+
+# The value of 'mainLoop.cycle' (default = 1 second) determines how frequently
+# various events occur, such as the sending of 'ping' messages, and the
+# duration of a "cycle" while voting for a lead server.
+
+server.pool.mainLoop.cycle=1000
+
+# 'keyword.path' is used when looking for "keywords" within JSON messages.
+# The first keyword located is hashed to determine which bucket to route
+# through.
+
+keyword.path=requestID,CommonHeader.RequestID,body.output.common-header.request-id,result-info.request-id:uuid
+# 'keyword.<CLASS-NAME>.lookup' is used to locate "keywords" within objects.
+# The 'value' field contains a list of method calls or field names separated
+# by '.' that are used to locate the keyword
+# (e.g. 'method1().field2.method3()')
+
+keyword.org.onap.policy.m2.base.Transaction.lookup=getRequestID()
+keyword.org.onap.policy.controlloop.ControlLoopEvent.lookup=requestID
+keyword.org.onap.policy.appclcm.LcmRequestWrapper.lookup=getBody().getCommonHeader().getRequestId()
+keyword.org.onap.policy.appclcm.LcmResponseWrapper.lookup=getBody().getCommonHeader().getRequestId()
+keyword.org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.TargetLock.lookup=getOwnerKey()
+
+# The following properties affect distributed 'TargetLock' behavior.
+#
+#   server.pool.lock.ttl - controls how many hops a 'TargetLock' message can take
+#   server.pool.lock.audit.period - how frequently should the audit run?
+#   server.pool.lock.audit.gracePeriod - how long to wait after bucket reassignments
+#       before running the audit again
+#   server.pool.lock.audit.retryDelay - mismatches can occur due to the transient nature
+#       of the lock state: this property controls how long to wait before
+#       trying again
+
+server.pool.lock.ttl=3
+server.pool.lock.audit.period=300000
+server.pool.lock.audit.gracePeriod=60000
+server.pool.lock.audit.retryDelay=5000
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Bucket.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Bucket.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2236506e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Bucket.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2495 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.MessageDigest;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.Random;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.WebTarget;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.Setter;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * The server pool uses an algorithmic way to map things like transactions
+ * (identified by a 'requestID') and locks (identified by a string key)
+ * into a server handling that transaction or lock. It does this by mapping
+ * the string name into one of a set of predefined hash buckets, with each
+ * bucket being assigned to one of the active servers.
+ * In other words:
+ *  string key -> hash bucket (fixed mapping, known to all servers)
+ *  hash bucket -> server (assignments may change when servers go up or down,
+ *      but remains fairly static when the system is stable)
+ * With this approach, there is no global dynamic table that needs to be
+ * updated as transactions, or other objects come and go.
+ * Each instance of class 'Bucket' corresponds to one of the hash buckets,
+ * there are static methods that provide the overall abstraction, as well
+ * as some supporting classes.
+ */
+
+@Getter
+@Setter
+public class Bucket {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Bucket.class);
+
+    /*
+     * Listener class to handle state changes that may lead to
+     * reassignments of buckets
+     */
+    private static EventHandler eventHandler = new EventHandler();
+
+    // Used to hash keywords into buckets
+    private static MessageDigest messageDigest;
+
+    static {
+        // register Listener class
+        Events.register(eventHandler);
+
+        // create MD5 MessageDigest -- used to hash keywords
+        try {
+            messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
+        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+            throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Values extracted from properties
+     */
+
+    private static String timeToLive;
+    private static long confirmedTimeout;
+    private static long unconfirmedTimeout;
+    private static long unconfirmedGracePeriod;
+
+    /*
+     * Tags for encoding of bucket data
+     */
+    private static final int END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG = 0;
+    private static final int OWNER_UPDATE = 1;
+    private static final int OWNER_NULL = 2;
+    private static final int PRIMARY_BACKUP_UPDATE = 3;
+    private static final int PRIMARY_BACKUP_NULL = 4;
+    private static final int SECONDARY_BACKUP_UPDATE = 5;
+    private static final int SECONDARY_BACKUP_NULL = 6;
+
+    // This is the table itself -- the current size is fixed at 1024 buckets
+    public static final int BUCKETCOUNT = 1024;
+    private static Bucket[] indexToBucket = new Bucket[BUCKETCOUNT];
+
+    static {
+        // create hash bucket entries, but there are no assignments yet
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < indexToBucket.length ; i += 1) {
+            Bucket bucket = new Bucket(i);
+            indexToBucket[i] = bucket;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // this is a list of all objects registered for the 'Backup' interface
+    private static List<Backup> backupList = new LinkedList<>();
+
+    // 'rebalance' is a non-null value when rebalancing is in progress
+    private static Object rebalanceLock = new Object();
+    private static Rebalance rebalance = null;
+
+    // bucket number
+    private volatile int index;
+
+    // owner of the bucket -- this is the host where messages should be directed
+    private volatile Server owner = null;
+
+    // this host will take over as the owner if the current owner goes down,
+    // and may also contain backup data to support persistence
+    private volatile Server primaryBackup = null;
+
+    // this is a secondary backup host, which can be used if both owner and
+    // primary backup go out in quick succession
+    private volatile Server secondaryBackup = null;
+
+    // when we are in a transient state, certain events are forwarded to
+    // this object
+    private volatile State state = null;
+
+    // storage for additional data
+    private Map<Class<?>, Object> adjuncts = new HashMap<Class<?>, Object>();
+
+    // BACKUP data (only buckets for where we are the owner, or a backup)
+
+    // TBD: need fields for outgoing queues for application message transfers
+
+    /**
+     * This method triggers registration of 'eventHandler', and also extracts
+     * property values.
+     */
+    static void startup() {
+        int intTimeToLive =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE, DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE);
+        timeToLive = String.valueOf(intTimeToLive);
+        confirmedTimeout =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT, DEFAULT_BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT);
+        unconfirmedTimeout =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT,
+                        DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT);
+        unconfirmedGracePeriod =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD,
+                        DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor -- called when building the 'indexToBucket' table.
+     *
+     * @param index the bucket number
+     */
+    private Bucket(int index) {
+        this.index = index;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method converts a String keyword into the corresponding bucket
+     * number.
+     *
+     * @param value the keyword to be converted
+     * @return the bucket number
+     */
+    public static int bucketNumber(String value) {
+        /*
+         * It would be possible to create a new 'MessageDigest' instance each
+         * It would be possible to create a new 'MessageDigest' instance each
+         * time this method is called, and avoid the need for synchronization.
+         * However, past experience has taught me that this might involve a
+         * considerable amount of computation, due to internal table
+         * initialization, so it shouldn't be done this way for performance
+         * reasons.
+         * If we start running into blocking issues because there are too many
+         * simultaneous calls to this method, we can initialize an array of these
+         * objects, and iterate over them using an AtomicInteger index.
+         */
+        synchronized (messageDigest) {
+            /*
+             * Note that we only need the first two bytes of this, even though
+             * 16 bytes are produced. There may be other operations that can be
+             * used to more efficiently map keyword -> hash bucket. The only
+             * issue is the same algorithm must be used on all servers, and it
+             * should produce a fairly even distribution across all of the buckets.
+             */
+            byte[] digest = messageDigest.digest(value.getBytes());
+            return ((Byte.toUnsignedInt(digest[0]) << 8)
+                    | Byte.toUnsignedInt(digest[1])) & 0x3ff;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch the server associated with a particular bucket number.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber a bucket number in the range 0-1023
+     * @return the Server that currently handles the bucket,
+     *     or 'null' if none is currently assigned
+     */
+    public static Server bucketToServer(int bucketNumber) {
+        Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[bucketNumber];
+        return bucket.getOwner();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch the bucket object associated with a particular bucket number.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber a bucket number in the range 0-1023
+     * @return the Bucket associated with this bucket number
+     */
+    public static Bucket getBucket(int bucketNumber) {
+        return indexToBucket[bucketNumber];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch the bucket object associated with a particular keyword.
+     *
+     * @param value the keyword to be converted
+     * @return the Bucket associated with this keyword
+     */
+    public static Bucket getBucket(String value) {
+        return indexToBucket[bucketNumber(value)];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine if the associated key is assigned to the current server.
+     *
+     * @param key the keyword to be hashed
+     * @return 'true' if the associated bucket is assigned to this server,
+     *     'false' if not
+     */
+    public static boolean isKeyOnThisServer(String key) {
+        int bucketNumber = bucketNumber(key);
+        Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[bucketNumber];
+        return bucket.getOwner() == Server.getThisServer();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called to start a 'rebalance' operation in a background
+     * thread, but it only does this on the lead server. Being balanced means
+     * the following:
+     * 1) Each server owns approximately the same number of buckets
+     * 2) If any server were to fail, and the designated primaries take over
+     *    for all of that server's buckets, all remaining servers would still
+     *    own approximately the same number of buckets.
+     * 3) If any two servers were to fail, and the designated primaries were
+     *    to take over for the failed server's buckets (secondaries would take
+     *    for buckets where the owner and primary are OOS), all remaining
+     *    servers would still own approximately the same number of buckets.
+     * 4) Each server should have approximately the same number of
+     *    (primary-backup + secondary-backup) buckets that it is responsible for.
+     * 5) The primary backup for each bucket must be on the same site as the
+     *    owner, and the secondary backup must be on a different site.
+     */
+    private static void rebalance() {
+        if (Leader.getLeader() == Server.getThisServer()) {
+            Rebalance rb = new Rebalance();
+            synchronized (rebalanceLock) {
+                // the most recent 'Rebalance' instance is the only valid one
+                rebalance = rb;
+            }
+
+            new Thread("BUCKET REBALANCER") {
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    /*
+                     * copy bucket and host data,
+                     * generating a temporary internal table.
+                     */
+                    rb.copyData();
+
+                    /*
+                     * allocate owners for all buckets without an owner,
+                     * and rebalance bucket owners, if necessary --
+                     * this takes card of item #1, above.
+                     */
+                    rb.allocateBuckets();
+
+                    /*
+                     * make sure that primary backups always have the same site
+                     * as the owner, and secondary backups always have a different
+                     * site -- this takes care of #5, above.
+                     */
+                    rb.checkSiteValues();
+
+                    /*
+                     * adjust primary backup lists to take care of item #2, above
+                     * (taking #5 into account).
+                     */
+                    rb.rebalancePrimaryBackups();
+
+                    /*
+                     * allocate secondary backups, and take care of items
+                     * #3 and #4, above (taking #5 into account).
+                     */
+                    rb.rebalanceSecondaryBackups();
+
+                    try {
+                        synchronized (rebalanceLock) {
+                            /*
+                             * if another 'Rebalance' instance has started in the
+                             * mean time, don't do the update.
+                             */
+                            if (rebalance == rb) {
+                                /*
+                                 * build a message containing all of the updated bucket
+                                 * information, process it internally in this host
+                                 * (lead server), and send it out to others in the
+                                 * "notify list".
+                                 */
+                                rb.generateBucketMessage();
+                                rebalance = null;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } catch (IOException e) {
+                        logger.error("Exception in Rebalance.generateBucketMessage",
+                                     e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /bucket/update REST message.
+     *
+     * @param data base64-encoded data, containing all bucket updates
+     */
+    static void updateBucket(byte[] data) {
+        final byte[] packet = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
+        Runnable task = () -> {
+            try {
+                /*
+                 * process the packet, handling any updates
+                 */
+                if (updateBucketInternal(packet)) {
+                    /*
+                     * updates have occurred -- forward this packet to
+                     * all servers in the "notify list"
+                     */
+                    logger.info("One or more bucket updates occurred");
+                    Entity<String> entity =
+                        Entity.entity(new String(data, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                                      MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                    for (Server server : Server.getNotifyList()) {
+                        server.post("bucket/update", entity);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in Bucket.updateBucket", e);
+            }
+        };
+        MainLoop.queueWork(task);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method supports the 'updateBucket' method, and runs entirely within
+     * the 'MainLoop' thread.
+     */
+    private static boolean updateBucketInternal(byte[] packet) throws IOException {
+        boolean changes = false;
+
+        ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(packet);
+        DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bis);
+
+        // the packet contains a sequence of bucket updates
+        while (dis.available() != 0) {
+            // first parameter = bucket number
+            int index = dis.readUnsignedShort();
+
+            // locate the corresponding 'Bucket' object
+            Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[index];
+
+            // indicates whether changes occurred to the bucket
+            boolean bucketChanges = false;
+
+            /*
+             * the remainder of the information for this bucket consists of
+             * a sequence of '<tag> [ <associated-data> ]' followed by the tag
+             * value 'END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG'.
+             */
+            int tag;
+            while ((tag = dis.readUnsignedByte()) != END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG) {
+                switch (tag) {
+                    case OWNER_UPDATE: {
+                        // <OWNER_UPDATE> <owner-uuid> -- owner UUID specified
+                        bucketChanges = updateBucketInternalOwnerUpdate(bucket, dis, index);
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case OWNER_NULL: {
+                        // <OWNER_NULL> -- owner UUID should be set to 'null'
+                        if (bucket.getOwner() != null) {
+                            logger.info("Bucket {} owner: {}->null",
+                                        index, bucket.getOwner());
+                            bucketChanges = true;
+                            synchronized (bucket) {
+                                bucket.setOwner(null);
+                                bucket.setState(null);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case PRIMARY_BACKUP_UPDATE: {
+                        // <PRIMARY_BACKUP_UPDATE> <primary-backup-uuid> --
+                        // primary backup UUID specified
+                        Server newPrimaryBackup =
+                            Server.getServer(Util.readUuid(dis));
+                        if (bucket.primaryBackup != newPrimaryBackup) {
+                            logger.info("Bucket {} primary backup: {}->{}", index,
+                                        bucket.primaryBackup, newPrimaryBackup);
+                            bucketChanges = true;
+                            bucket.primaryBackup = newPrimaryBackup;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case PRIMARY_BACKUP_NULL: {
+                        // <PRIMARY_BACKUP_NULL> --
+                        // primary backup should be set to 'null'
+                        if (bucket.primaryBackup != null) {
+                            logger.info("Bucket {} primary backup: {}->null",
+                                        index, bucket.primaryBackup);
+                            bucketChanges = true;
+                            bucket.primaryBackup = null;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case SECONDARY_BACKUP_UPDATE: {
+                        // <SECONDARY_BACKUP_UPDATE> <secondary-backup-uuid> --
+                        // secondary backup UUID specified
+                        Server newSecondaryBackup =
+                            Server.getServer(Util.readUuid(dis));
+                        if (bucket.secondaryBackup != newSecondaryBackup) {
+                            logger.info("Bucket {} secondary backup: {}->{}", index,
+                                        bucket.secondaryBackup, newSecondaryBackup);
+                            bucketChanges = true;
+                            bucket.secondaryBackup = newSecondaryBackup;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case SECONDARY_BACKUP_NULL: {
+                        // <SECONDARY_BACKUP_NULL> --
+                        // secondary backup should be set to 'null'
+                        if (bucket.secondaryBackup != null) {
+                            logger.info("Bucket {} secondary backup: {}->null",
+                                        index, bucket.secondaryBackup);
+                            bucketChanges = true;
+                            bucket.secondaryBackup = null;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    default:
+                        logger.error("Illegal tag: {}", tag);
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (bucketChanges) {
+                // give audit a chance to run
+                changes = true;
+                bucket.stateChanged();
+            }
+        }
+        return changes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update bucket owner information.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket in process
+     * @param dis data input stream contains the update
+     * @param index the bucket number
+     * @return a value indicate bucket changes
+     */
+    private static boolean updateBucketInternalOwnerUpdate(Bucket bucket, DataInputStream dis,
+            int index) throws IOException {
+        boolean bucketChanges = false;
+        Server newOwner = Server.getServer(Util.readUuid(dis));
+        if (bucket.getOwner() != newOwner) {
+            logger.info("Bucket {} owner: {}->{}",
+                        index, bucket.getOwner(), newOwner);
+            bucketChanges = true;
+
+            Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+            Server oldOwner = bucket.getOwner();
+            bucket.setOwner(newOwner);
+            if (thisServer == oldOwner) {
+                // the current server is the old owner
+                if (bucket.getState() == null) {
+                    bucket.state = bucket.new OldOwner(newOwner);
+                }
+            } else if (thisServer == newOwner) {
+                // the current server the new owner
+                if (bucket.getState() == null) {
+                    bucket.state = bucket.new NewOwner(true, oldOwner);
+                } else {
+                    // new owner has been confirmed
+                    // orig bucket.state.newOwner();
+                    bucket.state.newOwner();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return bucketChanges;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Forward a message to the specified bucket number. If the bucket is
+     * in a transient state (the value of 'state' is not 'null'), the handling
+     * is determined by that state.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber the bucket number determined by extracting the
+     *     keyword from 'message'
+     * @param message the message to be forwarded/processed
+     * @return a value of 'true' indicates the message has been "handled"
+     *     (forwarded or queued), and 'false' indicates it has not, and needs
+     *     to be handled locally.
+     */
+    public static boolean forward(int bucketNumber, Message message) {
+        Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[bucketNumber];
+        Server server;
+
+        synchronized (bucket) {
+            if (bucket.state != null) {
+                // we are in a transient state -- the handling is state-specific
+                return bucket.state.forward(message);
+            }
+            server = bucket.getOwner();
+        }
+
+        if (server == null || server == Server.getThisServer()) {
+            // this needs to be processed locally
+            return false;
+        } else {
+            // send message to remote server
+            message.sendToServer(server, bucketNumber);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is a convenience method, which forwards a message through the
+     * bucket associated with the specified keyword.
+     *
+     * @param keyword the keyword extracted from 'message'
+     *     keyword from 'message'
+     * @param message the message to be forwarded/processed
+     * @return a value of 'true' indicates the message has been "handled"
+     *     (forwarded or queued), and 'false' indicates it has not, and needs
+     *     to be handled locally.
+     */
+    public static boolean forward(String keyword, Message message) {
+        return forward(bucketNumber(keyword), message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Forward a message to the specified bucket number. If the bucket is
+     * in a transient state (the value of 'state' is not 'null'), the handling
+     * is determined by that state. This is a variant of the 'forward' method,
+     * which handles local processing, instead of just returning 'false'.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber the bucket number determined by extracting the
+     *     keyword from 'message'
+     * @param message the message to be forwarded/processed
+     */
+    public static void forwardAndProcess(int bucketNumber, Message message) {
+        if (!forward(bucketNumber, message)) {
+            message.process();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Forward a message to the specified bucket number. If the bucket is
+     * in a transient state (the value of 'state' is not 'null'), the handling
+     * is determined by that state. This is a variant of the 'forward' method,
+     * which handles local processing, instead of just returning 'false'.
+     *
+     * @param keyword the keyword extracted from 'message'
+     *     keyword from 'message'
+     * @param message the message to be forwarded/processed
+     */
+    public static void forwardAndProcess(String keyword, Message message) {
+        forwardAndProcess(bucketNumber(keyword), message);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /cmd/dumpBuckets REST message.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     */
+    public static void dumpBuckets(final PrintStream out) {
+        /*
+         * we aren't really doing a 'Rebalance' here, but the 'copyData' method
+         * is useful for extracting the data, and determining the buckets
+         * associated with each server.
+         */
+        Rebalance rb = new Rebalance();
+        rb.copyData();
+
+        /*
+         * this method is not accessing anything in the 'Server' or 'Bucket'
+         * table, so it doesn't need to run within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+         */
+        rb.dumpBucketsInternal(out);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /cmd/bucketMessage REST message -- this is only
+     * used for testing the routing of messages between servers.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     * @param keyword the keyword that is hashed to select the bucket number
+     * @param message the message to send to the remote end
+     * @throws IOException when error occurred
+     */
+    public static void bucketMessage(
+        final PrintStream out, final String keyword, String message) throws IOException {
+
+        if (keyword == null) {
+            out.println("'keyword' is mandatory");
+            return;
+        }
+        if (message == null) {
+            message = "Message generated at " + new Date();
+        }
+        final int bucketNumber = bucketNumber(keyword);
+        Server server = bucketToServer(bucketNumber);
+
+        if (server == null) {
+            /*
+             * selected bucket has no server assigned -- this should only be a
+             * transient situation, until 'rebalance' is run.
+             */
+            out.println("Bucket is " + bucketNumber + ", which has no owner");
+        } else if (server == Server.getThisServer()) {
+            /*
+             * the selected bucket is associated with this particular server --
+             * no forwarding is needed.
+             */
+            out.println("Bucket is " + bucketNumber
+                        + ", which is owned by this server: " + server.getUuid());
+        } else {
+            /*
+             * the selected bucket is assigned to a different server -- forward
+             * the message.
+             */
+            out.println("Bucket is " + bucketNumber + ": sending from\n"
+                        + "    " + Server.getThisServer().getUuid() + " to \n"
+                        + "    " + server.getUuid());
+
+            // do a POST call of /bucket/bucketResponse to the remoote server
+            Entity<String> entity =
+                Entity.entity(new String(message.getBytes(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                        MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN);
+
+            /*
+             * the POST itself runs in a server-specific thread, and
+             * 'responseQueue' is used to pass back the response.
+             */
+            final LinkedTransferQueue<Response> responseQueue =
+                new LinkedTransferQueue<>();
+
+            server.post("bucket/bucketResponse", entity, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                    // we need to include the 'bucket' and 'keyword' parameters
+                    // in the POST that we are sending out
+                    return webTarget
+                           .queryParam("bucket", bucketNumber)
+                           .queryParam("keyword", keyword);
+                }
+
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void response(Response response) {
+                    // this is the POST response --
+                    // pass it back to the calling thread
+                    responseQueue.put(response);
+                }
+            });
+
+            try {
+                // this is the calling thread -- wait for the POST response
+                Response response = responseQueue.poll(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+                if (response == null) {
+                    out.println("Timed out waiting for a response");
+                } else {
+                    out.println("Received response code " + response.getStatus());
+                    out.println("Entity = " + response.readEntity(String.class));
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                out.println(e);
+                throw new IOException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /bucket/bucketResponse REST message -- this runs on
+     * the destination host, and is the continuation of an operation triggered
+     * by the /cmd/bucketMessage REST message running on the originating host.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for passing back information
+     *     in a human-readable form
+     * @param bucket the bucket number, which should be owned by this host
+     *     if we are in sync with the sending host, and didn't get caught
+     *     in a transient state
+     * @param keyword the keyword selected on the originating end, which should
+     *     hash to 'bucket'
+     * @param message the message selected on the originating end
+     */
+    public static void bucketResponse(
+        final PrintStream out, int bucket, String keyword, byte[] message) {
+
+        Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+        Server server = bucketToServer(bucket);
+
+        if (server != thisServer) {
+            /*
+             * this isn't expected, and either indicates we are out-of-sync with
+             * pthe originating server, or this operation was triggered while in
+             * a transient state.
+             */
+            out.println("ERROR: " + thisServer.toString() + ": bucket " + bucket
+                        + "is owned by\n    " + server);
+        } else {
+            /*
+             * As expected, we are the owner of this bucket. Print out a message,
+             * which will be returned to the originating host, and displayed.
+             */
+            out.println(thisServer.toString() + ":\n"
+                        + "    bucket = " + bucket
+                        + "\n    keyword = " + keyword
+                        + "\n    message = " + new String(message));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /cmd/moveBucket REST message -- this is only
+     * used for testing bucket migration. It only works on the lead server.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     * @param bucketNumber the bucket number to be moved
+     * @param newHostUuid the UUID of the destination host (if 'null', a
+     *     destination host will be chosen at random)
+     */
+    public static void moveBucket(PrintStream out, int bucketNumber, String newHostUuid) {
+        Server leader = Leader.getLeader();
+        if (leader != Server.getThisServer()) {
+            out.println("This is not the lead server");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (bucketNumber < 0 || bucketNumber >= indexToBucket.length) {
+            out.println("Bucket number out of range");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Rebalance rb = new Rebalance();
+        rb.copyData();
+
+        TestBucket bucket = rb.buckets[bucketNumber];
+        TestServer oldHost = bucket.owner;
+
+        if (oldHost == rb.nullServer) {
+            out.println("Bucket " + bucketNumber + " is currently unassigned");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        TestServer newHost = null;
+
+        if (newHostUuid != null) {
+            // the UUID of a destination host has been specified
+            newHost = rb.testServers.get(UUID.fromString(newHostUuid));
+            if (newHost == null) {
+                out.println("Can't locate UUID " + newHostUuid);
+                return;
+            }
+        } else {
+            /*
+             * Choose a destination host at random, other than the current owner.
+             * Step a random count in the range of 1 to (n-1) relative to the
+             * current host.
+             */
+            UUID key = oldHost.uuid;
+            for (int count = new Random().nextInt(rb.testServers.size() - 1) ;
+                    count >= 0 ; count -= 1) {
+                key = rb.testServers.higherKey(key);
+                if (key == null) {
+                    // wrap to the beginning of the list
+                    key = rb.testServers.firstKey();
+                }
+            }
+            newHost = rb.testServers.get(key);
+        }
+        out.println("Moving bucket " + bucketNumber + " from "
+                    + oldHost + " to " + newHost);
+
+        /*
+         * update the owner, and ensure that the primary and secondary backup
+         * remain different from the owner.
+         */
+        bucket.setOwner(newHost);
+        if (newHost == bucket.primaryBackup) {
+            out.println("Moving primary back from " + newHost + " to " + oldHost);
+            bucket.setPrimaryBackup(oldHost);
+        } else if (newHost == bucket.secondaryBackup) {
+            out.println("Moving secondary back from " + newHost
+                        + " to " + oldHost);
+            bucket.setSecondaryBackup(oldHost);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            /*
+             * build a message containing all of the updated bucket
+             * information, process it internally in this host
+             * (lead server), and send it out to others in the
+             * "notify list".
+             */
+            rb.generateBucketMessage();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            logger.error("Exception in Rebalance.generateBucketMessage",
+                         e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called when an incoming /bucket/sessionData message is
+     * received from the old owner of the bucket, which presumably means that
+     * we are the new owner of the bucket.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber the bucket number
+     * @param dest the UUID of the intended destination
+     * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+     *     the message may take
+     * @param data serialized data associated with this bucket, encoded using
+     *     base64
+     */
+
+    static void sessionData(int bucketNumber, UUID dest, int ttl, byte[] data) {
+        logger.info("Bucket.sessionData: bucket={}, data length={}",
+                    bucketNumber, data.length);
+
+        if (dest != null && !dest.equals(Server.getThisServer().getUuid())) {
+            // the message needs to be forwarded to the intended destination
+            Server server;
+            WebTarget webTarget;
+
+            if ((ttl -= 1) > 0
+                    && (server = Server.getServer(dest)) != null
+                    && (webTarget = server.getWebTarget("bucket/sessionData")) != null) {
+                logger.info("Forwarding 'bucket/sessionData' to uuid {}",
+                            server.getUuid());
+                Entity<String> entity =
+                    Entity.entity(new String(data, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                                  MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                Response response =
+                    webTarget
+                    .queryParam("bucket", bucketNumber)
+                    .queryParam("dest", dest)
+                    .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                    .request().post(entity);
+                logger.info("/bucket/sessionData response code = {}",
+                            response.getStatus());
+            } else {
+                logger.error("Couldn't forward 'bucket/sessionData' to uuid {}, ttl={}",
+                             dest, ttl);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+
+        byte[] decodedData = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
+        Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[bucketNumber];
+
+        logger.info("Bucket.sessionData: decoded data length = {}",
+                    decodedData.length);
+
+        if (bucket.state == null) {
+            /*
+             * We received the serialized data prior to being notified
+             * that we are the owner -- this happens sometimes. Behave as
+             * though we are the new owner, but intidate it is unconfirmed.
+             */
+            logger.info("Bucket {} session data received unexpectedly",
+                        bucketNumber);
+            bucket.state = bucket.new NewOwner(false, bucket.getOwner());
+        }
+        bucket.state.bulkSerializedData(decodedData);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called whenever the bucket's state has changed in a
+     * way that it should be audited.
+     */
+    private synchronized void stateChanged() {
+        if (state != null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // the audit should be run
+        Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+        boolean isOwner = (thisServer == owner);
+        boolean isBackup = (!isOwner && (thisServer == primaryBackup
+                                         || thisServer == secondaryBackup));
+
+        // invoke 'TargetLock' directly
+        TargetLock.auditBucket(this, isOwner, isBackup);
+        for (ServerPoolApi feature : ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()) {
+            feature.auditBucket(this, isOwner, isBackup);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an adjunct of the specified class
+     * (it is created if it doesn't exist).
+     *
+     * @param clazz this is the class of the adjunct
+     * @return an adjunct of the specified class ('null' may be returned if
+     *     the 'newInstance' method is unable to create the adjunct)
+     */
+    public <T> T getAdjunct(Class<T> clazz) {
+        synchronized (adjuncts) {
+            // look up the adjunct in the table
+            Object adj = adjuncts.get(clazz);
+            if (adj == null) {
+                // lookup failed -- create one
+                try {
+                    // create the adjunct (may trigger an exception)
+                    adj = clazz.newInstance();
+
+                    // update the table
+                    adjuncts.put(clazz, adj);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("Can't create adjunct of {}", clazz, e);
+                }
+            }
+            return clazz.cast(adj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an adjunct of the specified class.
+     *
+     * @param clazz this is the class of the adjunct
+     * @return an adjunct of the specified class, if it exists,
+     *     and 'null' if it does not
+     */
+    public <T> T getAdjunctDontCreate(Class<T> clazz) {
+        synchronized (adjuncts) {
+            // look up the adjunct in the table
+            return clazz.cast(adjuncts.get(clazz));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Explicitly create an adjunct -- this is useful when the adjunct
+     * initialization requires that some parameters be passed.
+     *
+     * @param adj this is the adjunct to insert into the table
+     * @return the previous adjunct of this type ('null' if none)
+     */
+    public Object putAdjunct(Object adj) {
+        synchronized (adjuncts) {
+            Class clazz = adj.getClass();
+            return adjuncts.put(clazz, adj);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove an adjunct.
+     *
+     * @param clazz this is the class of adjuncts to remove
+     * @return the object, if found, and 'null' if not
+     */
+    public <T> T removeAdjunct(Class<T> clazz) {
+        synchronized (adjuncts) {
+            // remove the adjunct in the table
+            return clazz.cast(adjuncts.remove(clazz));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump out all buckets with adjuncts.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     */
+    public static void dumpAdjuncts(PrintStream out) {
+        boolean noneFound = true;
+        String format = "%6s %s\n";
+
+        for (Bucket bucket : indexToBucket) {
+            synchronized (bucket.adjuncts) {
+                if (bucket.adjuncts.size() != 0) {
+                    if (noneFound) {
+                        out.printf(format, "Bucket", "Adjunct Classes");
+                        out.printf(format, "------", "---------------");
+                        noneFound = false;
+                    }
+                    boolean first = true;
+                    for (Class<?> clazz : bucket.adjuncts.keySet()) {
+                        if (first) {
+                            out.printf(format, bucket.index, clazz.getName());
+                            first = false;
+                        } else {
+                            out.printf(format, "", clazz.getName());
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * There is a single instance of this class (Bucket.eventHandler), which
+     * is registered to listen for notifications of state transitions. Note
+     * that all of these methods are running within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+     */
+    private static class EventHandler implements Events {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void serverFailed(Server server) {
+            // remove this server from any bucket where it is referenced
+
+            Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+            for (Bucket bucket : indexToBucket) {
+                synchronized (bucket) {
+                    boolean changes = false;
+                    if (bucket.getOwner() == server) {
+                        // the failed server owns this bucket --
+                        // move to the primary backup
+                        bucket.setOwner(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+                        bucket.primaryBackup = null;
+                        changes = true;
+
+                        if (bucket.getOwner() == null) {
+                            // bucket owner is still null -- presumably, we had no
+                            // primary backup, so use the secondary backup instead
+                            bucket.setOwner(bucket.getSecondaryBackup());
+                            bucket.setSecondaryBackup(null);
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if (bucket.getPrimaryBackup() == server) {
+                        // the failed server was a primary backup to this bucket --
+                        // mark the entry as 'null'
+                        bucket.setPrimaryBackup(null);
+                        changes = true;
+                    }
+                    if (bucket.getSecondaryBackup() == server) {
+                        // the failed server was a secondary backup to this bucket --
+                        // mark the entry as 'null'
+                        bucket.setSecondaryBackup(null);
+                        changes = true;
+                    }
+
+                    if (bucket.owner == thisServer && bucket.state == null) {
+                        // the current server is the new owner
+                        bucket.setState(bucket.new NewOwner(false, null));
+                        changes = true;
+                    }
+
+                    if (changes) {
+                        // may give audits a chance to run
+                        bucket.stateChanged();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // trigger a rebalance (only happens if we are the lead server)
+            rebalance();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void newLeader(Server server) {
+            // trigger a rebalance (only happens if we are the new lead server)
+            rebalance();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void leaderConfirmed(Server server) {
+            // trigger a rebalance (only happens if we are the lead server)
+            rebalance();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Instances of this class are created as part of the 'rebalance'
+     * operation on the lead server, or as part of a 'dumpBuckets' operation
+     * on any server.
+     * Each instance of this class corresponds to a 'Bucket' instance.
+     */
+    private static class TestBucket implements Comparable<TestBucket> {
+        // bucket number
+        int index;
+
+        // owner of the bucket
+        TestServer owner;
+
+        // primary backup for this bucket
+
+        TestServer primaryBackup;
+
+        // secondary backup for this bucket
+        TestServer secondaryBackup;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor -- initialize the 'TestBucket' instance.
+         *
+         * @param index the bucket number
+         */
+        TestBucket(int index) {
+            this.index = index;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Update the owner of a bucket, which also involves updating the
+         * backward links in the 'TestServer' instances.
+         *
+         * @param newOwner the new owner of the bucket
+         */
+        void setOwner(TestServer newOwner) {
+            if (owner != newOwner) {
+                // the 'owner' field does need to be changed
+                if (owner != null) {
+                    // remove this bucket from the 'buckets' list of the old owner
+                    owner.buckets.remove(this);
+                }
+                if (newOwner != null) {
+                    // add this bucket to the 'buckets' list of the new owner
+                    newOwner.buckets.add(this);
+                }
+                // update the 'owner' field in the bucket
+                owner = newOwner;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Update the primary backup of a bucket, which also involves updating
+         * the backward links in the 'TestServer' instances.
+         *
+         * @param newPrimaryBackup the new primary of the bucket
+         */
+        void setPrimaryBackup(TestServer newPrimaryBackup) {
+            if (primaryBackup != newPrimaryBackup) {
+                // the 'primaryBackup' field does need to be changed
+                if (primaryBackup != null) {
+                    // remove this bucket from the 'buckets' list of the
+                    // old primary backup
+                    primaryBackup.primaryBackupBuckets.remove(this);
+                }
+                if (newPrimaryBackup != null) {
+                    // add this bucket to the 'buckets' list of the
+                    // new primary backup
+                    newPrimaryBackup.primaryBackupBuckets.add(this);
+                }
+                // update the 'primaryBackup' field in the bucket
+                primaryBackup = newPrimaryBackup;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Update the secondary backup of a bucket, which also involves updating
+         * the backward links in the 'TestServer' instances.
+         *
+         * @param newSecondaryBackup the new secondary of the bucket
+         */
+        void setSecondaryBackup(TestServer newSecondaryBackup) {
+            if (secondaryBackup != newSecondaryBackup) {
+                // the 'secondaryBackup' field does need to be changed
+                if (secondaryBackup != null) {
+                    // remove this bucket from the 'buckets' list of the
+                    // old secondary backup
+                    secondaryBackup.secondaryBackupBuckets.remove(this);
+                }
+                if (newSecondaryBackup != null) {
+                    // add this bucket to the 'buckets' list of the
+                    // new secondary backup
+                    newSecondaryBackup.secondaryBackupBuckets.add(this);
+                }
+                // update the 'secondaryBackup' field in the bucket
+                secondaryBackup = newSecondaryBackup;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*==================================*/
+        /* Comparable<TestBucket> interface */
+        /*==================================*/
+
+        /**
+         * Compare two 'TestBucket' instances, for use in a 'TreeSet'.
+         *
+         * @param other the other 'TestBucket' instance to compare to
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(TestBucket other) {
+            return index - other.index;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a string representation of this 'TestBucket' instance.
+         *
+         * @return a string representation of this 'TestBucket' instance
+         */
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "TestBucket[" + index + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Instances of this class are created as part of the 'rebalance'
+     * operation on the lead server, or as part of a 'dumpBuckets' operation
+     * on any server.
+     * Each instance of this class corresponds to a 'Server' instance.
+     * Unlike the actual 'Server' instances, each 'TestServer' instance
+     * contains back links to all of the buckets it is associated with.
+     */
+    private static class TestServer {
+        // unique id for this server
+        // (matches the one in the corresponding 'Server' entry)
+        final UUID uuid;
+
+        // site socket information (matches 'Server' entry)
+        final InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress;
+
+        // the set of all 'TestBucket' instances,
+        // where this 'TestServer' is listed as 'owner'
+        final TreeSet<TestBucket> buckets = new TreeSet<>();
+
+        // the set of all 'TestBucket' instances,
+        // where this 'TestServer' is listed as 'primaryBackup'
+        final TreeSet<TestBucket> primaryBackupBuckets = new TreeSet<>();
+
+        // the set of all 'TestBucket' instances,
+        // where this 'TestServer' is listed as 'secondaryBackup'
+        final TreeSet<TestBucket> secondaryBackupBuckets = new TreeSet<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         *
+         * @param uuid uuid of this 'TestServer' instance
+         * @param siteSocketAddress matches the value in the corresponding 'Server'
+         */
+        TestServer(UUID uuid, InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress) {
+            this.uuid = uuid;
+            this.siteSocketAddress = siteSocketAddress;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a string representation of this 'TestServer' instance.
+         *
+         * @return a string representation of this 'TestServer' instance
+         */
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "TestServer[" + uuid + "]";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class supports the 'rebalance' operation. Each instance is a wrapper
+     * around a 'TestServer' instance, as it would be if another specific
+     * server failed.
+     */
+    private static class AdjustedTestServer
+        implements Comparable<AdjustedTestServer> {
+        TestServer server;
+
+        // simulated fail on this server
+        TestServer failedServer;
+
+        // expected bucket count if 'failedServer' fails
+        int bucketCount;
+
+        // total number of primary backup buckets used by this host
+        int primaryBackupBucketCount;
+
+        // total number of secondary backup buckets used by this host
+        int secondaryBackupBucketCount;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         *
+         * @param server the server this 'AdjustedTestServer' instance represents
+         * @param failedServer the server going through a simulated failure --
+         *     the 'bucketCount' value is adjusted based upon this
+         */
+        AdjustedTestServer(TestServer server, TestServer failedServer) {
+            this.server = server;
+            this.failedServer = failedServer;
+
+            this.bucketCount = server.buckets.size();
+            this.primaryBackupBucketCount = server.primaryBackupBuckets.size();
+            this.secondaryBackupBucketCount = server.secondaryBackupBuckets.size();
+
+            // need to adjust 'bucketCount' for the case where the current
+            // host fails
+            for (TestBucket bucket : server.primaryBackupBuckets) {
+                if (bucket.owner == failedServer) {
+                    bucketCount += 1;
+                    // TBD: should 'primaryBackupBucketCount' be decremented?
+                }
+            }
+
+            // need to adjust 'bucketCount' for the case where the current
+            // host fails
+            for (TestBucket bucket : server.secondaryBackupBuckets) {
+                if (bucket.owner == failedServer) {
+                    bucketCount += 1;
+                    // TBD: should 'secondaryBackupBucketCount' be decremented?
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /********************************************/
+        /* Comparable<AdjustedTestServer> interface */
+        /********************************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(AdjustedTestServer other) {
+            /*
+             * Comparison order:
+             * 1) minimal expected bucket count if current host fails
+             *    (differences of 1 are treated as a match)
+             * 2) minimal backup bucket count
+             * 3) UUID order
+             */
+            int rval = bucketCount - other.bucketCount;
+            if (rval <= 1 && rval >= -1) {
+                rval = (primaryBackupBucketCount + secondaryBackupBucketCount)
+                       - (other.primaryBackupBucketCount
+                          + other.secondaryBackupBucketCount);
+                if (rval == 0) {
+                    rval = -Util.uuidComparator.compare(server.uuid, other.server.uuid);
+                }
+            }
+            return rval;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is primarily used to do a 'Rebalance' operation on the
+     * lead server, which is then distributed to all of the other servers.
+     * Part of it is also useful for implementing the /cmd/dumpBuckets
+     * REST message handler.
+     */
+    private static class Rebalance {
+        // this table resembles the 'Bucket.indexToBucket' table
+        TestBucket[] buckets = new TestBucket[indexToBucket.length];
+
+        // this table resembles the 'Server.servers' table
+        TreeMap<UUID,TestServer> testServers = new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+        /* this is a special server instance, which is allocated any
+         * owned, primary, or secondary buckets that haven't been allocated to
+         * any of the real servers
+         */
+        TestServer nullServer = new TestServer(null, null);
+
+        /**
+         * Copy all of the bucket data in the 'buckets' table, and also return
+         * a copy of the 'Server.servers' table
+         */
+        void copyData() {
+            // will contain a copy of the 'Bucket' table
+            final Bucket[] bucketSnapshot = new Bucket[indexToBucket.length];
+
+            /*
+             * This method is running within the 'MainLoop' thread,
+             * and builds a copy of the 'Bucket' table, as well as the
+             * list of active servers -- these can then be examined
+             * in a different thread, without potentially distrupting
+             * the 'MainLoop' thread.
+             *
+             * @return 0 (the return value is not significant at present)
+             */
+            Callable<Integer> callable = () -> {
+                // copy the 'Bucket' table
+                for (int i = 0 ; i < indexToBucket.length; i += 1) {
+                    // makes a snapshot of the bucket information
+                    Bucket bucket = indexToBucket[i];
+
+                    Bucket tmpBucket = new Bucket(i);
+                    tmpBucket.setOwner(bucket.getOwner());
+                    tmpBucket.setPrimaryBackup(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+                    tmpBucket.setSecondaryBackup(bucket.getSecondaryBackup());
+                    bucketSnapshot[i] = tmpBucket;
+                }
+
+                /*
+                 * At this point, 'bucketSnapshot' and 'servers' should be
+                 * complete. The next step is to create a 'TestServer' entry
+                 * that matches each 'Server' entry.
+                 */
+                for (Server server : Server.getServers()) {
+                    UUID uuid = server.getUuid();
+                    testServers.put(uuid, new TestServer(uuid, server.getSiteSocketAddress()));
+                }
+
+                return 0;
+            };
+            FutureTask<Integer> ft = new FutureTask(callable);
+            MainLoop.queueWork(ft);
+            try {
+                ft.get(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+            } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException | TimeoutException e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in Rebalance.copyData", e);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            /*
+             * Now, create a 'TestBucket' table that mirrors the 'Bucket' table.
+             * Unlike the standard 'Bucket' and 'Server' tables, the 'TestServer'
+             * entries contain links referring back to the 'TestBucket' entries.
+             * This information is useful when rebalancing.
+             */
+            for (Bucket bucket : bucketSnapshot) {
+                int index = bucket.index;
+                TestBucket testBucket = new TestBucket(index);
+
+                // populate the 'owner' field
+                if (bucket.getOwner() != null) {
+                    testBucket.setOwner(testServers.get(bucket.getOwner().getUuid()));
+                } else {
+                    testBucket.setOwner(nullServer);
+                }
+
+                // populate the 'primaryBackup' field
+                if (bucket.primaryBackup != null) {
+                    testBucket.setPrimaryBackup(
+                        testServers.get(bucket.primaryBackup.getUuid()));
+                } else {
+                    testBucket.setPrimaryBackup(nullServer);
+                }
+
+                // populate the 'secondaryBackup' field
+                if (bucket.secondaryBackup != null) {
+                    testBucket.setSecondaryBackup(
+                        testServers.get(bucket.secondaryBackup.getUuid()));
+                } else {
+                    testBucket.setSecondaryBackup(nullServer);
+                }
+                buckets[index] = testBucket;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Allocate unowned 'TestBucket' entries across all of the 'TestServer'
+         * entries. When every 'TestBucket' has an owner, rebalance as needed,
+         * so the 'TestServer' entry with the most buckets has at most one more
+         * bucket than the 'TestServer' entry with the least.
+         */
+        void allocateBuckets() {
+            /*
+             * the following 'Comparator' is used to control the order of the
+             * 'needBuckets' TreeSet: those with the fewest buckets allocated are
+             * at the head of the list.
+             */
+            Comparator<TestServer> bucketCount = new Comparator<TestServer>() {
+                @Override
+                public int compare(TestServer s1, TestServer s2) {
+                    int rval = s1.buckets.size() - s2.buckets.size();
+                    if (rval == 0) {
+                        rval = Util.uuidComparator.compare(s1.uuid, s2.uuid);
+                    }
+                    return rval;
+                }
+            };
+
+            // sort servers according to the order in which they can
+            // take on ownership of buckets
+            TreeSet<TestServer> needBuckets = new TreeSet<>(bucketCount);
+            for (TestServer ts : testServers.values()) {
+                needBuckets.add(ts);
+            }
+
+            // go through all of the unowned buckets, and allocate them
+            for (TestBucket bucket : new LinkedList<TestBucket>(nullServer.buckets)) {
+                // take first entry off of sorted server list
+                TestServer ts = needBuckets.first();
+                needBuckets.remove(ts);
+
+                // add this bucket to the 'buckets' list
+                bucket.setOwner(ts);
+
+                // place it back in the list, possibly in a new position
+                // (it's attributes have changed)
+                needBuckets.add(ts);
+            }
+            nullServer.buckets.clear();
+
+            // there may still be rebalancing needed -- no host should contain
+            // 2 or more buckets more than any other host
+            for ( ; ; ) {
+                TestServer first = needBuckets.first();
+                TestServer last = needBuckets.last();
+
+                if (last.buckets.size() - first.buckets.size() <= 1) {
+                    // no more rebalancing needed
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // remove both from sorted list
+                needBuckets.remove(first);
+                needBuckets.remove(last);
+
+                // take one bucket from 'last', and assign it to 'first'
+                last.buckets.first().setOwner(first);
+
+                // place back in sorted list
+                needBuckets.add(first);
+                needBuckets.add(last);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Make sure that the primary backups have the same site as the owner,
+         * and the secondary backups have a different site.
+         */
+        void checkSiteValues() {
+            for (TestBucket bucket : buckets) {
+                if (bucket.owner != null) {
+                    InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress =
+                        bucket.owner.siteSocketAddress;
+                    TestServer primaryBackup = bucket.primaryBackup;
+                    TestServer secondaryBackup = bucket.secondaryBackup;
+
+                    validateSiteOwner(bucket, siteSocketAddress,
+                            primaryBackup, secondaryBackup);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Validate primary site owner and secondary site owner are valid.
+         * @param bucket TestBucket
+         * @param siteSocketAddress site socket address
+         * @param primaryBackup primary backups
+         * @param secondaryBackup secondary backups
+         */
+        private void validateSiteOwner(TestBucket bucket, InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress,
+                TestServer primaryBackup, TestServer secondaryBackup) {
+            if (primaryBackup != null
+                    && !Objects.equals(siteSocketAddress,
+                                       primaryBackup.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                /**
+                 * primary backup is from the wrong site -- see if we can
+                 *  use the secondary.
+                 */
+                if (secondaryBackup != null
+                            && Objects.equals(siteSocketAddress,
+                                              secondaryBackup.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                    // swap primary and secondary
+                    bucket.setPrimaryBackup(secondaryBackup);
+                    bucket.setSecondaryBackup(primaryBackup);
+                } else {
+                    // just invalidate primary backup
+                    bucket.setPrimaryBackup(null);
+                }
+            } else if (secondaryBackup != null
+                       && Objects.equals(siteSocketAddress,
+                                         secondaryBackup.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                // secondary backup is from the wrong site
+                bucket.setSecondaryBackup(null);
+                if (primaryBackup == null) {
+                    // we can use this as the primary
+                    bucket.setPrimaryBackup(secondaryBackup);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Allocate and rebalance the primary backups.
+         */
+        void rebalancePrimaryBackups() {
+            for (TestServer failedServer : testServers.values()) {
+                /*
+                 * to allocate primary backups for this server,
+                 * simulate a failure, and balance the backup hosts
+                 */
+
+                // get siteSocketAddress from server
+                InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress = failedServer.siteSocketAddress;
+
+                // populate a 'TreeSet' of 'AdjustedTestServer' instances based
+                // the failure of 'failedServer'
+                TreeSet<AdjustedTestServer> adjustedTestServers =
+                    new TreeSet<AdjustedTestServer>();
+                for (TestServer server : testServers.values()) {
+                    if (server == failedServer
+                            || !Objects.equals(siteSocketAddress,
+                                               server.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    adjustedTestServers.add(new AdjustedTestServer(server, failedServer));
+                }
+
+                if (adjustedTestServers.isEmpty()) {
+                    // this is presumably the only server -- there is no other server
+                    // to act as primary backup, and no rebalancing can occur
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // we need a backup host for each bucket
+                for (TestBucket bucket : failedServer.buckets) {
+                    if (bucket.primaryBackup == null
+                            || bucket.primaryBackup == nullServer) {
+                        // need a backup host for this bucket -- remove the first
+                        // entry from 'adjustedTestServers', which is most favored
+                        AdjustedTestServer backupHost = adjustedTestServers.first();
+                        adjustedTestServers.remove(backupHost);
+
+                        // update add this bucket to the list
+                        bucket.setPrimaryBackup(backupHost.server);
+
+                        // update counts in 'AdjustedTestServer'
+                        backupHost.bucketCount += 1;
+                        backupHost.primaryBackupBucketCount += 1;
+
+                        // place it back in the table, possibly in a new position
+                        // (it's attributes have changed)
+                        adjustedTestServers.add(backupHost);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // TBD: Is additional rebalancing needed?
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Allocate and rebalance the secondary backups.
+         */
+        void rebalanceSecondaryBackups() {
+            for (TestServer failedServer : testServers.values()) {
+                /*
+                 * to allocate secondary backups for this server,
+                 * simulate a failure, and balance the backup hosts
+                 */
+
+                // get siteSocketAddress from server
+                InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress = failedServer.siteSocketAddress;
+
+                // populate a 'TreeSet' of 'AdjustedTestServer' instances based
+                // the failure of 'failedServer'
+                TreeSet<AdjustedTestServer> adjustedTestServers =
+                    new TreeSet<AdjustedTestServer>();
+                for (TestServer server : testServers.values()) {
+                    if (server == failedServer
+                            || Objects.equals(siteSocketAddress,
+                                              server.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    adjustedTestServers.add(new AdjustedTestServer(server, failedServer));
+                }
+
+                if (adjustedTestServers.isEmpty()) {
+                    // this is presumably the only server -- there is no other server
+                    // to act as secondary backup, and no rebalancing can occur
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // we need a backup host for each bucket
+                for (TestBucket bucket : failedServer.buckets) {
+                    if (bucket.secondaryBackup == null
+                            || bucket.secondaryBackup == nullServer) {
+                        // need a backup host for this bucket -- remove the first
+                        // entry from 'adjustedTestServers', which is most favored
+                        AdjustedTestServer backupHost = adjustedTestServers.first();
+                        adjustedTestServers.remove(backupHost);
+
+                        // update add this bucket to the list
+                        bucket.setSecondaryBackup(backupHost.server);
+
+                        // update counts in 'AdjustedTestServer'
+                        backupHost.bucketCount += 1;
+                        backupHost.secondaryBackupBucketCount += 1;
+
+                        // place it back in the table, possibly in a new position
+                        // (it's attributes have changed)
+                        adjustedTestServers.add(backupHost);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // TBD: Is additional rebalancing needed?
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Generate a message with all of the bucket updates, process it locally,
+         * and send it to all servers in the "Notify List".
+         */
+        void generateBucketMessage() throws IOException {
+            ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+
+            // go through the entire 'buckets' table
+            for (int i = 0 ; i < buckets.length ; i += 1) {
+                // fetch the 'TestBucket' associated with index 'i'
+                TestBucket testBucket = buckets[i];
+
+                /*
+                 * Get the UUID of the owner, primary backup, and secondary backup
+                 * for this bucket. If the associated value does not exist, 'null'
+                 * is used.
+                 */
+                UUID newOwner = null;
+                UUID newPrimary = null;
+                UUID newSecondary = null;
+
+                if (testBucket.owner != nullServer && testBucket.owner != null) {
+                    newOwner = testBucket.owner.uuid;
+                }
+                if (testBucket.primaryBackup != nullServer
+                        && testBucket.primaryBackup != null) {
+                    newPrimary = testBucket.primaryBackup.uuid;
+                }
+                if (testBucket.secondaryBackup != nullServer
+                        && testBucket.secondaryBackup != null) {
+                    newSecondary = testBucket.secondaryBackup.uuid;
+                }
+
+                // write bucket number
+                dos.writeShort(i);
+
+                // 'owner' field
+                if (newOwner != null) {
+                    dos.writeByte(OWNER_UPDATE);
+                    Util.writeUuid(dos, newOwner);
+                } else {
+                    dos.writeByte(OWNER_NULL);
+                }
+
+                // 'primaryBackup' field
+                if (newPrimary != null) {
+                    dos.writeByte(PRIMARY_BACKUP_UPDATE);
+                    Util.writeUuid(dos, newPrimary);
+                } else {
+                    dos.writeByte(PRIMARY_BACKUP_NULL);
+                }
+
+                // 'secondaryBackup' field
+                if (newSecondary != null) {
+                    dos.writeByte(SECONDARY_BACKUP_UPDATE);
+                    Util.writeUuid(dos, newSecondary);
+                } else {
+                    dos.writeByte(SECONDARY_BACKUP_NULL);
+                }
+
+                dos.writeByte(END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG);
+            }
+
+            // get the unencoded 'packet'
+            final byte[] packet = bos.toByteArray();
+
+            // create an 'Entity' containing the encoded packet
+            final Entity<String> entity =
+                Entity.entity(new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(packet),
+                    StandardCharsets.UTF_8), MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+            /**
+             * This method is running within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+             */
+            Runnable task = () -> {
+                try {
+                    /*
+                     * update the buckets on this host,
+                     * which is presumably the lead server.
+                     */
+                    Bucket.updateBucketInternal(packet);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("Exception updating buckets", e);
+                }
+
+                // send a message to all servers on the notify list
+                for (Server server : Server.getNotifyList()) {
+                    server.post("bucket/update", entity);
+                }
+            };
+            MainLoop.queueWork(task);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Supports the '/cmd/dumpBuckets' REST message -- this isn't part of
+         * a 'rebalance' operation, but it turned out to be a convenient way
+         * to dump out the bucket table.
+         *
+         * @param out the output stream
+         */
+        private void dumpBucketsInternal(PrintStream out) {
+            // xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx *
+            // UUID                                 Type      Buckets
+            String format = "%-36s %-9s %5s %s\n";
+
+            int totalOwner = 0;
+            int totalPrimary = 0;
+            int totalSecondary = 0;
+
+            out.printf(format, "UUID", "Type", "Count", "Buckets");
+            out.printf(format, "----", "----", "-----", "-------");
+            for (TestServer ts : testServers.values()) {
+                // dump out 'owned' bucket information
+                if (ts.buckets.isEmpty()) {
+                    // no buckets owned by this server
+                    out.printf(format, ts.uuid, "Owned", 0, "");
+                } else {
+                    // dump out primary buckets information
+                    totalOwner +=
+                        dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, ts.buckets, ts.uuid.toString(), "Owned");
+                }
+                // optionally dump out primary buckets information
+                totalPrimary +=
+                    dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, ts.primaryBackupBuckets, "", "Primary");
+                // optionally dump out secondary buckets information
+                totalSecondary +=
+                    dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, ts.secondaryBackupBuckets, "", "Secondary");
+            }
+
+            if (!nullServer.buckets.isEmpty()
+                    || !nullServer.primaryBackupBuckets.isEmpty()
+                    || !nullServer.secondaryBackupBuckets.isEmpty()) {
+                /*
+                 * There are some owned, primary, or secondary buckets that are
+                 * unassigned. It is displayed in a manner similar to buckets that
+                 * do have a server, but the UUID field is marked as 'UNASSIGNED'
+                 * in the first line of the display.
+                 */
+                String uuidField = "UNASSIGNED";
+
+                // optionally dump out unassigned owned buckets information
+                if (dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, nullServer.buckets,
+                                       uuidField, "Owned") != 0) {
+                    uuidField = "";
+                }
+                // optionally dump out unassigned primary backup buckets information
+                if (dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, nullServer.primaryBackupBuckets,
+                                       uuidField, "Primary") != 0) {
+                    uuidField = "";
+                }
+                // optionally dump out unassigned secondary backup buckets information
+                dumpBucketsSegment(out, format, nullServer.secondaryBackupBuckets,
+                                   uuidField, "Secondary");
+            }
+            out.println("\nTotal assigned: owner = " + totalOwner
+                        + ", primary = " + totalPrimary
+                        + ", secondary = " + totalSecondary);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Supports the 'dumpBucketsInternal' command, and indirectly, the
+         * '/cmd/dumpBuckets' REST message. It formats one segment of bucket data
+         * (owned, primary backup, or secondary backup), and dumps out the
+         * associated bucket data in segments of 8. Note: if the size of 'buckets'
+         * is 0, nothing is displayed.
+         *
+         * @param out the output stream
+         * @param format the message format string
+         * @param buckets the entire set of buckets to be displayed
+         * @param uuid string to display under the 'UUID' header
+         * @param segmentDescription string to display under the 'Type' header
+         * @return the size of the 'buckets' set
+         */
+        private static int dumpBucketsSegment(
+            PrintStream out, String format, TreeSet<TestBucket> buckets,
+            String uuid, String segmentDescription) {
+
+            int size = buckets.size();
+            if (size != 0) {
+                // generate a linked list of the bucket data to display
+                LinkedList<String> data = new LinkedList<String>();
+                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+                int count = 8;
+
+                for (TestBucket bucket : buckets) {
+                    if (sb.length() != 0) {
+                        // this is not the first bucket in the line --
+                        // prepend a space
+                        sb.append(' ');
+                    }
+
+                    // add the bucket number
+                    sb.append(String.format("%4s", bucket.index));
+                    if ((count -= 1) <= 0) {
+                        // filled up a row --
+                        // add it to the list, and start a new line
+                        data.add(sb.toString());
+                        sb = new StringBuilder();
+                        count = 8;
+                    }
+                }
+                if (sb.length() != 0) {
+                    // there is a partial line remaining -- add it to the list
+                    data.add(sb.toString());
+                }
+
+                /*
+                 * The first line displayed includes the UUID and size information,
+                 * and the first line of bucket data (owned, primary, or secondary).
+                 * The remaining lines of bucket data are displayed alone,
+                 * without any UUID or size information.
+                 */
+                out.printf(format, uuid, segmentDescription, buckets.size(),
+                           data.removeFirst());
+                while (!data.isEmpty()) {
+                    out.printf(format, "", "", "", data.removeFirst());
+                }
+            }
+            return size;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This interface is an abstraction for all messages that are routed
+     * through buckets. It exists, so that messages may be queued while
+     * bucket migration is taking place, and it makes it possible to support
+     * multiple types of messages (routed UEB/DMAAP messages, or lock messages)
+     */
+    public static interface Message {
+        /**
+         * Process the current message -- this may mean delivering it locally,
+         * or forwarding it.
+         */
+        public void process();
+
+        /**
+         * Send the message to another host for processing.
+         *
+         * @param server the destination host (although it could end up being
+         *     forwarded again)
+         * @param bucketNumber the bucket number determined by extracting the
+         *     current message's keyword
+         */
+        public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This interface implements a type of backup; for example, there is one
+     * for backing up Drools objects within sessions, and another for
+     * backing up lock data.
+     */
+    public static interface Backup {
+        /**
+         * This method is called to add a 'Backup' instance to the registered list.
+         *
+         * @param backup an object implementing the 'Backup' interface
+         */
+        public static void register(Backup backup) {
+            synchronized (backupList) {
+                if (!backupList.contains(backup)) {
+                    backupList.add(backup);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Generate Serializable backup data for the specified bucket.
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber the bucket number to back up
+         * @return a Serializable object containing backkup data
+         */
+        public Restore generate(int bucketNumber);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Objects implementing this interface may be serialized, and restored
+     * on a different host.
+     */
+    public static interface Restore extends Serializable {
+        /**
+         * Restore from deserialized data.
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber the bucket number being restored
+         */
+        void restore(int bucketNumber);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This interface corresponds to a transient state within a Bucket.
+     */
+    private interface State {
+        /**
+         * This method allows state-specific handling of the
+         * 'Bucket.forward()' methods
+         *
+         * @param message the message to be forwarded/processed
+         * @return a value of 'true' indicates the message has been "handled"
+         *      (forwarded or queued), and 'false' indicates it has not, and needs
+         *      to be handled locally.
+         */
+        boolean forward(Message message);
+
+        /**
+         * This method indicates that the current server is the new owner
+         * of the current bucket.
+         */
+        void newOwner();
+
+        /**
+         * This method indicates that serialized data has been received,
+         * presumably from the old owner of the bucket. The data could correspond
+         * to Drools objects within sessions, as well as global locks.
+         *
+         * @param data serialized data associated with this bucket (at present,
+         *      this is assumed to be complete, all within a single message)
+         */
+        void bulkSerializedData(byte[] data);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Each state instance is associated with a bucket, and is used when
+     * that bucket is in a transient state where it is the new owner of a
+     * bucket, or is presumed to be the new owner, based upon other events
+     * that have occurred.
+     */
+    private class NewOwner extends Thread implements State {
+        /*
+         * this value is 'true' if we have explicitly received a 'newOwner'
+         * indication, and 'false' if there was another trigger for entering this
+         * transient state (e.g. receiving serialized data)
+         */
+        boolean confirmed;
+
+        // when 'System.currentTimeMillis()' reaches this value, we time out
+        long endTime;
+
+        // If not 'null', we are queueing messages for this bucket;
+        // otherwise, we are sending them through.
+        Queue<Message> messages = new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+        // this is used to signal the thread that we have data available
+        CountDownLatch dataAvailable = new CountDownLatch(1);
+
+        // this is the data
+        byte[] data = null;
+
+        // this is the old owner of the bucket
+        Server oldOwner;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - a transient state, where we are expecting to receive
+         * bulk data from the old owner.
+         *
+         * @param confirmed 'true' if we were explicitly notified that we
+         *      are the new owner of the bucket, 'false' if not
+         */
+        NewOwner(boolean confirmed, Server oldOwner) {
+            super("New Owner for Bucket " + index);
+            this.confirmed = confirmed;
+            this.oldOwner = oldOwner;
+            if (oldOwner == null) {
+                // we aren't expecting any data -- this is indicated by 0-length data
+                bulkSerializedData(new byte[0]);
+            }
+            endTime = System.currentTimeMillis()
+                      + (confirmed ? confirmedTimeout : unconfirmedTimeout);
+            start();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the 'confirmed' indicator.
+         *
+         * @return the 'confirmed' indicator
+         */
+        private boolean getConfirmed() {
+            synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                return confirmed;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This returns the timeout delay, which will always be less than or
+         * equal to 1 second. This allows us to periodically check whether the
+         * old server is still active.
+         *
+         * @return the timeout delay, which is the difference between the
+         *      'endTime' value and the current time or 1 second
+         *      (whichever is less)
+         */
+        private long getTimeout() {
+            long lclEndTime;
+            synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                lclEndTime = endTime;
+            }
+            return Math.min(lclEndTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), 1000L);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return the current value of the 'data' field.
+         *
+         * @return the current value of the 'data' field
+         */
+        private byte[] getData() {
+            synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                return data;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*********************/
+        /* 'State' interface */
+        /*********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean forward(Message message) {
+            // the caller of this method is synchronized on 'Bucket.this'
+            if (messages != null && Thread.currentThread() != this) {
+                // just queue the message
+                messages.add(message);
+                return true;
+            } else {
+                /*
+                 * Either:
+                 *
+                 * 1) We are in a grace period, where 'state' is still set, but
+                 *    we are no longer forwarding messages.
+                 * 2) We are calling 'message.process()' from this thread
+                 *    in the 'finally' block of 'NewOwner.run()'.
+                 *
+                 * In either case, messages should be processed locally.
+                 */
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void newOwner() {
+            // the caller of this method is synchronized on 'Bucket.this'
+            if (!confirmed) {
+                confirmed = true;
+                endTime += (confirmedTimeout - unconfirmedTimeout);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void bulkSerializedData(byte[] data) {
+            // the caller of this method is synchronized on 'Bucket.this'
+            if (this.data == null) {
+                this.data = data;
+                dataAvailable.countDown();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**********************/
+        /* 'Thread' interface */
+        /**********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            logger.info("{}: 'run' method invoked", this);
+            try {
+                byte[] lclData;
+                long delay;
+
+                while ((lclData = getData()) == null
+                        && oldOwner.isActive()
+                        && (delay = getTimeout()) > 0) {
+                    // ignore return value -- 'data' will indicate the result
+                    dataAvailable.await(delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                }
+                if (lclData == null) {
+                    // no data available -- log an error, and abort
+                    if (getConfirmed()) {
+                        // we never received the data, but we are the new owner
+                        logger.error("{}: never received session data", this);
+                    } else {
+                        /*
+                         * no data received, and it was never confirmed --
+                         * assume that the forwarded message that triggered this was
+                         * erroneus
+                         */
+                        logger.error("{}: no confirmation or data received -- aborting", this);
+                        return;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    logger.info("{}: {} bytes of data available",
+                                this, lclData.length);
+                }
+
+                // if we reach this point, this server is the new owner
+                if (lclData == null || lclData.length == 0) {
+                    // see if any features can do the restore
+                    for (ServerPoolApi feature : ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()) {
+                        feature.restoreBucket(Bucket.this);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // deserialize data
+                    Object obj = Util.deserialize(lclData);
+                    restoreBucketData(obj);
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in {}", this, e);
+            } finally {
+                /*
+                 * cleanly leave state -- we want to make sure that messages
+                 * are processed in order, so the queue needs to remain until
+                 * it is empty
+                 */
+                logger.info("{}: entering cleanup state", this);
+                for ( ; ; ) {
+                    Message message = messages.poll();
+                    if (message == null) {
+                        // no messages left, but this could change
+                        synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                            message = messages.poll();
+                            if (message == null) {
+                                // no messages left
+                                if (state == this) {
+                                    if (owner == Server.getThisServer()) {
+                                        // we can now exit the state
+                                        state = null;
+                                        stateChanged();
+                                    } else {
+                                        /*
+                                         * We need a grace period before we can
+                                         * remove the 'state' value (this can happen
+                                         * if we receive and process the bulk data
+                                         * before receiving official confirmation
+                                         * that we are owner of the bucket.
+                                         */
+                                        messages = null;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // this doesn't work -- it ends up right back in the queue
+                    // if 'messages' is defined
+                    message.process();
+                }
+                if (messages == null) {
+                    // this indicates we need to enter a grace period before cleanup,
+                    try {
+                        logger.info("{}: entering grace period before terminating",
+                                    this);
+                        Thread.sleep(unconfirmedGracePeriod);
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        // we are exiting in any case
+                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                    } finally {
+                        synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                            // Do we need to confirm that we really are the owner?
+                            // What does it mean if we are not?
+                            if (state == this) {
+                                state = null;
+                                stateChanged();
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                logger.info("{}: exiting cleanup state", this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a useful value to display in log messages.
+         *
+         * @return a useful value to display in log messages
+         */
+        public String toString() {
+            return "Bucket.NewOwner(" + index + ")";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Restore bucket data.
+     *
+     * @param obj deserialized bucket data
+     */
+    private void restoreBucketData(Object obj) {
+        if (obj instanceof List) {
+            for (Object entry : (List<?>)obj) {
+                if (entry instanceof Restore) {
+                    // entry-specific 'restore' operation
+                    ((Restore)entry).restore(this.index);
+                } else {
+                    logger.error("{}: Expected '{}' but got '{}'",
+                                 this, Restore.class.getName(),
+                                 entry.getClass().getName());
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            logger.error("{}: expected 'List' but got '{}'",
+                         this, obj.getClass().getName());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Each state instance is associated with a bucket, and is used when
+     * that bucket is in a transient state where it is the old owner of
+     * a bucket, and the data is being transferred to the new owner.
+     */
+    private class OldOwner extends Thread implements State {
+        Server newOwner;
+
+        OldOwner(Server newOwner) {
+            super("Old Owner for Bucket " + index);
+            this.newOwner = newOwner;
+            start();
+        }
+
+        /*********************/
+        /* 'State' interface */
+        /*********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean forward(Message message) {
+            // forward message to new owner
+            message.sendToServer(newOwner, index);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void newOwner() {
+            // shouldn't happen -- just log an error
+            logger.error("{}: 'newOwner()' shouldn't be called in this state", this);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void bulkSerializedData(byte[] data) {
+            // shouldn't happen -- just log an error
+            logger.error("{}: 'bulkSerializedData()' shouldn't be called in this state", this);
+        }
+
+        /**********************/
+        /* 'Thread' interface */
+        /**********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            logger.info("{}: 'run' method invoked", this);
+            try {
+                // go through all of the entries in the list, collecting restore data
+                List<Restore> restoreData = new LinkedList<>();
+                for (Backup backup : backupList) {
+                    Restore restore = backup.generate(index);
+                    if (restore != null) {
+                        restoreData.add(restore);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // serialize all of the objects,
+                // and send what we have to the new owner
+                Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(
+                    new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(Util.serialize(restoreData))),
+                    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                newOwner.post("bucket/sessionData", entity, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                    @Override
+                    public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("bucket", index)
+                               .queryParam("dest", newOwner.getUuid())
+                               .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void response(Response response) {
+                        logger.info("/bucket/sessionData response code = {}",
+                                    response.getStatus());
+                    }
+                });
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in {}", this, e);
+            } finally {
+                synchronized (Bucket.this) {
+                    // restore the state
+                    if (state == this) {
+                        state = null;
+                        stateChanged();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a useful value to display in log messages.
+         *
+         * @return a useful value to display in log messages
+         */
+        public String toString() {
+            return "Bucket.OldOwner(" + index + ")";
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Discovery.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Discovery.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c507e97d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Discovery.java
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_ALLOW_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_API_KEY;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_API_SECRET;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_HTTPS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_PASSWORD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_SERVERS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_TOPIC;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVERY_USERNAME;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import com.google.gson.Gson;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.Topic.CommInfrastructure;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicEndpointManager;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicListener;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicSink;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicSource;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.properties.PolicyEndPointProperties;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.coder.CoderException;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.coder.StandardCoder;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class makes use of UEB/DMAAP to discover other servers in the pool.
+ * The discovery processes ordinarily run only on the lead server, but they
+ * run on other servers up until the point that they determine who the
+ * leader is.
+ */
+public class Discovery implements TopicListener {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Discovery.class);
+
+    // used for JSON <-> String conversion
+    private static StandardCoder coder = new StandardCoder();
+
+    private static Discovery discovery = null;
+
+    private volatile Publisher publisherThread = null;
+
+    private List<TopicSource> consumers = null;
+    private List<TopicSink> publishers = null;
+
+    private Discovery() {
+        // we want to modify the properties we send to 'TopicManager'
+        PropBuilder builder = new PropBuilder(ServerPoolProperties.getProperties());
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_SERVERS, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_SERVERS_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_USERNAME, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_AAF_MECHID_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_PASSWORD, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_AAF_PASSWORD_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_HTTPS, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_HTTP_HTTPS_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_API_KEY, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_API_KEY_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_API_SECRET, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_API_SECRET_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT,
+                        String.valueOf(DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT),
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_SOURCE_FETCH_TIMEOUT_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT,
+                        String.valueOf(DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT),
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_TOPIC_SOURCE_FETCH_LIMIT_SUFFIX);
+        builder.convert(DISCOVERY_ALLOW_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES, null,
+                        PolicyEndPointProperties.PROPERTY_ALLOW_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES_SUFFIX);
+        Properties prop = builder.finish();
+        logger.debug("Discovery converted properties: {}", prop);
+
+        consumers = TopicEndpointManager.getManager().addTopicSources(prop);
+        publishers = TopicEndpointManager.getManager().addTopicSinks(prop);
+
+        if (consumers.isEmpty()) {
+            logger.error("No consumer topics");
+        }
+        if (publishers.isEmpty()) {
+            logger.error("No publisher topics");
+        }
+        logger.debug("Discovery: {} consumers, {} publishers",
+                     consumers.size(), publishers.size());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start all consumers and publishers, and start the publisher thread.
+     */
+    static synchronized void startDiscovery() {
+        if (discovery == null) {
+            discovery = new Discovery();
+        }
+        discovery.start();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop all consumers and publishers, and stop the publisher thread.
+     */
+    static synchronized void stopDiscovery() {
+        if (discovery != null) {
+            discovery.stop();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start all consumers and publishers, and start the publisher thread.
+     */
+    private void start() {
+        for (TopicSource consumer : consumers) {
+            consumer.register(this);
+            consumer.start();
+        }
+        for (TopicSink publisher : publishers) {
+            publisher.start();
+        }
+        if (publisherThread == null) {
+            // send thread wasn't running -- start it
+            publisherThread = new Publisher();
+            publisherThread.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stop all consumers and publishers, and stop the publisher thread.
+     */
+    private void stop() {
+        publisherThread = null;
+        for (TopicSink publisher : publishers) {
+            publisher.stop();
+        }
+        for (TopicSource consumer : consumers) {
+            consumer.unregister(this);
+            consumer.stop();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*===========================*/
+    /* 'TopicListener' interface */
+    /*===========================*/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void onTopicEvent(CommInfrastructure infra, String topic, String event) {
+        /*
+         * a JSON message has been received -- it should contain
+         * a single string parameter 'pingData', which contains the
+         * same format base64-encoded message that 'Server'
+         * instances periodically exchange
+         */
+        LinkedHashMap<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+        try {
+            map = coder.decode(event, LinkedHashMap.class);
+            String message = map.get("pingData");
+            Server.adminRequest(message.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+            logger.info("Received a message, server count={}", Server.getServerCount());
+        } catch (CoderException e) {
+            logger.error("Can't decode message: {}", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to convert internal 'discovery.*' properties to
+     * properties that 'TopicEndpointManager' can use.
+     */
+    private static class PropBuilder {
+        // properties being incrementally modified
+        Properties prop;
+
+        // value from 'discovery.topic' parameter
+        String topic;
+
+        // 'true' only if both 'discovery.topic' and 'discovery.servers'
+        // has been defined
+        boolean doConversion = false;
+
+        // contains "ueb.source.topics" or "dmaap.source.topics"
+        String sourceTopicsName = null;
+
+        // contains "<TYPE>.source.topics.<TOPIC>" (<TYPE> = ueb|dmaap)
+        String sourcePrefix = null;
+
+        // contains "ueb.sink.topics" or "dmaap.sink.topics"
+        String sinkTopicsName = null;
+
+        // contains "<TYPE>.sink.topics.<TOPIC>" (<TYPE> = ueb|dmaap)
+        String sinkPrefix = null;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - decide whether we are going to do conversion or not,
+         * and initialize accordingly.
+         *
+         * @param prop the initial list of properties
+         */
+        PropBuilder(Properties prop) {
+            this.prop = new Properties(prop);
+            this.topic = prop.getProperty(DISCOVERY_TOPIC);
+            String servers = prop.getProperty(DISCOVERY_SERVERS);
+            if (topic != null && servers != null) {
+                // we do have property conversion to do
+                doConversion = true;
+                String type = topic.contains(".") ? "dmaap" : "ueb";
+                sourceTopicsName = type + ".source.topics";
+                sourcePrefix = sourceTopicsName + "." + topic;
+                sinkTopicsName = type + ".sink.topics";
+                sinkPrefix = sinkTopicsName + "." + topic;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * If we are doing conversion, convert an internal property
+         * to something that 'TopicEndpointManager' can use.
+         *
+         * @param intName server pool property name (e.g. "discovery.servers")
+         * @param defaultValue value to use if property 'intName' is not specified
+         * @param extSuffix TopicEndpointManager suffix, including leading "."
+         */
+        void convert(String intName, String defaultValue, String extSuffix) {
+            if (doConversion) {
+                String value = prop.getProperty(intName, defaultValue);
+                if (value != null) {
+                    prop.setProperty(sourcePrefix + extSuffix, value);
+                    prop.setProperty(sinkPrefix + extSuffix, value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Generate/update the '*.source.topics' and '*.sink.topics' parameters.
+         *
+         * @return the updated properties list
+         */
+        Properties finish() {
+            if (doConversion) {
+                String currentValue = prop.getProperty(sourceTopicsName);
+                if (currentValue == null) {
+                    // '*.source.topics' is not defined -- set it
+                    prop.setProperty(sourceTopicsName, topic);
+                } else {
+                    // '*.source.topics' is defined -- append to it
+                    prop.setProperty(sourceTopicsName, currentValue + "," + topic);
+                }
+                currentValue = prop.getProperty(sinkTopicsName);
+                if (currentValue == null) {
+                    // '*.sink.topics' is not defined -- set it
+                    prop.setProperty(sinkTopicsName, topic);
+                } else {
+                    // '*.sink.topics' is defined -- append to it
+                    prop.setProperty(sinkTopicsName, currentValue + "," + topic);
+                }
+            }
+            return prop;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This is the sender thread, which periodically sends out 'ping' messages.
+     */
+    private class Publisher extends Thread {
+        /**
+         * Constructor -- read in the properties, and initialze 'publisher'.
+         */
+        Publisher() {
+            super("Discovery Publisher Thread");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            // this loop will terminate once 'publisher' is set to 'null',
+            // or some other 'Publisher' instance replaces it
+            long cycleTime = getProperty(DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME,
+                                         DEFAULT_DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME);
+            while (this == publisherThread) {
+                try {
+                    // wait 5 seconds (default)
+                    Thread.sleep(cycleTime);
+
+                    // generate a 'ping' message
+                    ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+                    DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+
+                    // write the 'ping' data for this server
+                    Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+                    thisServer.writeServerData(dos);
+                    String encodedData =
+                        new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bos.toByteArray()));
+
+                    // base64-encoded value is passed as JSON parameter 'pingData'
+                    LinkedHashMap<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
+                    map.put("pingData", encodedData);
+                    String jsonString = new Gson().toJson(map, Map.class);
+                    for (TopicSink publisher : publishers) {
+                        publisher.send(jsonString);
+                    }
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    logger.error("Exception in Discovery.Publisher.run():", e);
+                    return;
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("Exception in Discovery.Publisher.run():", e);
+                    // grace period -- we don't want to get UEB upset at us
+                    try {
+                        Thread.sleep(15000);
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e2) {
+                        logger.error("Discovery.Publisher sleep interrupted");
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Events.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Events.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..176d39ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Events.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+
+/**
+ * This interface is used to distribute notifications of various system
+ * events, such as new 'Server' instances, or a server failing.
+ */
+public interface Events {
+    // set of listeners receiving event notifications
+    static final Queue<Events> listeners =
+        new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+    /**
+     * add a listener to the set of listeners receiving events.
+     *
+     * @param handler the listener
+     */
+    public static void register(Events handler) {
+        // if it is already here, remove it first
+        listeners.remove(handler);
+
+        // add to the end of the queue
+        listeners.add(handler);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * remove a listener from the set of listeners.
+     */
+    public static boolean unregister(Events handler) {
+        return listeners.remove(handler);
+    }
+
+    public static Collection<Events> getListeners() {
+        return listeners;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Notification that a new server has been discovered.
+     *
+     * @param server this is the new server
+     */
+    public default void newServer(Server server) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notification that a server has failed.
+     *
+     * @param server this is the server that failed
+     */
+    public default void serverFailed(Server server) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notification that a new lead server has been selected.
+     *
+     * @param server this is the new lead server
+     */
+    public default void newLeader(Server server) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notification that the lead server has gone down.
+     *
+     * @param server the lead server that failed
+     */
+    public default void leaderFailed(Server server) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notification that a new selection just completed, but the same
+     * leader has been chosen (this may be in response to a new server
+     * joining earlier).
+     *
+     * @param server the current leader, which has been confirmed
+     */
+    public default void leaderConfirmed(Server server) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ExtendedObjectInputStream.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ExtendedObjectInputStream.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5ec6f341
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ExtendedObjectInputStream.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides an 'ObjectInputStream' variant that uses the
+ * specified 'ClassLoader' instance.
+ */
+public class ExtendedObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {
+    // the 'ClassLoader' to use when doing class lookups
+    private ClassLoader classLoader;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor -- invoke the superclass, and save the 'ClassLoader'.
+     *
+     * @param in input stream to read from
+     * @param classLoader 'ClassLoader' to use when doing class lookups
+     */
+    public ExtendedObjectInputStream(InputStream in, ClassLoader classLoader) throws IOException {
+        super(in);
+        this.classLoader = classLoader;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<?> resolveClass(ObjectStreamClass desc) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+        // Standard ClassLoader implementations first attempt to load classes
+        // via the parent class loader, and then attempt to load it using the
+        // current class loader if that fails. For some reason, Drools container
+        // class loaders define a different order -- in theory, this is only a
+        // problem if different versions of the same class are accessible through
+        // different class loaders, which is exactly what happens in some Junit
+        // tests.
+        //
+        // This change restores the order, at least when deserializing objects
+        // into a Drools container.
+        try {
+            // try the parent class loader first
+            return classLoader.getParent().loadClass(desc.getName());
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            return classLoader.loadClass(desc.getName());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/FeatureServerPool.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/FeatureServerPool.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..748a38f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/FeatureServerPool.java
@@ -0,0 +1,986 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.WebTarget;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+
+import org.drools.core.definitions.InternalKnowledgePackage;
+import org.drools.core.impl.KnowledgeBaseImpl;
+import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
+import org.kie.api.runtime.rule.FactHandle;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.Topic.CommInfrastructure;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicListener;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.coder.CoderException;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.coder.StandardCoder;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.coder.StandardCoderObject;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.DroolsRunnable;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicyContainer;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.PolicyResourceLockManager;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyControllerFeatureApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyEngineFeatureApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyController;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyControllerConstants;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyEngine;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyEngineConstants;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.utils.Pair;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.utils.PropertyUtil;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * </p>
+ * This class hooks the server pool implementation into DroolsPDP.
+ * <dl>
+ * <dt>PolicyEngineFeatureApi</dt><dd> - the <i>afterStart</i> hook is where we initialize.</dd>
+ * <dt>PolicyControllerFeatureApi</dt><dd> - the <i>beforeOffer</i> hook is used to look
+ *     at incoming topic messages, and decide whether to process them
+ *     on this host, or forward to another host.</dd>
+ * </dl>
+ */
+public class FeatureServerPool
+    implements PolicyEngineFeatureApi, PolicySessionFeatureApi,
+    PolicyControllerFeatureApi, DroolsPdpStateControlApi {
+    private static Logger logger =
+        LoggerFactory.getLogger(FeatureServerPool.class);
+
+    // used for JSON <-> String conversion
+    private static StandardCoder coder = new StandardCoder();
+
+    private static final String configFile =
+            "config/feature-server-pool.properties";
+
+    /*
+     * Properties used when searching for keyword entries
+     *
+     * The following types are supported:
+     *
+     * 1) keyword.<topic>.path=<field-list>
+     * 2) keyword.path=<field-list>
+     * 3) ueb.source.topics.<topic>.keyword=<field-list>
+     * 4) ueb.source.topics.keyword=<field-list>
+     * 5) dmaap.source.topics.<topic>.keyword=<field-list>
+     * 6) dmaap.source.topics.keyword=<field-list>
+     *
+     * 1, 3, and 5 are functionally equivalent
+     * 2, 4, and 6 are functionally equivalent
+     */
+
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_1 = "keyword.";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_1 = ".path";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_2 = "ueb.source.topics.";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_2 = ".keyword";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_3 = "dmaap.source.topics.";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_3 = ".keyword";
+
+    /*
+     * maps topic names to a keyword table derived from <field-list> (above)
+     *
+     * Example <field-list>: requestID,CommonHeader.RequestID
+     *
+     * Table generated from this example has length 2:
+     * table[0] = {"requestID"}
+     * table[1] = {"CommonHeader", "RequestID"}
+     */
+    private static HashMap<String,String[][]> topicToPaths = new HashMap<>();
+
+    // this table is used for any topics that aren't in 'topicToPaths'
+    private static String[][] defaultPaths = new String[0][];
+
+    // extracted from properties
+    private static long droolsTimeoutMillis;
+    private static String timeToLiveSecond;
+
+    /******************************/
+    /* 'OrderedService' interface */
+    /******************************/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getSequenceNumber() {
+        // we need to make sure we have an early position in 'selectThreadModel'
+        // (in case there is feature that provides a thread model)
+        return -1000000;
+    }
+
+    /**************************************/
+    /* 'PolicyEngineFeatureApi' interface */
+    /**************************************/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean afterStart(PolicyEngine engine) {
+        logger.info("Starting FeatureServerPool");
+        Server.startup(configFile);
+        TargetLock.startup();
+        droolsTimeoutMillis =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT, DEFAULT_BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT);
+        int intTimeToLive =
+            getProperty(BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE, DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE);
+        timeToLiveSecond = String.valueOf(intTimeToLive);
+        buildKeywordTable();
+        Bucket.Backup.register(new DroolsSessionBackup());
+        Bucket.Backup.register(new TargetLock.LockBackup());
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public PolicyResourceLockManager beforeCreateLockManager(
+        PolicyEngine engine, Properties properties) {
+
+        return TargetLock.getLockFactory();
+    }
+
+    /*=====================================*/
+    /* 'PolicySessionFeatureApi' interface */
+    /*=====================================*/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean insertDrools(
+        final PolicySession session, final Object object) {
+
+        final String keyword = Keyword.lookupKeyword(object);
+        if (keyword == null) {
+            // no keyword was found, so we process locally
+            KieSession kieSession = session.getKieSession();
+            if (kieSession != null) {
+                kieSession.insert(object);
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * 'keyword' determines the destination host,
+         * which may be local or remote
+         */
+        Bucket.forwardAndProcess(keyword, new Bucket.Message() {
+            @Override
+            public void process() {
+                // if we reach this point, we process locally
+                KieSession kieSession = session.getKieSession();
+                if (kieSession != null) {
+                    kieSession.insert(object);
+                }
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber) {
+                // this object needs to sent to a remote host --
+                // first, serialize the object
+                byte[] data = null;
+                try {
+                    data = Util.serialize(object);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    logger.error("insertDrools: can't serialize object of {}",
+                                 object.getClass(), e);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                // construct the message to insert remotely
+                Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(
+                    new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(data), StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                server.post("session/insertDrools", entity,
+                    new Server.PostResponse() {
+                        @Override
+                        public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                            PolicyContainer pc = session.getPolicyContainer();
+                            String encodedSessionName =
+                                pc.getGroupId() + ":" + pc.getArtifactId() + ":"
+                                + session.getName();
+
+                            return webTarget
+                                .queryParam("keyword", keyword)
+                                .queryParam("session", encodedSessionName)
+                                .queryParam("bucket", bucketNumber)
+                                .queryParam("ttl", timeToLiveSecond);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void response(Response response) {
+                            logger.info("/session/insertDrools response code = {}",
+                                        response.getStatus());
+                        }
+                    });
+            }
+        });
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /******************************************/
+    /* 'PolicyControllerFeatureApi' interface */
+    /******************************************/
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called from 'AggregatedPolicyController.onTopicEvent',
+     * and provides a way to intercept the message before it is decoded and
+     * delivered to a local Drools session.
+     *
+     * @param controller the PolicyController instance receiving the message
+     * @param protocol communication infrastructure type
+     * @param topic topic name
+     * @param event event message as a string
+     * @return 'false' if this event should be processed locally, or 'true'
+     *     if the message has been forwarded to a remote host, so local
+     *     processing should be bypassed
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean beforeOffer(final PolicyController controller,
+                               final CommInfrastructure protocol,
+                               final String topic,
+                               final String event) {
+        // choose the table, based upon the topic
+        String[][] table = topicToPaths.getOrDefault(topic, defaultPaths);
+
+        // build a JSON object from the event
+        StandardCoderObject sco;
+
+        try {
+            sco = coder.decode(event, StandardCoderObject.class);
+        } catch (CoderException e) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        String keyword = null;
+
+        for (String[] path : table) {
+            /*
+             * Each entry in 'table' is a String[] containing an encoding
+             * of a possible keyword field. Suppose the value is 'a.b.c.d.e' --
+             * 'path' would be encoded as 'String[] {"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}'
+             */
+            String fieldName = path[path.length - 1];
+            String conversionFunctionName = null;
+            int index = fieldName.indexOf(':');
+
+            if (index > 0) {
+                conversionFunctionName = fieldName.substring(index + 1);
+                fieldName = fieldName.substring(0, index);
+                path = Arrays.copyOf(path, path.length);
+                path[path.length - 1] = fieldName;
+            }
+            keyword = sco.getString(path);
+        }
+
+        if (keyword == null) {
+            // couldn't find any keywords -- just process this message locally
+            logger.warn("Can't locate bucket keyword within message");
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * build a message object implementing the 'Bucket.Message' interface --
+         * it will be processed locally, forwarded, or queued based upon the
+         * current state.
+         */
+        TopicMessage message =
+            new TopicMessage(keyword, controller, protocol, topic, event);
+        int bucketNumber = Bucket.bucketNumber(keyword);
+        if (Bucket.forward(bucketNumber, message)) {
+            // message was queued or forwarded -- abort local processing
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * the bucket happens to be assigned to this server, and wasn't queued  --
+         * return 'false', so it will be processed locally
+         */
+        logger.info("Keyword={}, bucket={} -- owned by this server",
+                    keyword, bucketNumber);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Incoming topic message has been forwarded from a remote host.
+     *
+     * @param bucketNumber the bucket number calculated on the remote host
+     * @param keyword the keyword associated with the message
+     * @param controllerName the controller the message was directed to
+     *     on the remote host
+     * @param protocol String value of the 'Topic.CommInfrastructure' value
+     *     (UEB, DMAAP, NOOP, or REST -- NOOP and REST shouldn't be used
+     *     here)
+     * @param topic the UEB/DMAAP topic name
+     * @param event this is the JSON message
+     */
+    static void topicMessage(
+        int bucketNumber, String keyword, String controllerName,
+        String protocol, String topic, String event) {
+
+        // @formatter:off
+        logger.info("Incoming topic message: Keyword={}, bucket={}\n"
+                    + "    controller = {}\n"
+                    + "    topic      = {}",
+                    keyword, bucketNumber, controllerName, topic);
+        // @formatter:on
+
+        // locate the 'PolicyController'
+        PolicyController controller = PolicyControllerConstants.getFactory().get(controllerName);
+        if (controller == null) {
+            /*
+             * This controller existed on the sender's host, but doesn't exist
+             * on the destination. This is a problem -- we are counting on all
+             * hosts being configured with the same controllers.
+             */
+            logger.error("Can't locate controller '{}' for incoming topic message",
+                         controllerName);
+        } else if (controller instanceof TopicListener) {
+            /*
+             * This is the destination host -- repeat the 'onTopicEvent'
+             * method (the one that invoked 'beforeOffer' on the originating host).
+             * Note that this message could be forwarded again if the sender's
+             * bucket table was somehow different from ours -- perhaps there was
+             * an update in progress.
+             *
+             * TBD: it would be nice to limit the number of hops, in case we
+             * somehow have a loop.
+             */
+            ((TopicListener)controller).onTopicEvent(
+                CommInfrastructure.valueOf(protocol), topic, event);
+        } else {
+            /*
+             * This 'PolicyController' was also a 'TopicListener' on the sender's
+             * host -- it isn't on this host, and we are counting on them being
+             * config
+             */
+            logger.error("Controller {} is not a TopicListener", controllerName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * An incoming '/session/insertDrools' message was received.
+     *
+     * @param keyword the keyword associated with the incoming object
+     * @param sessionName encoded session name(groupId:artifactId:droolsSession)
+     * @param bucket the bucket associated with keyword
+     * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+     *     the message may take
+     * @param data base64-encoded serialized data for the object
+     */
+    static void incomingInsertDrools(
+        String keyword, String sessionName, int bucket, int ttl, byte[] data) {
+
+        logger.info("Incoming insertDrools: keyword={}, session={}, bucket={}, ttl={}",
+            keyword, sessionName, bucket, ttl);
+
+        if (Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(keyword)) {
+            // process locally
+
+            // [0]="<groupId>" [1]="<artifactId>", [2]="<sessionName>"
+            String[] nameSegments = sessionName.split(":");
+
+            // locate the 'PolicyContainer' and 'PolicySession'
+            PolicySession policySession = locatePolicySession(nameSegments);
+
+            if (policySession == null) {
+                logger.error("incomingInsertDrools: Can't find PolicySession={}",
+                             sessionName);
+            } else {
+                KieSession kieSession = policySession.getKieSession();
+                if (kieSession != null) {
+                    try {
+                        // deserialization needs to use the correct class loader
+                        Object obj = Util.deserialize(
+                            Base64.getDecoder().decode(data),
+                            policySession.getPolicyContainer().getClassLoader());
+                        kieSession.insert(obj);
+                    } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException
+                                 | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                        logger.error("incomingInsertDrools: failed to read data "
+                                     + "for session '{}'", sessionName, e);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+            /*
+             * This host is not the intended destination -- this could happen
+             * if it was sent from another site. Forward the message in the
+             * same thread.
+             */
+            forwardInsertDroolsMessage(bucket, keyword, sessionName, ttl, data);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * step through all 'PolicyContainer' instances looking
+     * for a matching 'artifactId' & 'groupId'.
+     * @param nameSegments name portion from sessionName
+     * @return policySession match artifactId and groupId
+     */
+    private static PolicySession locatePolicySession(String[] nameSegments) {
+        PolicySession policySession = null;
+        if (nameSegments.length == 3) {
+            for (PolicyContainer pc : PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                if (nameSegments[1].equals(pc.getArtifactId())
+                    && nameSegments[0].equals(pc.getGroupId())) {
+                    policySession = pc.getPolicySession(nameSegments[2]);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return policySession;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Forward the insertDrools message in the same thread.
+     */
+    private static void forwardInsertDroolsMessage(int bucket, String keyword,
+            String sessionName, int ttl, byte[] data) {
+        Server server = Bucket.bucketToServer(bucket);
+        WebTarget webTarget = server.getWebTarget("session/insertDrools");
+        if (webTarget != null) {
+            logger.info("Forwarding 'session/insertDrools' "
+                        + "(key={},session={},bucket={},ttl={})",
+                        keyword, sessionName, bucket, ttl);
+            Entity<String> entity =
+                Entity.entity(new String(data, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+            webTarget
+            .queryParam("keyword", keyword)
+            .queryParam("session", sessionName)
+            .queryParam("bucket", bucket)
+            .queryParam("ttl", ttl)
+            .request().post(entity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method builds the table that is used to locate the appropriate
+     * keywords within incoming JSON messages (e.g. 'requestID'). The
+     * associated values are then mapped into bucket numbers.
+     */
+    private static void buildKeywordTable() {
+        Properties prop = ServerPoolProperties.getProperties();
+
+        // iterate over all of the properties, picking out those we are
+        // interested in
+        for (String name : prop.stringPropertyNames()) {
+            String topic = null;
+            String begin;
+            String end;
+
+            if (name.startsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_1)
+                    && name.endsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_1)) {
+                // 1) keyword.<topic>.path=<field-list>
+                // 2) keyword.path=<field-list>
+                begin = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_1;
+                end = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_1;
+            } else if (name.startsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_2)
+                       && name.endsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_2)) {
+                // 3) ueb.source.topics.<topic>.keyword=<field-list>
+                // 4) ueb.source.topics.keyword=<field-list>
+                begin = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_2;
+                end = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_2;
+            } else if (name.startsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_3)
+                       && name.endsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_3)) {
+                // 5) dmaap.source.topics.<topic>.keyword=<field-list>
+                // 6) dmaap.source.topics.keyword=<field-list>
+                begin = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START_3;
+                end = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END_3;
+            } else {
+                // we aren't interested in this property
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            int beginIndex = begin.length();
+            int endIndex = name.length() - end.length();
+            if (beginIndex < endIndex) {
+                // <topic> is specified, so this table is limited to this
+                // specific topic
+                topic = name.substring(beginIndex, endIndex);
+            }
+
+            // now, process the value
+            // Example: requestID,CommonHeader.RequestID
+            String[] commaSeparatedEntries = prop.getProperty(name).split(",");
+            String[][] paths = new String[commaSeparatedEntries.length][];
+            for (int i = 0 ; i < commaSeparatedEntries.length ; i += 1) {
+                paths[i] = commaSeparatedEntries[i].split("\\.");
+            }
+
+            if (topic == null) {
+                // these paths are used for any topics not explicitly
+                // in the 'topicToPaths' table
+                defaultPaths = paths;
+            } else {
+                // these paths are specific to 'topic'
+                topicToPaths.put(topic, paths);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*======================================*/
+    /* 'DroolsPdpStateControlApi' interface */
+    /*======================================*/
+
+    /*
+     * Stop the processing of messages and server pool participation(non-Javadoc)
+     * Note: This is not static because it should only be used if feature-server-pool
+     * has been enabled.
+     * (non-Javadoc)
+     * @see org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi#shutdown()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void shutdown() {
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().deactivate();
+        Server.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Stop the processing of messages and server pool participation(non-Javadoc)
+     * Note: This is not static because it should only be used if feature-server-pool
+     * has been enabled.
+     * (non-Javadoc)
+     * @see org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi#restart()
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void restart() {
+        MainLoop.startThread();
+        Discovery.startDiscovery();
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().activate();
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class implements the 'Bucket.Message' interface for UEB/DMAAP
+     * messages.
+     */
+    @AllArgsConstructor
+    private static class TopicMessage implements Bucket.Message {
+        /*
+         * the keyword associated with this message
+         * (which determines the bucket number).
+         */
+        private final String keyword;
+
+        // the controller receiving this message
+        private final PolicyController controller;
+
+        // enumeration: UEB or DMAAP
+        private final CommInfrastructure protocol;
+
+        // UEB/DMAAP topic
+        private final String topic;
+
+        // JSON message as a String
+        private final String event;
+
+        /**
+         * Process this message locally using 'TopicListener.onTopicEvent'
+         * (the 'PolicyController' instance is assumed to implement
+         * the 'TopicListener' interface as well).
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void process() {
+            if (controller instanceof TopicListener) {
+                /*
+                 * This is the destination host -- repeat the 'onTopicEvent' method
+                 * (the one that invoked 'beforeOffer' on the originating host).
+                 * Note that this message could be forwarded again if the sender's
+                 * bucket table was somehow different from ours -- perhaps there was
+                 * an update in progress.
+                 *
+                 * TBD: it would be nice to limit the number of hops, in case we
+                 * somehow have a loop.
+                 */
+                ((TopicListener)controller).onTopicEvent(protocol, topic, event);
+            } else {
+                /*
+                 * This 'PolicyController' was also a 'TopicListener' on the sender's
+                 * host -- it isn't on this host, and we are counting on them being
+                 * configured the same way.
+                 */
+                logger.error("Controller {} is not a TopicListener",
+                             controller.getName());
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Send this message to a remote server for processing (presumably, it
+         * is the destination host).
+         *
+         * @param server the Server instance to send the message to
+         * @param bucketNumber the bucket number to send it to
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber) {
+            // if we reach this point, we have determined the remote server
+            // that should process this message
+
+            // @formatter:off
+            logger.info("Outgoing topic message: Keyword={}, bucket={}\n"
+                        + "    controller = {}"
+                        + "    topic      = {}"
+                        + "    sender     = {}"
+                        + "    receiver   = {}",
+                        keyword, bucketNumber, controller.getName(), topic,
+                        Server.getThisServer().getUuid(), server.getUuid());
+            // @formatter:on
+
+            Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(event, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
+            server.post("bucket/topic", entity, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                @Override
+                public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                    return webTarget
+                           .queryParam("bucket", bucketNumber)
+                           .queryParam("keyword", keyword)
+                           .queryParam("controller", controller.getName())
+                           .queryParam("protocol", protocol.toString())
+                           .queryParam("topic", topic);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void response(Response response) {
+                    // TODO: eventually, we will want to do something different
+                    // based upon success/failure
+                }
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Backup data associated with a Drools session.
+     */
+    static class DroolsSessionBackup implements Bucket.Backup {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public Bucket.Restore generate(int bucketNumber) {
+            // Go through all of the Drools sessions, and generate backup data.
+            // If there is no data to backup for this bucket, return 'null'
+
+            DroolsSessionRestore restore = new DroolsSessionRestore();
+            return restore.backup(bucketNumber) ? restore : null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to generate and restore backup Drools data.
+     */
+    static class DroolsSessionRestore implements Bucket.Restore, Serializable {
+        // backup data for all Drools sessions on this host
+        private final List<SingleSession> sessions = new LinkedList<>();
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        boolean backup(int bucketNumber) {
+            /*
+             * There may be multiple Drools sessions being backed up at the same
+             * time. There is one 'Pair' in the list for each session being
+             * backed up.
+             */
+            LinkedList<Pair<CompletableFuture<List<Object>>, PolicySession>>
+                pendingData = new LinkedList<>();
+            for (PolicyContainer pc : PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                for (PolicySession session : pc.getPolicySessions()) {
+                    // Wraps list of objects, to be populated in the session
+                    final CompletableFuture<List<Object>> droolsObjectsWrapper =
+                        new CompletableFuture<>();
+
+                    // 'KieSessionObject'
+                    final KieSession kieSession = session.getKieSession();
+
+                    logger.info("{}: about to fetch data for session {}",
+                                this, session.getFullName());
+                    kieSession.insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() {
+                            List<Object> droolsObjects = new ArrayList<>();
+                            for (FactHandle fh : kieSession.getFactHandles()) {
+                                Object obj = kieSession.getObject(fh);
+                                String keyword = Keyword.lookupKeyword(obj);
+                                if (keyword != null
+                                        && Bucket.bucketNumber(keyword) == bucketNumber) {
+                                    // bucket matches -- include this object
+                                    droolsObjects.add(obj);
+                                    /*
+                                     * delete this factHandle from Drools memory
+                                     * this classes are used in bucket migration,
+                                     * so the delete is intentional.
+                                     */
+                                    kieSession.delete(fh);
+                                }
+                            }
+
+                            // send notification that object list is complete
+                            droolsObjectsWrapper.complete(droolsObjects);
+                        }
+                    });
+
+                    // add pending operation to the list
+                    pendingData.add(new Pair<>(droolsObjectsWrapper, session));
+                }
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * data copying can start as soon as we receive results
+             * from pending sessions (there may not be any)
+             */
+            copyDataFromSession(pendingData);
+            return !sessions.isEmpty();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Copy data from pending sessions.
+         * @param pendingData a list of policy sessions
+         */
+        private void copyDataFromSession(List<Pair<CompletableFuture<List<Object>>, PolicySession>>
+            pendingData) {
+            long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + droolsTimeoutMillis;
+
+            for (Pair<CompletableFuture<List<Object>>, PolicySession> pair :
+                    pendingData) {
+                PolicySession session = pair.second();
+                long delay = endTime - System.currentTimeMillis();
+                if (delay < 0) {
+                    /**
+                     * we have already reached the time limit, so we will
+                     * only process data that has already been received
+                     */
+                    delay = 0;
+                }
+                try {
+                    List<Object> droolsObjects =
+                        pair.first().get(delay, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+
+                    // if we reach this point, session data read has completed
+                    logger.info("{}: session={}, got {} object(s)",
+                                this, session.getFullName(),
+                                droolsObjects.size());
+                    if (!droolsObjects.isEmpty()) {
+                        sessions.add(new SingleSession(session, droolsObjects));
+                    }
+                } catch (TimeoutException e) {
+                    logger.error("{}: Timeout waiting for data from session {}",
+                        this, session.getFullName());
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("{}: Exception writing output data", this, e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void restore(int bucketNumber) {
+            /*
+             * There may be multiple Drools sessions being restored at the same
+             * time. There is one entry in 'sessionLatches' for each session
+             * being restored.
+             */
+            LinkedList<CountDownLatch> sessionLatches = new LinkedList<>();
+            for (SingleSession session : sessions) {
+                try {
+                    CountDownLatch sessionLatch = session.restore();
+                    if (sessionLatch != null) {
+                        // there is a restore in progress -- add it to the list
+                        sessionLatches.add(sessionLatch);
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                    logger.error("Exception in {}", this, e);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // wait for all sessions to be updated
+            try {
+                for (CountDownLatch sessionLatch : sessionLatches) {
+                    if (!sessionLatch.await(droolsTimeoutMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                        logger.error("{}: timed out waiting for session latch", this);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in {}", this, e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Each instance of this class corresponds to a Drools session that has
+     * been backed up, or is being restored.
+     */
+    static class SingleSession implements Serializable {
+        // the group id associated with the Drools container
+        String groupId;
+
+        // the artifact id associated with the Drools container
+        String artifactId;
+
+        // the session name within the Drools container
+        String sessionName;
+
+        // serialized data associated with this session (and bucket)
+        byte[] data;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initialize the 'SingleSession' instance, so it can
+         * be serialized.
+         *
+         * @param session the Drools session being backed up
+         * @param droolsObjects the Drools objects from this session associated
+         *     with the bucket currently being backed up
+         */
+        SingleSession(PolicySession session, List<Object> droolsObjects) throws IOException {
+            // 'groupId' and 'artifactId' are set from the 'PolicyContainer'
+            PolicyContainer pc = session.getPolicyContainer();
+            groupId = pc.getGroupId();
+            artifactId = pc.getArtifactId();
+
+            // 'sessionName' is set from the 'PolicySession'
+            sessionName = session.getName();
+
+            /*
+             * serialize the Drools objects -- we serialize them here, because they
+             * need to be deserialized within the scope of the Drools session
+             */
+            data = Util.serialize(droolsObjects);
+        }
+
+        CountDownLatch restore() throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+            PolicySession session = null;
+
+            // locate the 'PolicyContainer', and 'PolicySession'
+            for (PolicyContainer pc : PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                if (artifactId.equals(pc.getArtifactId())
+                        && groupId.equals(pc.getGroupId())) {
+                    session = pc.getPolicySession(sessionName);
+                    return insertSessionData(session, new ByteArrayInputStream(data));
+                }
+            }
+            logger.error("{}: unable to locate session name {}", this, sessionName);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Deserialize session data, and insert the objects into the session
+         * from within the Drools session thread.
+         *
+         * @param session the associated PolicySession instance
+         * @param bis the data to be deserialized
+         * @return a CountDownLatch, which will indicate when the operation has
+         *     completed (null in case of failure)
+         * @throws IOException IO errors while creating or reading from
+         *     the object stream
+         * @throws ClassNotFoundException class not found during deserialization
+         */
+        private CountDownLatch insertSessionData(PolicySession session, ByteArrayInputStream bis)
+            throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+            ClassLoader classLoader = session.getPolicyContainer().getClassLoader();
+            ExtendedObjectInputStream ois =
+                new ExtendedObjectInputStream(bis, classLoader);
+
+            /*
+             * associate the current thread with the session,
+             * and deserialize
+             */
+            session.setPolicySession();
+            Object obj = ois.readObject();
+
+            if (obj instanceof List) {
+                final List<?> droolsObjects = (List<?>)obj;
+                logger.info("{}: session={}, got {} object(s)",
+                            this, session.getFullName(), droolsObjects.size());
+
+                // signal when session update is complete
+                final CountDownLatch sessionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+
+                // 'KieSession' object
+                final KieSession kieSession = session.getKieSession();
+
+                // run the following within the Drools session thread
+                kieSession.insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        try {
+                            /*
+                             * Insert all of the objects -- note that this is running
+                             * in the session thread, so no other rules can fire
+                             * until all of the objects are inserted.
+                             */
+                            for (Object obj : droolsObjects) {
+                                kieSession.insert(obj);
+                            }
+                        } finally {
+                            // send notification that the inserts have completed
+                            sessionLatch.countDown();
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+                return sessionLatch;
+            } else {
+                logger.error("{}: Invalid session data for session={}, type={}",
+                             this, session.getFullName(), obj.getClass().getName());
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Keyword.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Keyword.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..6c88ebd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Keyword.java
@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class supports the lookup of keywords from objects within Drools
+ * sessions. It maps the class of the object into an object implementing
+ * the 'Keyword.Lookup' interface. At present, this requires writing
+ * special code for each class that can exist in a Drools session that is
+ * assignable and relocatable via a bucket. In theory, it would be possible
+ * to populate this table through properties, which would use the reflective
+ * interface, and  indicate the methods and fields to use to do this lookup.
+ */
+public class Keyword {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Keyword.class);
+
+    // this table can be used to map an object class into the method
+    // to invoke to do the lookup
+    private static ConcurrentHashMap<Class, Lookup> classToLookup =
+        new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    // this is a pre-defined 'Lookup' instance that always returns 'null'
+    private static Lookup nullLookup = new Lookup() {
+        @Override
+        public String getKeyword(Object obj) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * This method takes the object's class, looks it up in the 'classToLookup'
+     * table, and then performs the lookup to get the keyword. When a direct
+     * lookup on a class fails, it will attempt to find a match using inheritance
+     * rules -- if an appropriate match is found, the 'classToLookup' table is
+     * updated, so it will be easier next time. If no match is found, the table
+     * is also updated, but the 'value' will be 'nullLookup'.
+     *
+     * @param obj object to to the lookup on
+     * @return a String keyword, if found; 'null' if not
+     */
+    public static String lookupKeyword(Object obj) {
+        Lookup lu = classToLookup.get(obj.getClass());
+        if (lu != null) {
+            return lu.getKeyword(obj);
+        }
+        // no entry for this class yet --
+        // try to locate a matching entry using 'inheritance' rules
+        Class<?> thisClass = obj.getClass();
+        Class<?> matchingClass = null;
+        for (Map.Entry<Class, Lookup> entry : classToLookup.entrySet()) {
+            if (entry.getKey().isAssignableFrom(thisClass)
+                    && (matchingClass == null
+                       || matchingClass.isAssignableFrom(entry.getKey()))) {
+                // we have a first match, or a more specific match
+                matchingClass = entry.getKey();
+                lu = entry.getValue();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * whether we found a match or not, update the table accordingly
+         * no match found -- see if the 'keyword.<CLASS-NAME>.lookup'
+         * properties can provide a solution.
+         */
+        if (lu == null && (lu = buildReflectiveLookup(thisClass)) == null) {
+            lu = nullLookup;
+        }
+
+        // update table
+        classToLookup.put(thisClass, lu);
+        return lu.getKeyword(obj);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * explicitly place an entry in the table.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the class to do the lookup on
+     * @param handler an instance implementing the 'Lookup' interface,
+     *     can handle instances of type 'clazz'
+     */
+    public static void setLookupHandler(Class<?> clazz, Lookup handler) {
+        classToLookup.put(clazz, handler);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * These are the interface that must be implemented by objects in the
+     * 'classToLookup' table.
+     */
+    public interface Lookup {
+        /**
+         * Map the object into a keyword string.
+         *
+         * @param obj the object to lookup, which should be an instance of the
+         *     associated class in the 'classToLookup' table
+         * @return the keyword, if found; 'null' if not
+         */
+        public String getKeyword(Object obj);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    // this table maps class name to a sequence of method calls and field
+    // references, based upon 'keyword.<CLASS-NAME>.lookup' entries found
+    // in the property list
+    private static Map<String,String> classNameToSequence = null;
+
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START = "keyword.";
+    static final String KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END = ".lookup";
+
+    /**
+     * Attempt to build a 'Lookup' instance for a particular class based upon
+     * properties.
+     *
+     * @param clazz the class to build an entry for
+     * @return a 'Lookup' instance to do the lookup, or 'null' if one can't
+     *     be generated from the available properties
+     */
+    private static synchronized Lookup buildReflectiveLookup(Class<?> clazz) {
+        if (classNameToSequence == null) {
+            classNameToSequence = new HashMap<>();
+            Properties prop = ServerPoolProperties.getProperties();
+
+            /*
+             * iterate over all of the properties, picking out those
+             * that match the name 'keyword.<CLASS-NAME>.lookup'
+             */
+            for (String name : prop.stringPropertyNames()) {
+                if (name.startsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START)
+                        && name.endsWith(KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END)) {
+                    // this property matches -- locate the '<CLASS-NAME>' part
+                    int beginIndex = KEYWORD_PROPERTY_START.length();
+                    int endIndex = name.length()
+                                   - KEYWORD_PROPERTY_END.length();
+                    if (beginIndex < endIndex) {
+                        // add it to the table
+                        classNameToSequence.put(name.substring(beginIndex, endIndex),
+                            prop.getProperty(name));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return lookupClassByName(classNameToSequence, clazz);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Look for the "best match" for class 'clazz' in the hash table.
+     * First, look for the name of 'clazz' itself, followed by all of
+     * interfaces. If no match is found, repeat with the superclass,
+     * and all the way up the superclass chain.
+     */
+    private static Lookup lookupClassByName(Map<String, String> classNameToSequence,
+        Class<?> clazz) {
+        Class<?> keyClass = null;
+        for (Class<?> cl = clazz ; cl != null ; cl = cl.getSuperclass()) {
+            if (classNameToSequence.containsKey(cl.getName())) {
+                // matches the class
+                keyClass = cl;
+                break;
+            }
+            for (Class<?> intf : cl.getInterfaces()) {
+                if (classNameToSequence.containsKey(intf.getName())) {
+                    // matches one of the interfaces
+                    keyClass = intf;
+                    break;
+                }
+                // interface can have superclass
+                for (Class<?> cla = clazz; cla != null; cla = intf.getSuperclass()) {
+                    if (classNameToSequence.containsKey(cla.getName())) {
+                        // matches the class
+                        keyClass = cla;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (keyClass != null) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (keyClass == null) {
+            // no matching class name found
+            return null;
+        }
+        // we found a matching key in the table -- now, process the values
+        Class<?> currentClass = keyClass;
+
+        /**
+         * there may potentially be a chain of entries if multiple
+         * field and/or method calls are in the sequence -- this is the first
+         */
+        ReflectiveLookup first = null;
+
+        // this is the last entry in the list
+        ReflectiveLookup last = null;
+
+        /**
+         * split the value into segments, where each segment has the form
+         * 'FIELD-NAME' or 'METHOD-NAME()', with an optional ':CONVERSION'
+         * at the end
+         */
+        String sequence = classNameToSequence.get(keyClass.getName());
+        ConversionFunctionLookup conversionFunctionLookup = null;
+        int index = sequence.indexOf(':');
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            // conversion function specified
+            conversionFunctionLookup =
+                new ConversionFunctionLookup(sequence.substring(index + 1));
+            sequence = sequence.substring(0, index);
+        }
+        for (String segment : sequence.split("\\.")) {
+            ReflectiveLookup current = null;
+            ReflectiveOperationException error = null;
+            try {
+                if (segment.endsWith("()")) {
+                    // this segment is a method lookup
+                    current = new MethodLookup(currentClass,
+                        segment.substring(0, segment.length() - 2));
+                } else {
+                    // this segment is a field lookup
+                    current = new FieldLookup(currentClass, segment);
+                }
+            } catch (ReflectiveOperationException e) {
+                // presumably the field or method does not exist in this class
+                error = e;
+            }
+            if (current == null) {
+                logger.error("Keyword.buildReflectiveLookup: build error "
+                             + "(class={},value={},segment={})",
+                             clazz.getName(),
+                             classNameToSequence.get(keyClass.getName()),
+                             segment,
+                             error);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            // if we reach this point, we processed this segment successfully
+            currentClass = current.nextClass();
+            if (first == null) {
+                // the initial segment
+                first = current;
+            } else {
+                // link to the most recently created segment
+                last.next = current;
+            }
+            // update most recently created segment
+            last = current;
+        }
+
+        // add optional conversion function ('null' if it doesn't exist)
+        last.next = conversionFunctionLookup;
+
+        // successful - return the first 'Lookup' instance in the chain
+        return first;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Abstract superclass of 'FieldLookup' and 'MethodLookup'.
+     */
+    private abstract static class ReflectiveLookup implements Lookup {
+        // link to the next 'Lookup' instance in the chain
+        Lookup next = null;
+
+        /**
+         * Return the next 'class' instance.
+         *
+         * @return the class associated with the return value of the
+         *     field or method lookup
+         */
+        abstract Class<?> nextClass();
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to do a field lookup.
+     */
+    private static class FieldLookup extends ReflectiveLookup {
+        // the reflective 'Field' instance associated with this lookup
+        Field field;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         *
+         * @param clazz the 'class' we are doing the field lookup on
+         * @param segment a segment from the property value, which is just the
+         *     field name
+         */
+        FieldLookup(Class<?> clazz, String segment) throws NoSuchFieldException {
+            field = clazz.getField(segment);
+        }
+
+        /********************************/
+        /* 'ReflectiveLookup' interface */
+        /********************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        Class<?> nextClass() {
+            return field.getType();
+        }
+
+        /**********************/
+        /* 'Lookup' interface */
+        /**********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public String getKeyword(Object obj) {
+            try {
+                // do the field lookup
+                Object rval = field.get(obj);
+                if (rval == null) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                // If there is no 'next' entry specified, this value is the
+                // keyword. Otherwise, move on to the next 'Lookup' entry in
+                // the chain.
+                return next == null ? rval.toString() : next.getKeyword(rval);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Keyword.FieldLookup error: field={}",
+                             field, e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to do a method call on the target object.
+     */
+    private static class MethodLookup extends ReflectiveLookup {
+        // the reflective 'Method' instance associated with this lookup
+        Method method;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         *
+         * @param clazz the 'class' we are doing the method lookup on
+         * @param name a method name extracted from a segment from the
+         *     property value, which is the
+         */
+        MethodLookup(Class<?> clazz, String name) throws NoSuchMethodException {
+            method = clazz.getMethod(name);
+        }
+
+        /*==============================*/
+        /* 'ReflectiveLookup' interface */
+        /*==============================*/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        Class<?> nextClass() {
+            return method.getReturnType();
+        }
+
+        /*====================*/
+        /* 'Lookup' interface */
+        /*====================*/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public String getKeyword(Object obj) {
+            try {
+                // do the method call
+                Object rval = method.invoke(obj);
+                if (rval == null) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                // If there is no 'next' entry specified, this value is the
+                // keyword. Otherwise, move on to the next 'Lookup' entry in
+                // the chain.
+                return next == null ? rval.toString() : next.getKeyword(rval);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Keyword.MethodLookup error: method={}",
+                             method, e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /*
+     * Support for named "conversion functions", which take an input keyword,
+     * and return a possibly different keyword derived from it. The initial
+     * need is to take a string which consists of a UUID and a suffix, and
+     * return the base UUID.
+     */
+
+    // used to lookup optional conversion functions
+    private static Map<String, Function<String, String>> conversionFunction =
+        new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    // conversion function 'uuid':
+    // truncate strings to 36 characters(uuid length)
+    static final int UUID_LENGTH = 36;
+
+    static {
+        conversionFunction.put("uuid", new Function<String, String>() {
+            @Override
+            public String apply(String value) {
+                // truncate strings to 36 characters
+                return value != null && value.length() > UUID_LENGTH
+                    ? value.substring(0, UUID_LENGTH) : value;
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a conversion function.
+     *
+     * @param name the conversion function name
+     * @param function the object that does the transformation
+     */
+    public static void addConversionFunction(String name, Function<String, String> function) {
+        conversionFunction.put(name, function);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Apply a named conversion function to a keyword.
+     *
+     * @param inputKeyword this is the keyword extracted from a message or object
+     * @param functionName this is the name of the conversion function to apply
+     *     (if 'null', no conversion is done)
+     * @return the converted keyword
+     */
+    public static String convertKeyword(String inputKeyword, String functionName) {
+        if (functionName == null || inputKeyword == null) {
+            // don't do any conversion -- just return the input keyword
+            return inputKeyword;
+        }
+
+        // look up the function
+        Function<String, String> function = conversionFunction.get(functionName);
+        if (function == null) {
+            logger.error("{}: conversion function not found", functionName);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // call the conversion function, and return the value
+        return function.apply(inputKeyword);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to invoke a conversion function.
+     */
+    @AllArgsConstructor
+    private static class ConversionFunctionLookup implements Lookup {
+        // the conversion function name
+        private final String functionName;
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public String getKeyword(Object obj) {
+            return obj == null ? null : convertKeyword(obj.toString(), functionName);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Leader.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Leader.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9d864bd7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Leader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,573 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class handles the election of the lead server. The lead server
+ * handles bucket assignments, and also is the server running the
+ * 'Discovery' procedure long-term (other servers do run the procedure
+ * until a leader is elected).
+ * Note that everything in this class is run under the 'MainLoop' thread,
+ * with the exception of the invocation and first two statements of the
+ * 'voteData' method.
+ */
+class Leader {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Leader.class);
+
+    // Listener class to handle state changes that may lead to a new election
+    private static EventHandler eventHandler = new EventHandler();
+
+    static {
+        Events.register(eventHandler);
+    }
+
+    // Server currently in the leader roll
+    private static Server leader = null;
+
+    // Vote state machine -- it is null, unless a vote is in progress
+    private static VoteCycle voteCycle = null;
+
+    private static UUID emptyUUID = new UUID(0L, 0L);
+
+    /*==================================================*/
+    /* Some properties extracted at initialization time */
+    /*==================================================*/
+
+    // how many cycles of stability before voting starts
+    private static int stableIdleCycles;
+
+    // how may cycles of stability before declaring a winner
+    private static int stableVotingCycles;
+
+    /**
+     * Invoked at startup, or after some events -- immediately start a new vote.
+     */
+    static void startup() {
+        // fetch some static properties
+        stableIdleCycles = getProperty(LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES,
+                                       DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES);
+        stableVotingCycles = getProperty(LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES,
+                                         DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES);
+
+        startVoting();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * start, or restart voting.
+     */
+    private static void startVoting() {
+        if (voteCycle == null) {
+            voteCycle = new VoteCycle();
+            MainLoop.addBackgroundWork(voteCycle);
+        } else {
+            voteCycle.serverChanged();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the current leader.
+     *
+     * @return the current leader ('null' if none has been selected)
+     */
+    public static Server getLeader() {
+        return leader;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle an incoming /vote REST message.
+     *
+     * @param data base64-encoded data, containing vote data
+     */
+    static void voteData(byte[] data) {
+        // decode base64 data
+        final byte[] packet = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
+
+        MainLoop.queueWork(new Runnable() {
+            /**
+             * This method is running within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                // create the 'VoteCycle' state machine, if needed
+                if (voteCycle == null) {
+                    voteCycle = new VoteCycle();
+                    MainLoop.addBackgroundWork(voteCycle);
+                }
+                try {
+                    // pass data to 'VoteCycle' state machine
+                    voteCycle.packetReceived(packet);
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    logger.error("Exception in 'Leader.voteData", e);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * There is a single instance of this class (Leader.eventHandler), which
+     * is registered to listen for notifications of state transitions. Note
+     * that all of these methods are running within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+     */
+    private static class EventHandler implements Events {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void newServer(Server server) {
+            // a new server has joined -- start/restart the VoteCycle state machine
+            startVoting();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void serverFailed(Server server) {
+            if (server == leader) {
+                // the lead server has failed --
+                // start/restart the VoteCycle state machine
+                leader = null;
+                startVoting();
+
+                // send out a notification that the lead server has failed
+                for (Events listener : Events.getListeners()) {
+                    listener.leaderFailed(server);
+                }
+            } else if (voteCycle != null) {
+                // a vote is in progress -- restart the state machine
+                // (don't do anything if there is no vote in progress)
+                voteCycle.serverChanged();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This is the 'VoteCycle' state machine -- it runs as background work
+     * on the 'MainLoop' thread, and goes away when a leader is elected.
+     */
+    private static class VoteCycle implements Runnable {
+        enum State {
+            // server just started up -- 5 second grace period
+            STARTUP,
+
+            // voting in progress -- changes have occurred in the last cycle
+            VOTING,
+        }
+
+        // maps UUID voted for into the associated data
+        private final TreeMap<UUID, VoteData> uuidToVoteData =
+            new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+        // maps voter UUID into the associated data
+        private final TreeMap<UUID, VoterData> uuidToVoterData =
+            new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+        // sorted list of 'VoteData' (most preferable to least)
+        private final TreeSet<VoteData> voteData = new TreeSet<>();
+
+        // data to send out next cycle
+        private final HashSet<VoterData> updatedVotes = new HashSet<>();
+
+        private State state = State.STARTUP;
+        private int cycleCount = stableIdleCycles;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - if there is no leader, or this server is the leader,
+         * start the 'Discovery' thread.
+         */
+        VoteCycle() {
+            if (leader == null || leader == Server.getThisServer()) {
+                Discovery.startDiscovery();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * A state change has occurred that invalidates any vote in progress --
+         * restart the VoteCycle state machine.
+         */
+        void serverChanged() {
+            // clear all of the tables
+            uuidToVoteData.clear();
+            uuidToVoterData.clear();
+            voteData.clear();
+            updatedVotes.clear();
+
+            // wait for things to stabilize before continuing
+            state = State.STARTUP;
+            cycleCount = stableIdleCycles;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            switch (state) {
+                case STARTUP: {
+                    // 5-second grace period -- wait for things to stablize before
+                    // starting the vote
+                    if ((cycleCount -= 1) <= 0) {
+                        logger.info("VoteCycle: {} seconds have passed",
+                                    stableIdleCycles);
+                        //MainLoop.removeBackgroundWork(this);
+                        updateMyVote();
+                        sendOutUpdates();
+                        state = State.VOTING;
+                        cycleCount = stableVotingCycles;
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                case VOTING: {
+                    // need to be in the VOTING state without any vote changes
+                    // for 5 seconds -- once this happens, the leader is chosen
+                    if (sendOutUpdates()) {
+                        // changes have occurred -- set the grace period to 5 seconds
+                        cycleCount = stableVotingCycles;
+                    } else if ((cycleCount -= 1) <= 0) {
+                        // 5 second grace period has passed -- the leader is one with
+                        // the most votes, which is the first entry in 'voteData'
+                        Server oldLeader = leader;
+                        leader = Server.getServer(voteData.first().uuid);
+                        if (leader != oldLeader) {
+                            // the leader has changed -- send out notifications
+                            for (Events listener : Events.getListeners()) {
+                                listener.newLeader(leader);
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            // the election is over, and the leader has been confirmed
+                            for (Events listener : Events.getListeners()) {
+                                listener.leaderConfirmed(leader);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        if (leader == Server.getThisServer()) {
+                            // this is the lead server --
+                            // make sure the 'Discovery' threads are running
+                            Discovery.startDiscovery();
+                        } else {
+                            // this is not the lead server -- stop 'Discovery' threads
+                            Discovery.stopDiscovery();
+                        }
+
+                        // we are done with voting -- clean up, and report results
+                        MainLoop.removeBackgroundWork(this);
+                        voteCycle = null;
+
+                        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+                        PrintStream out = new PrintStream(bos);
+
+                        out.println("Voting results:");
+
+                        // x(36) xxxxx x(36)
+                        // UUID  Votes Voter
+                        String format = "%-36s %5s %-36s\n";
+                        out.format(format, "UUID", "Votes", "Voter(s)");
+                        out.format(format, "----", "-----", "--------");
+
+                        for (VoteData vote : voteData) {
+                            if (vote.voters.isEmpty()) {
+                                out.format(format, vote.uuid, 0, "");
+                            } else {
+                                boolean headerNeeded = true;
+                                for (VoterData voter : vote.voters) {
+                                    if (headerNeeded) {
+                                        out.format(format, vote.uuid,
+                                                   vote.voters.size(), voter.uuid);
+                                        headerNeeded = false;
+                                    } else {
+                                        out.format(format, "", "", voter.uuid);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        logger.info(bos.toString());
+                    }
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    logger.error("Unknown state: {}", state);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Process an incoming /vote REST message.
+         *
+         * @param packet vote data, containing one or more votes
+         */
+        private void packetReceived(byte[] packet) throws IOException {
+            DataInputStream dis =
+                new DataInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(packet));
+
+            while (dis.available() != 0) {
+                // message is a series of:
+                // 16-bytes voter UUID
+                // 16-bytes vote UUID
+                // 8-bytes timestamp
+                long tmp = dis.readLong(); // most significant bits
+                UUID voter = new UUID(tmp, dis.readLong());
+
+                tmp = dis.readLong();
+                UUID vote = new UUID(tmp, dis.readLong());
+
+                long timestamp = dis.readLong();
+
+                // process the single vote
+                processVote(voter, vote, timestamp);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Process a single incoming vote.
+         *
+         * @param UUID voter the UUID of the Server making this vote
+         * @param UUID vote the UUID of the Server that 'voter' voted for
+         * @param timestamp the time when the vote was made
+         */
+        private void processVote(UUID voter, UUID vote, long timestamp) {
+            // fetch old data for this voter
+            VoterData voterData = uuidToVoterData.computeIfAbsent(voter,
+                (key) -> new VoterData(voter, timestamp));
+            if (timestamp >= voterData.timestamp) {
+                // this is a new vote for this voter -- update the timestamp
+                voterData.timestamp = timestamp;
+            } else {
+                // already processed vote, and it may even be obsolete
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // fetch the old vote, if any, for this voter
+            VoteData oldVoteData = voterData.vote;
+            VoteData newVoteData = null;
+
+            if (vote != null) {
+                newVoteData = uuidToVoteData.computeIfAbsent(vote, (key) -> new VoteData(vote));
+            }
+
+            if (oldVoteData != newVoteData) {
+                // the vote has changed -- update the 'voterData' entry,
+                // and include this in the next set of outgoing messages
+                logger.info("{} voting for {}", voter, vote);
+                voterData.vote = newVoteData;
+                updatedVotes.add(voterData);
+
+                if (oldVoteData != null) {
+                    // remove the old vote data
+                    voteData.remove(oldVoteData);
+                    oldVoteData.voters.remove(voterData);
+                    if (oldVoteData.voters.isEmpty()) {
+                        // no voters left -- remove the entry
+                        uuidToVoteData.remove(oldVoteData.uuid);
+                    } else {
+                        // reinsert in a new position
+                        voteData.add(oldVoteData);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (newVoteData != null) {
+                    // update the new vote data
+                    voteData.remove(newVoteData);
+                    newVoteData.voters.add(voterData);
+                    voteData.add(newVoteData);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * If any updates have occurred, send then out to all servers on
+         * the "notify list".
+         *
+         * @return 'true' if one or more votes have changed, 'false' if not
+         */
+        private boolean sendOutUpdates() {
+            try {
+                if (updatedVotes.isEmpty()) {
+                    // no changes to send out
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                // possibly change vote based on current information
+                updateMyVote();
+
+                // generate message to send out
+                ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+                DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+
+                // go through all of the updated votes
+                for (VoterData voterData : updatedVotes) {
+                    // voter UUID
+                    dos.writeLong(voterData.uuid.getMostSignificantBits());
+                    dos.writeLong(voterData.uuid.getLeastSignificantBits());
+
+                    // vote UUID
+                    UUID vote =
+                        (voterData.vote == null ? emptyUUID : voterData.vote.uuid);
+                    dos.writeLong(vote.getMostSignificantBits());
+                    dos.writeLong(vote.getLeastSignificantBits());
+
+                    // timestamp
+                    dos.writeLong(voterData.timestamp);
+                }
+                updatedVotes.clear();
+
+                // create an 'Entity' that can be sent out to all hosts
+                Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(
+                    new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bos.toByteArray()), StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                    MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+
+                // send out to all servers on the notify list
+                for (Server server : Server.getNotifyList()) {
+                    server.post("vote", entity);
+                }
+                return true;
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in VoteCycle.sendOutUpdates", e);
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * (Possibly) change this servers vote, based upon votes of other voters.
+         */
+        private void updateMyVote() {
+            UUID myVote = null;
+
+            if (uuidToVoterData.size() * 2 < Server.getServerCount()) {
+                // fewer than half of the nodes have voted
+                if (leader != null) {
+                    // choose the current leader
+                    myVote = leader.getUuid();
+                } else {
+                    // choose the first entry in the servers list
+                    myVote = Server.getFirstServer().getUuid();
+                }
+            } else {
+                // choose the first entry we know about
+                for (VoteData vote : voteData) {
+                    if (Server.getServer(vote.uuid) != null) {
+                        myVote = vote.uuid;
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if (myVote != null) {
+                // update the vote for this host, and include it in the list
+                processVote(Server.getThisServer().getUuid(), myVote,
+                            System.currentTimeMillis());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class corresponds to a single vote recipient --
+     * the Server being voted for.
+     */
+    private static class VoteData implements Comparable<VoteData> {
+        // uuid voted for
+        private UUID uuid;
+
+        // the set of all voters that voted for this server
+        private HashSet<VoterData> voters = new HashSet<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor -- set the UUID.
+         */
+        VoteData(UUID uuid) {
+            this.uuid = uuid;
+        }
+
+        /*================================*/
+        /* Comparable<VoteData> interface */
+        /*================================*/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int compareTo(VoteData other) {
+            // favor highest vote count
+            // in case of a tie, compare UUIDs (favor smallest)
+
+            int rval = other.voters.size() - voters.size();
+            if (rval == 0) {
+                // vote counts equal -- favor the smaller UUID
+                rval = Util.uuidComparator.compare(uuid, other.uuid);
+            }
+            return rval;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class corresponds to the vote of a single server.
+     */
+    private static class VoterData {
+        // voter UUID
+        private UUID uuid;
+
+        // most recently cast vote from this voter
+        private VoteData vote = null;
+
+        // time when the vote was cast
+        private long timestamp = 0;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - store the UUID and timestamp.
+         */
+        private VoterData(UUID uuid, long timestamp) {
+            this.uuid = uuid;
+            this.timestamp = timestamp;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/MainLoop.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/MainLoop.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1ed7ecb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/MainLoop.java
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_MAINLOOP_CYCLE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.MAINLOOP_CYCLE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a single thread that is used for 'Server' and 'Bucket'
+ * updates. This simplifies things because it greatly reduces the need for
+ * synchronization within these classes.
+ */
+class MainLoop extends Thread {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MainLoop.class);
+
+    // this queue is used to send work to the 'MainLoop' thread, for things
+    // like processing incoming messages
+    private static LinkedTransferQueue<Runnable> incomingWork =
+        new LinkedTransferQueue<>();
+
+    // this is used for work that should be invoked every cycle
+    private static ConcurrentLinkedQueue<Runnable> backgroundWork =
+        new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();
+
+    // this is the 'MainLoop' thread
+    private static volatile MainLoop mainLoop = null;
+
+    // main loop cycle time
+    private static long cycleTime;
+
+    /**
+     * If it isn't already running, start the 'MainLoop' thread.
+     */
+    public static synchronized void startThread() {
+        cycleTime = getProperty(MAINLOOP_CYCLE, DEFAULT_MAINLOOP_CYCLE);
+        if (mainLoop == null) {
+            mainLoop = new MainLoop();
+            mainLoop.start();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If it is currently running, stop the 'MainLoop' thread.
+     */
+    public static synchronized void stopThread() {
+        // this won't be immediate, but the thread should discover it shortly
+        MainLoop saveMainLoop = mainLoop;
+
+        mainLoop = null;
+        if (saveMainLoop != null) {
+            saveMainLoop.interrupt();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add some work to the 'incomingWork' queue -- this runs once, and is
+     * automatically removed from the queue.
+     *
+     * @param work this is the Runnable to invoke
+     */
+    public static void queueWork(Runnable work) {
+        incomingWork.offer(work);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add some work to the 'backgroundWork' queue -- this runs every cycle,
+     * until it is manually removed.
+     *
+     * @param work this is the Runnable to invoke every cycle
+     */
+    public static void addBackgroundWork(Runnable work) {
+        // if it is already here, remove it first
+        backgroundWork.remove(work);
+
+        // add to the end of the queue
+        backgroundWork.add(work);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove work from the 'backgroundWork' queue.
+     *
+     * @param work this is the Runnable to remove from the queue
+     * @return true if the background work was found, and removed
+     */
+    public static boolean removeBackgroundWork(Runnable work) {
+        return backgroundWork.remove(work);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     */
+    private MainLoop() {
+        super("Main Administrative Loop");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is the main processing loop for "administrative" messages, which
+     * manage 'Server' states.
+     * 1) Process incoming messages (other threads are reading in and queueing
+     *    the messages), making note of information that should forwarded to
+     *    other servers.
+     * 2) Send out updates to all servers on the 'notify' list
+     * 3) Go through list of all 'Server' entries, and see which ones have
+     *    taken too long to respond -- those are treated as 'failed'
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        while (this == mainLoop) {
+            try {
+                // the following reads in messages over a period of 1 second
+                handleIncomingWork();
+
+                // send out notifications to other hosts
+                Server.sendOutData();
+
+                // search for hosts which have taken too long to respond
+                Server.searchForFailedServers();
+
+                // work that runs every cycle
+                for (Runnable work : backgroundWork) {
+                    try {
+                        work.run();
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        logger.error("Exception in MainLoop background work", e);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in MainLoop", e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Poll for and process incoming messages for up to 1 second.
+     */
+    static void handleIncomingWork() throws InterruptedException {
+        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();;
+        long wakeUpTime = currentTime + cycleTime;
+        long timeDiff;
+
+        // receive incoming messages
+        while ((timeDiff = wakeUpTime - currentTime) > 0) {
+            try {
+                Runnable work =
+                    incomingWork.poll(timeDiff, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+                if (work == null) {
+                    // timeout -- we are done processing messages for now
+                    return;
+                }
+                work.run();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                logger.error("Interrupted in MainLoop");
+                throw(e);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in MainLoop incoming work", e);
+            }
+            currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/RestServerPool.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/RestServerPool.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1c4cc7ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/RestServerPool.java
@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import io.swagger.annotations.Api;
+import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
+import io.swagger.annotations.Info;
+import io.swagger.annotations.SwaggerDefinition;
+import io.swagger.annotations.Tag;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
+import javax.ws.rs.GET;
+import javax.ws.rs.POST;
+import javax.ws.rs.Path;
+import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
+import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Bucket;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.FeatureServerPool;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Leader;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Server;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.TargetLock;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class contains methods for processing incoming REST messages.
+ */
+
+@Path("/")
+@Api
+@SwaggerDefinition(
+    info = @Info(
+        description = "PDP-D Server Pool Telemetry Service",
+        version = "v1.0",
+        title = "PDP-D Server Pool Telemetry"
+    ),
+    consumes = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON},
+    produces = {MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN},
+    schemes = {SwaggerDefinition.Scheme.HTTP},
+    tags = {
+        @Tag(name = "pdp-d-server-pool-telemetry", description = "Drools PDP Server Pool Telemetry Operations")
+    }
+    )
+public class RestServerPool {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RestServerPool.class);
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/test' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/test")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /test request",
+            notes = "Provides an acknowledge message back to requestor",
+            response = String.class
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String test() {
+        return "RestServerPool.test()";
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/admin' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/admin")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /admin request",
+            notes = "This rest call decodes incoming admin message (base-64-encoded) and "
+            + "send to main thread for processing"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public void adminRequest(byte[] data) {
+        Server.adminRequest(data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/vote' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/vote")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /vote request",
+            notes = "The request data containing voter and vote data to be processed"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public void voteData(byte[] data) {
+        Leader.voteData(data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/bucket/update' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/bucket/update")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /bucket/update request",
+            notes = "The request data include owner, state, primaryBackup and secondaryBackup"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public void updateBucket(byte[] data) {
+        Bucket.updateBucket(data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/bucket/topic' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/bucket/topic")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /bucket/topic request",
+            notes = "Forward an incoming topic message from a remote host, the request data include "
+            + "bucketNumber the bucket number calculated on the remote host, keyword the keyword "
+            + "associated with the message, controllerName the controller the message was directed to "
+            + "on the remote host, protocol String value of the topic value (UEB, DMAAP, NOOP, or REST "
+            + "-- NOOP and REST shouldn't be used here), topic the UEB/DMAAP topic name, event this is "
+            + "the JSON message"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+    public void topicMessage(@QueryParam("bucket") Integer bucket,
+                             @QueryParam("keyword") String keyword,
+                             @QueryParam("controller") String controllerName,
+                             @QueryParam("protocol") String protocol,
+                             @QueryParam("topic") String topic,
+                             String event) {
+        FeatureServerPool.topicMessage(bucket, keyword, controllerName, protocol, topic, event);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/bucket/sessionData' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/bucket/sessionData")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /bucket/sessionData request",
+            notes = "A message is received from the old owner of the bucket and send to new owner, "
+            + "the request data include bucketNumber the bucket number, dest the UUID of the intended "
+            + "destination, ttl controls the number of hops the message may take, data serialized data "
+            + "associated with this bucket, encoded using base64"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public void sessionData(@QueryParam("bucket") Integer bucket,
+                            @QueryParam("dest") UUID dest,
+                            @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl,
+                            byte[] data) {
+        Bucket.sessionData(bucket, dest, ttl, data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/session/insertDrools' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/session/insertDrools")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /session/insertDrools request",
+            notes = "An incoming /session/insertDrools message was received, the request data include "
+            + "keyword the keyword associated with the incoming object, sessionName encoded session name "
+            + "(groupId:artifactId:droolsSession), bucket the bucket associated with keyword, "
+            + "ttl controls the number of hops the message may take, data base64-encoded serialized data "
+            + "for the object"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public void insertDrools(@QueryParam("keyword") String keyword,
+                             @QueryParam("session") String sessionName,
+                             @QueryParam("bucket") int bucket,
+                             @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl,
+                             byte[] data) {
+        FeatureServerPool.incomingInsertDrools(keyword, sessionName, bucket, ttl, data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/lock' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/lock/lock")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /lock/lock request",
+            notes = "An incoming /lock/lock REST message is received, the request data include "
+            + "key string identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket owned by the current host, "
+            + "ownerKey string key identifying the owner, uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies "
+            + "the original 'TargetLock', waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already "
+            + "locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail, ttl controls the number "
+            + "of hops the message may take, the response is the message should be passed back to the "
+            + "requestor"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public Response lock(@QueryParam("key") String key,
+                         @QueryParam("owner") String keyOwner,
+                         @QueryParam("uuid") UUID uuid,
+                         @QueryParam("wait") boolean waitForLock,
+                         @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl) {
+        return TargetLock.incomingLock(key, keyOwner, uuid, waitForLock, ttl);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/free' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/lock/free")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /lock/free request",
+            notes = "An incoming /lock/free REST message is received, the request data include "
+            + "key string identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket owned by the current host, "
+            + "ownerKey string key identifying the owner, uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies "
+            + "the original 'TargetLock', ttl controls the number of hops the message may take, "
+            + "the response is the message should be passed back to the requestor"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public Response free(@QueryParam("key") String key,
+                         @QueryParam("owner") String keyOwner,
+                         @QueryParam("uuid") UUID uuid,
+                         @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl) {
+        return TargetLock.incomingFree(key, keyOwner, uuid, ttl);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/locked' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/lock/locked")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /lock/locked request, (this is a callback to an earlier "
+            + "requestor that the lock is now available)",
+            notes = "An incoming /lock/locked REST message is received, the request data include "
+            + "key string key identifying the lock, ownerKey string key identifying the owner "
+            + "which must hash to a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID') "
+            + "uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock', ttl controls the "
+            + "number of hops the message may take, the response is the message should be passed back "
+            + "to the requestor"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public Response locked(@QueryParam("key") String key,
+                           @QueryParam("owner") String keyOwner,
+                           @QueryParam("uuid") UUID uuid,
+                           @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl) {
+        return TargetLock.incomingLocked(key, keyOwner, uuid, ttl);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/audit' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/lock/audit")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /lock/audit request",
+            notes = "An incoming /lock/audit REST message is received, the request data include "
+            + "serverUuid the UUID of the intended destination server, ttl controls the number of hops, "
+            + "encodedData base64-encoded data, containing a serialized 'AuditData' instance "
+            + "the response is a serialized and base64-encoded 'AuditData'"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public byte[] lockAudit(@QueryParam("server") UUID server,
+                            @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl,
+                            byte[] data) {
+        return TargetLock.Audit.incomingAudit(server, ttl, data);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/cmd/dumpHosts' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/dumpHosts")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/dumpHosts request",
+            notes = "Dump out the current 'servers' table in a human-readable table form"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String dumpHosts() {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Server.dumpHosts(new PrintStream(bos, true));
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/cmd/dumpBuckets' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/dumpBuckets")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/dumpBuckets request",
+            notes = "Dump out buckets information in a human-readable form"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String dumpBuckets() {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Bucket.dumpBuckets(new PrintStream(bos, true));
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/cmd/ping' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/ping")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/ping request",
+            notes = "Send information about 'thisServer' to the list of hosts"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String ping(@QueryParam("hosts") String hosts) {
+        logger.info("Running '/cmd/ping', hosts={}", hosts);
+
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Server.pingHosts(new PrintStream(bos, true), hosts);
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/cmd/bucketMessage' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/bucketMessage")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/bucketMessage request",
+            notes = "This is only used for testing the routing of messages between servers"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String bucketMessage(@QueryParam("keyword") String keyword,
+                                @QueryParam("message") String message)
+        throws IOException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Bucket.bucketMessage(new PrintStream(bos, true), keyword, message);
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/bucket/bucketResponse' REST call.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/bucket/bucketResponse")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/bucketResponse request",
+            notes = "This runs on the destination host, and is the continuation of an operation "
+            + "triggered by the /cmd/bucketMessage REST message running on the originating host"
+            )
+    @Consumes(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String bucketResponse(@QueryParam("bucket") Integer bucket,
+                                 @QueryParam("keyword") String keyword,
+                                 byte[] data) {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Bucket.bucketResponse(new PrintStream(bos, true), bucket, keyword, data);
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/moveBucket' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/moveBucket")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/moveBucket request",
+            notes = "This is only used for testing bucket migration. It only works on the lead server"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String moveBucket(@QueryParam("bucket") Integer bucketNumber,
+                             @QueryParam("host") String newHost) {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Bucket.moveBucket(new PrintStream(bos, true), bucketNumber, newHost);
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/dumpBucketAdjuncts' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/dumpBucketAdjuncts")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/dumpBucketAdjuncts request",
+            notes = "Dump out all buckets with adjuncts"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String dumpBucketAdjuncts() {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        Bucket.dumpAdjuncts(new PrintStream(bos, true));
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/dumpLocks' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/cmd/dumpLocks")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/dumpLocks request",
+            notes = "Dump out locks info, detail 'true' provides additional bucket and host information"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    public String dumpLocks(@QueryParam("detail") boolean detail)
+        throws IOException, InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        TargetLock.DumpLocks.dumpLocks(new PrintStream(bos, true), detail);
+        return bos.toString(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Handle the '/lock/dumpLocksData' REST call.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/lock/dumpLocksData")
+    @ApiOperation(
+            value = "Perform an incoming /cmd/dumpLocksData request",
+            notes = "Generate a byte stream containing serialized 'HostData'"
+            )
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+    public String dumpLocksData(@QueryParam("server") UUID server,
+                                @QueryParam("ttl") int ttl) throws IOException {
+        return new String(TargetLock.DumpLocks.dumpLocksData(server, ttl), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Server.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Server.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..52e3d2dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Server.java
@@ -0,0 +1,1352 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_HTTPS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.HOST_LIST;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_HTTPS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_PORT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SITE_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.SITE_PORT;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.security.KeyManagementException;
+import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.TreeSet;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
+import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.ws.rs.ProcessingException;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.WebTarget;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ServerConnector;
+import org.glassfish.jersey.client.ClientProperties;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.bus.internal.BusTopicParams;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.http.client.HttpClient;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.http.client.HttpClientConfigException;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.http.client.HttpClientFactoryInstance;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.http.server.HttpServletServer;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.http.server.HttpServletServerFactoryInstance;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyEngineConstants;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.utils.PropertyUtil;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class Server implements Comparable<Server> {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Server.class);
+
+    // maps UUID to Server object for all known servers
+    private static TreeMap<UUID, Server> servers =
+        new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+    // maps UUID to Server object for all failed servers
+    // (so they aren't accidentally restored, due to updates from other hosts)
+    private static TreeMap<UUID, Server> failedServers =
+        new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+    // subset of servers to be notified (null means it needs to be rebuilt)
+    private static LinkedList<Server> notifyList = null;
+
+    // data to be sent out to notify list
+    private static TreeSet<Server> updatedList = new TreeSet<>();
+
+    // the server associated with the current host
+    private static Server thisServer = null;
+
+    // the current REST server
+    private static HttpServletServer restServer;
+
+    // incoming packets from HTTP
+    private static LinkedTransferQueue<byte[]> incomingPackets =
+        new LinkedTransferQueue<>();
+
+    /*==================================================*/
+    /* Some properties extracted at initialization time */
+    /*==================================================*/
+
+    // initial value of gap to allow between pings
+    private static long initialAllowedGap;
+
+    // used in adaptive calculation of allowed gap between pings
+    private static long adaptiveGapAdjust;
+
+    // time to allow for TCP connect (long)
+    private static String connectTimeout;
+
+    // time to allow before TCP read timeout (long)
+    private static String readTimeout;
+
+    // outgoing per-server thread pool parameters
+    private static int corePoolSize;
+    private static int maximumPoolSize;
+    private static long keepAliveTime;
+
+    // https-related parameters
+    private static boolean useHttps;
+    private static boolean useSelfSignedCertificates;
+
+    // list of remote host names
+    private static String[] hostList = new String[0];
+
+    /*=========================================================*/
+    /* Fields included in every 'ping' message between servers */
+    /*=========================================================*/
+
+    // unique id for this server
+    private UUID uuid;
+
+    // counter periodically incremented to indicate the server is "alive"
+    private int count;
+
+    // 16 byte MD5 checksum over additional data that is NOT included in
+    // every 'ping' message -- used to determine whether the data is up-to-date
+    private byte[] checksum;
+
+    /*========================================================================*/
+    /* The following data is included in the checksum, and doesn't change too */
+    /* frequently (some fields may change as servers go up and down)          */
+    /*========================================================================*/
+
+    // IP address and port of listener
+    private InetSocketAddress socketAddress;
+
+    // site IP address and port
+    private InetSocketAddress siteSocketAddress = null;
+
+    /*============================================*/
+    /* Local information not included in checksum */
+    /*============================================*/
+
+    // destination socket information
+    private InetSocketAddress destSocketAddress;
+    private String destName;
+
+    // REST client fields
+    private HttpClient client;
+    private WebTarget target;
+    private ThreadPoolExecutor sendThreadPool = null;
+
+    // time when the 'count' field was last updated
+    private long lastUpdateTime;
+
+    // calculated field indicating the maximum time between updates
+    private long allowedGap = initialAllowedGap;
+
+    // indicates whether the 'Server' instance is active or not (synchronized)
+    private boolean active = true;
+
+    /*
+     * Tags for encoding of server data
+     */
+    static final int END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG = 0;
+    static final int SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG = 1;
+    static final int SITE_SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG = 2;
+
+    /*==============================*/
+    /* Comparable<Server> interface */
+    /*==============================*/
+
+    /**
+     * Compare this instance to another one by comparing the 'uuid' field.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int compareTo(Server other) {
+        return Util.uuidComparator.compare(uuid, other.uuid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, and is used as the main
+     * entry point when testing.
+     *
+     * @param args arguments contaning an '=' character are intepreted as
+     *     a property, other arguments are presumed to be a property file.
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
+        Properties prop = new Properties();
+
+        for (String arg : args) {
+            // arguments with an '=' in them are a property definition;
+            // otherwise, they are a properties file name
+
+            if (arg.contains("=")) {
+                prop.load(new StringReader(arg));
+            } else {
+                prop.putAll(PropertyUtil.getProperties(arg));
+            }
+        }
+
+        String rval = startup(prop);
+        if (rval != null) {
+            logger.error("Server.startup failed: {}", rval);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, and performs initialization.
+     *
+     * @param propertiesFile the name of a property file
+     */
+    public static String startup(String propertiesFile) {
+        Properties properties;
+        try {
+            properties = PropertyUtil.getProperties(propertiesFile);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            logger.error("Server.startup: exception reading properties", e);
+            properties = new Properties();
+        }
+        return startup(properties);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, and performs initialization.
+     *
+     * @param properties contains properties used by the server
+     */
+    public static String startup(Properties properties) {
+        ServerPoolProperties.setProperties(properties);
+        logger.info("startup: properties={}", properties);
+
+        // fetch some static properties
+        initialAllowedGap = getProperty(SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP,
+                                        DEFAULT_SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP);
+        adaptiveGapAdjust = getProperty(SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST,
+                                        DEFAULT_SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST);
+        connectTimeout =
+            String.valueOf(getProperty(SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT,
+                                       DEFAULT_SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT));
+        readTimeout = String.valueOf(getProperty(SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT,
+                                     DEFAULT_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT));
+        corePoolSize = getProperty(SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE,
+                                   DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE);
+        maximumPoolSize = getProperty(SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE,
+                                      DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE);
+        keepAliveTime = getProperty(SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME,
+                                    DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME);
+        useHttps = getProperty(SERVER_HTTPS, DEFAULT_HTTPS);
+        useSelfSignedCertificates = getProperty(SERVER_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES,
+                                                DEFAULT_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES);
+        String hostListNames = getProperty(HOST_LIST, null);
+        if (hostListNames != null) {
+            hostList = hostListNames.split(",");
+        }
+
+        String possibleError = null;
+        try {
+            // fetch server information
+            String ipAddressString =
+                getProperty(SERVER_IP_ADDRESS, DEFAULT_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS);
+            int port = getProperty(SERVER_PORT, DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT);
+
+            possibleError = "Unknown Host: " + ipAddressString;
+            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName(ipAddressString);
+            InetSocketAddress socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(address, port);
+
+            restServer = HttpServletServerFactoryInstance.getServerFactory().build(
+                         "SERVER-POOL",                              // name
+                         useHttps,                                   // https
+                         socketAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress(),// host (maybe 0.0.0.0)
+                         port,                                       // port (can no longer be 0)
+                         null,                                       // contextPath
+                         false,                                      // swagger
+                         false);                                     // managed
+            restServer.addServletClass(null, RestServerPool.class.getName());
+
+            // add any additional servlets
+            for (ServerPoolApi feature : ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()) {
+                Collection<Class<?>> classes = feature.servletClasses();
+                if (classes != null) {
+                    for (Class<?> clazz : classes) {
+                        restServer.addServletClass(null, clazz.getName());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // we may not know the port until after the server is started
+            restServer.start();
+
+            // determine the address to use
+            if (DEFAULT_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS.contentEquals(address.getHostAddress())) {
+                address = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
+            }
+
+            thisServer = new Server(new InetSocketAddress(address, port));
+
+            // TBD: is this really appropriate?
+            thisServer.newServer();
+
+            // start background thread
+            MainLoop.startThread();
+            MainLoop.queueWork(new Runnable() {
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    // run this in the 'MainLoop' thread
+                    Leader.startup();
+                    Bucket.startup();
+                }
+            });
+            logger.info("Listening on port {}", port);
+
+            return null;
+        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+            logger.error("Server.startup: exception start server", e);
+            if (possibleError == null) {
+                possibleError = e.toString();
+            }
+            return possibleError;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shut down all threads associate with server pool.
+     */
+    public static void shutdown() {
+        Discovery.stopDiscovery();
+        MainLoop.stopThread();
+        TargetLock.shutdown();
+        Util.shutdown();
+
+        HashSet<Server> allServers = new HashSet<>();
+        allServers.addAll(servers.values());
+        allServers.addAll(failedServers.values());
+
+        for (Server server : allServers) {
+            if (server.sendThreadPool != null) {
+                server.sendThreadPool.shutdown();
+            }
+        }
+        if (restServer != null) {
+            restServer.shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the Server instance associated with the current host.
+     *
+     * @return the Server instance associated with the current host
+     */
+    public static Server getThisServer() {
+        return thisServer;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the first Server instance in the 'servers' list.
+     *
+     * @return the first Server instance in the 'servers' list
+     *     (the one with the lowest UUID)
+     */
+    public static Server getFirstServer() {
+        return servers.firstEntry().getValue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lookup a Server instance associated with a UUID.
+     *
+     * @param uuid the key to the lookup
+     @ @return the associated 'Server' instance, or 'null' if none
+     */
+    public static Server getServer(UUID uuid) {
+        return servers.get(uuid);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return a count of the number of servers.
+     *
+     * @return a count of the number of servers
+     */
+    public static int getServerCount() {
+        return servers.size();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the complete list of servers.
+     *
+     * @return the complete list of servers
+     */
+    public static Collection<Server> getServers() {
+        return servers.values();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is invoked from the 'startup' thread, and creates a new
+     * 'Server' instance for the current server.
+     *
+     * @param socketAddress the IP address and port the listener is bound to
+     */
+    private Server(InetSocketAddress socketAddress) {
+        this.uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
+        this.count = 1;
+        this.socketAddress = socketAddress;
+        this.lastUpdateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        // site information
+
+        String siteIp = getProperty(SITE_IP_ADDRESS, null);
+        int sitePort = getProperty(SITE_PORT, 0);
+        if (siteIp != null && sitePort != 0) {
+            // we do have site information specified
+            try {
+                siteSocketAddress = new InetSocketAddress(siteIp, sitePort);
+                if (siteSocketAddress.getAddress() == null) {
+                    logger.error("Couldn't resolve site address: {}", siteIp);
+                    siteSocketAddress = null;
+                }
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                logger.error("Illegal 'siteSocketAddress'", e);
+                siteSocketAddress = null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TBD: calculate checksum
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initialize a 'Server' instance from a 'DataInputStream'. If it is new,
+     * it may get inserted in the table. If it is an update, fields in an
+     * existing 'Server' may be updated.
+     *
+     * @param is the 'DataInputStream'
+     */
+    Server(DataInputStream is) throws IOException {
+        // read in 16 byte UUID
+        uuid = Util.readUuid(is);
+
+        // read in 4 byte counter value
+        count = is.readInt();
+
+        // read in 16 byte MD5 checksum
+        checksum = new byte[16];
+        is.readFully(checksum);
+
+        // optional parameters
+        int tag;
+        while ((tag = is.readUnsignedByte()) != END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG) {
+            switch (tag) {
+                case SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG: {
+                    socketAddress = readSocketAddress(is);
+                    break;
+                }
+                case SITE_SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG: {
+                    siteSocketAddress = readSocketAddress(is);
+                    break;
+                }
+                default:
+                    // ignore tag
+                    logger.error("Illegal tag: {}", tag);
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read an 'InetSocketAddress' from a 'DataInputStream'.
+     *
+     * @param is the 'DataInputStream'
+     * @return the 'InetSocketAddress'
+     */
+    private static InetSocketAddress readSocketAddress(DataInputStream is)
+        throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
+
+        byte[] ipAddress = new byte[4];
+        is.read(ipAddress, 0, 4);
+        int port = is.readUnsignedShort();
+        return new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getByAddress(ipAddress), port);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "Server[" + uuid + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the UUID associated with this Server.
+     *
+     * @return the UUID associated with this Server
+     */
+    public UUID getUuid() {
+        return uuid;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the external InetSocketAddress of the site.
+     *
+     * @return the external InetSocketAddress of the site
+     *     ('null' if it doesn't exist)
+     */
+    public InetSocketAddress getSiteSocketAddress() {
+        return siteSocketAddress;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be called from any thread.
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the this server is active, and 'false' if not
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean isActive() {
+        return active;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method writes out the data associated with the current Server
+     * instance.
+     *
+     * @param os outout stream that should receive the data
+     */
+    void writeServerData(DataOutputStream os) throws IOException {
+        // write out 16 byte UUID
+        Util.writeUuid(os, uuid);
+
+        // write out 4 byte counter value
+        os.writeInt(count);
+
+        // write out 16 byte MD5 checksum
+        // TBD: should this be implemented?
+        os.write(checksum == null ? new byte[16] : checksum);
+
+        if (socketAddress != null) {
+            // write out socket address
+            os.writeByte(SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG);
+            os.write(socketAddress.getAddress().getAddress(), 0, 4);
+            os.writeShort(socketAddress.getPort());
+        }
+
+        if (siteSocketAddress != null) {
+            // write out socket address
+            os.writeByte(SITE_SOCKET_ADDRESS_TAG);
+            os.write(siteSocketAddress.getAddress().getAddress(), 0, 4);
+            os.writeShort(siteSocketAddress.getPort());
+        }
+
+        os.writeByte(END_OF_PARAMETERS_TAG);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Do any processing needed to create a new server. This method is invoked
+     * from the 'MainLoop' thread in every case except for the current server,
+     * in which case it is invoked in 'startup' prior to creating 'MainLoop'.
+     */
+    private void newServer() {
+        Server failed = failedServers.get(uuid);
+        if (failed != null) {
+            // this one is on the failed list -- see if the counter has advanced
+            if ((count - failed.count) <= 0) {
+                // the counter has not advanced -- ignore
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // the counter has advanced -- somehow, this server has returned
+            failedServers.remove(uuid);
+            synchronized (this) {
+                active = true;
+            }
+            logger.error("Server reawakened: {} ({})", uuid, socketAddress);
+        }
+
+        lastUpdateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        servers.put(uuid, this);
+        updatedList.add(this);
+
+        // notify list will need to be rebuilt
+        notifyList = null;
+
+        if (socketAddress != null && this != thisServer) {
+            // initialize 'client' and 'target' fields
+            if (siteSocketAddress != null
+                    && !siteSocketAddress.equals(thisServer.siteSocketAddress)) {
+                // destination is on a remote site
+                destSocketAddress = siteSocketAddress;
+            } else {
+                // destination is on the local site -- use direct addressing
+                destSocketAddress = socketAddress;
+            }
+            destName = socketAddressToName(destSocketAddress);
+            try {
+                // 'client' is used for REST messages to the destination
+                client = buildClient(uuid.toString(), destSocketAddress, destName);
+
+                // initialize the 'target' field
+                target = getTarget(client);
+            } catch (KeyManagementException | NoSuchAlgorithmException
+                         | NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException
+                         | ClassNotFoundException | HttpClientConfigException e) {
+                logger.error("Server.newServer: problems creating 'client'", e);
+            }
+        }
+        logger.info("New server: {} ({})", uuid, socketAddress);
+        for (Events listener : Events.getListeners()) {
+            listener.newServer(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check the server state in response to some issue. At present, only the
+     * 'destName' information is checked.
+     */
+    private void checkServer() {
+        // recalculate 'destName' (we have seen DNS issues)
+        String newDestName = socketAddressToName(destSocketAddress);
+        if (newDestName.equals(destName)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        logger.warn("Remote host name for {} has changed from {} to {}",
+                    destSocketAddress, destName, newDestName);
+
+        // shut down old client, and rebuild
+        client.shutdown();
+        client = null;
+        target = null;
+
+        // update 'destName', and rebuild the client
+        destName = newDestName;
+        try {
+            // 'client' is used for REST messages to the destination
+            client = buildClient(uuid.toString(), destSocketAddress, destName);
+
+            // initialize the 'target' field
+            target = getTarget(client);
+        } catch (KeyManagementException | NoSuchAlgorithmException
+                     | NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException
+                     | ClassNotFoundException | HttpClientConfigException e) {
+            logger.error("Server.checkServer: problems recreating 'client'", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Update server data.
+     *
+     * @param serverData this is a temporary 'Server' instance created from
+     *     an incoming message, which is used to update fields within the
+     *     'Server' instance identified by 'this'
+     */
+    private void updateServer(Server serverData) {
+        if (serverData.count > count) {
+            // an update has occurred
+            count = serverData.count;
+
+            // TBD: calculate and verify checksum, more fields may be updated
+
+            // adjust 'allowedGap' accordingly
+            long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            long gap = currentTime - lastUpdateTime;
+
+            // adjust 'allowedGap' accordingly
+            // TBD: need properties to support overrides
+            gap = gap * 3 / 2 + adaptiveGapAdjust;
+            if (gap > allowedGap) {
+                // update 'allowedGap' immediately
+                allowedGap = gap;
+            } else {
+                // gradually pull the allowed gap down
+                // TBD: need properties to support overrides
+                allowedGap = (allowedGap * 15 + gap) / 16;
+            }
+            lastUpdateTime = currentTime;
+
+            updatedList.add(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * a server has failed.
+     */
+    private void serverFailed() {
+        // mark as inactive
+        synchronized (this) {
+            active = false;
+        }
+
+        // remove it from the table
+        servers.remove(uuid);
+
+        // add it to the failed servers table
+        failedServers.put(uuid, this);
+
+        // clean up client information
+        if (client != null) {
+            client.shutdown();
+            client = null;
+            target = null;
+        }
+
+        // log an error message
+        logger.error("Server failure: {} ({})", uuid, socketAddress);
+        for (Events listener : Events.getListeners()) {
+            listener.serverFailed(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch, and possibily calculate, the "notify list" associated with this
+     * server. This is the list of servers to forward a server and bucket
+     * information to, and is approximately log2(n) in length, where 'n' is
+     * the total number of servers.
+     * It is calculated by starting with all of the servers sorted by UUID --
+     * let's say the current server is at position 's'. The notify list will
+     * contain the server at positions:
+     *     (s + 1) % n
+     *     (s + 2) % n
+     *     (s + 4) % n
+     *          ...
+     * Using all powers of 2 less than 'n'. If the total server count is 50,
+     * this list has 6 entries.
+     * @return the notify list
+     */
+    static Collection<Server> getNotifyList() {
+        // The 'notifyList' value is initially 'null', and it is reset to 'null'
+        // every time a new host joins, or one leaves. That way, it is marked for
+        // recalculation, but only when needed.
+        if (notifyList == null) {
+            // next index we are looking for
+            int dest = 1;
+
+            // our current position in the Server table -- starting at 'thisServer'
+            UUID current = thisServer.uuid;
+
+            // site socket address of 'current'
+            InetSocketAddress thisSiteSocketAddress = thisServer.siteSocketAddress;
+
+            // hash set of all site socket addresses located
+            HashSet<InetSocketAddress> siteSocketAddresses = new HashSet<>();
+            siteSocketAddresses.add(thisSiteSocketAddress);
+
+            // the list we are building
+            notifyList = new LinkedList<Server>();
+
+            int index = 1;
+            for ( ; ; ) {
+                // move to the next key (UUID) -- if we hit the end of the table,
+                // wrap to the beginning
+                current = servers.higherKey(current);
+                if (current == null) {
+                    current = servers.firstKey();
+                }
+                if (current.equals(thisServer.uuid)) {
+                    // we have looped through the entire list
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // fetch associated server & site socket address
+                Server server = servers.get(current);
+                InetSocketAddress currentSiteSocketAddress =
+                    server.siteSocketAddress;
+
+                if (Objects.equals(thisSiteSocketAddress,
+                                   currentSiteSocketAddress)) {
+                    // same site -- see if we should add this one
+                    if (index == dest) {
+                        // this is the next index we are looking for --
+                        // add the server
+                        notifyList.add(server);
+
+                        // advance to the next offset (current-offset * 2)
+                        dest = dest << 1;
+                    }
+                    index += 1;
+                } else if (!siteSocketAddresses.contains(currentSiteSocketAddress)) {
+                    // we need at least one member from each site
+                    notifyList.add(server);
+                    siteSocketAddresses.add(currentSiteSocketAddress);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return notifyList;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See if there is a host name associated with a destination socket address.
+     *
+     * @param dest the socket address of the destination
+     * @return the host name associated with the IP address, or the IP address
+     *     if no associated host name is found.
+     */
+    private static String socketAddressToName(InetSocketAddress dest) {
+        // destination IP address
+        InetAddress inetAddress = dest.getAddress();
+        String destName = null;
+
+        // go through the 'hostList' to see if there is a matching name
+        for (String hostName : hostList) {
+            try {
+                if (inetAddress.equals(InetAddress.getByName(hostName))) {
+                    // this one matches -- use the name instead of the IP address
+                    destName = hostName;
+                    break;
+                }
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                logger.debug("Server.socketAddressToName error", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // default name = string value of IP address
+        return destName == null ? inetAddress.getHostAddress() : destName;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create an 'HttpClient' instance for a particular host.
+     *
+     * @param name of the host (currently a UUID or host:port string)
+     * @param dest the socket address of the destination
+     * @param destName the string name to use for the destination
+     */
+    static HttpClient buildClient(String name, InetSocketAddress dest, String destName)
+        throws KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException,
+        ClassNotFoundException, HttpClientConfigException {
+
+        return HttpClientFactoryInstance.getClientFactory().build(
+            BusTopicParams.builder()
+                .clientName(name)                               // name
+                .useHttps(useHttps)                             // https
+                .allowSelfSignedCerts(useSelfSignedCertificates)// selfSignedCerts
+                .hostname(destName)                             // host
+                .port(dest.getPort())                           // port
+                .managed(false)                                 // managed
+                .build());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extract the 'WebTarget' information from the 'HttpClient'.
+     *
+     * @param client the associated HttpClient instance
+     * @return a WebTarget referring to the previously-specified 'baseUrl'
+     */
+    static WebTarget getTarget(HttpClient client)
+        throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
+        // need access to the internal field 'client'
+        // TBD: We need a way to get this information without reflection
+        Field field = client.getClass().getDeclaredField("client");
+        field.setAccessible(true);
+        Client rsClient = (Client)field.get(client);
+        field.setAccessible(false);
+
+        rsClient.property(ClientProperties.CONNECT_TIMEOUT, connectTimeout);
+        rsClient.property(ClientProperties.READ_TIMEOUT, readTimeout);
+
+        // For performance reasons, the root 'WebTarget' is generated only once
+        // at initialization time for each remote host.
+        return rsClient.target(client.getBaseUrl());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, and is used to send a
+     * message to the destination server associated with this 'Server' instance.
+     *
+     * @param path the path relative to the base URL
+     * @param entity the "request entity" containing the body of the
+     *     HTTP POST request
+     */
+    public void post(final String path, final Entity<?> entity) {
+        post(path, entity, null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, and is used to send a
+     * message to the destination server associated with this 'Server' instance.
+     *
+     * @param path the path relative to the base URL
+     * @param entity the "request entity" containing the body of the
+     *     HTTP POST request (if 'null', an HTTP GET is used instead)
+     * @param responseCallback if non-null, this callback may be used to
+     *     modify the WebTarget, and/or receive the POST response message
+     */
+    public void post(final String path, final Entity<?> entity,
+                     PostResponse responseCallback) {
+        if (target == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
+            /**
+             * This method is running within the 'MainLoop' thread.
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    WebTarget webTarget = target.path(path);
+                    if (responseCallback != null) {
+                        // give callback a chance to modify 'WebTarget'
+                        webTarget = responseCallback.webTarget(webTarget);
+
+                        // send the response to the callback
+                        Response response;
+                        if (entity == null) {
+                            response = webTarget.request().get();
+                        } else {
+                            response = webTarget.request().post(entity);
+                        }
+                        responseCallback.response(response);
+                    } else {
+                        // just do the invoke, and ignore the response
+                        if (entity == null) {
+                            webTarget.request().get();
+                        } else {
+                            webTarget.request().post(entity);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("Failed to send to {} ({}, {})",
+                                 uuid, destSocketAddress, destName);
+                    responseCallback.exceptionResponse(e);
+                    MainLoop.queueWork(new Runnable() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() {
+                            // the DNS cache may have been out-of-date when this server
+                            // was first contacted -- fix the problem, if needed
+                            checkServer();
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread.
+     *
+     * @return the 'ThreadPoolExecutor' associated with this server
+     */
+    public synchronized ThreadPoolExecutor getThreadPool() {
+        if (sendThreadPool == null) {
+            // build a thread pool for this Server
+            sendThreadPool =
+                new ThreadPoolExecutor(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize,
+                                       keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
+                                       new LinkedTransferQueue<Runnable>());
+            sendThreadPool.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
+        }
+        return sendThreadPool;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Lower-level method supporting HTTP, which requires that the caller's
+     * thread tolerate blocking. This method may be called from any thread.
+     *
+     * @param path the path relative to the base URL
+     * @return a 'WebTarget' instance pointing to this path
+     */
+    public WebTarget getWebTarget(String path) {
+        return target == null ? null : target.path(path);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread, but its real intent is
+     * to decode an incoming 'admin' message (which is Base-64-encoded),
+     * and send it to the 'MainLoop' thread for processing.
+     *
+     * @param data the base-64-encoded data
+     */
+    static void adminRequest(byte[] data) {
+        final byte[] packet = Base64.getDecoder().decode(data);
+        Runnable task = () -> {
+            try {
+                ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(packet);
+                DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(bis);
+
+                while (dis.available() != 0) {
+                    Server serverData = new Server(dis);
+
+                    // TBD: Compare with current server
+
+                    Server server = servers.get(serverData.uuid);
+                    if (server == null) {
+                        serverData.newServer();
+                    } else {
+                        server.updateServer(serverData);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Server.adminRequest: can't decode packet", e);
+            }
+        };
+        MainLoop.queueWork(task);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send out information about servers 'updatedList' to all servers
+     * in 'notifyList' (may need to build or rebuild 'notifyList').
+     */
+    static void sendOutData() throws IOException {
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+
+        // include 'thisServer' in the data -- first, advance the count
+        if ((thisServer.count += 1) == 0) {
+            /*
+             * counter wrapped (0 is a special case);
+             * actually, we could probably leave this out, because it would take
+             * more than a century to wrap if the increment is 1 second
+             */
+            thisServer.count = 1;
+        }
+        thisServer.lastUpdateTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        thisServer.writeServerData(dos);
+
+        // include all hosts in the updated list
+        for (Server server : updatedList) {
+            server.writeServerData(dos);
+        }
+        updatedList.clear();
+
+        // create an 'Entity' that can be sent out to all hosts in the notify list
+        Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(
+            new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bos.toByteArray()), StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+            MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+        for (Server server : getNotifyList()) {
+            server.post("admin", entity);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Search for servers which have taken too long to respond.
+     */
+    static void searchForFailedServers() {
+        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+        // used to build a list of newly-failed servers
+        LinkedList<Server> failed = new LinkedList<>();
+        for (Server server : servers.values()) {
+            if (server == thisServer) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            long gap = currentTime - server.lastUpdateTime;
+            if (gap > server.allowedGap) {
+                // add it to the failed list -- we don't call 'serverFailed' yet,
+                // because this updates the server list, and leads to a
+                // 'ConcurrentModificationException'
+                failed.add(server);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // remove servers from our list
+        if (!failed.isEmpty()) {
+            for (Server server : failed) {
+                server.serverFailed();
+            }
+            notifyList = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread:
+     * Send information about 'thisServer' to the list of hosts.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     * @param hosts a comma-separated list of entries containing
+     *     'host:port' or just 'port' (current host is implied in this case)
+     */
+    static void pingHosts(PrintStream out, String hosts) {
+        LinkedList<InetSocketAddress> addresses = new LinkedList<>();
+        boolean error = false;
+
+        for (String host : hosts.split(",")) {
+            try {
+                String[] segs = host.split(":");
+
+                switch (segs.length) {
+                    case 1:
+                        addresses.add(new InetSocketAddress(InetAddress.getLocalHost(),
+                                Integer.parseInt(segs[0])));
+                        break;
+                    case 2:
+                        addresses.add(new InetSocketAddress(segs[0],
+                                Integer.parseInt(segs[1])));
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        out.println(host + ": Invalid host/port value");
+                        error = true;
+                        break;
+                }
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                out.println(host + ": Invalid port value");
+                logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                error = true;
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                out.println(host + ": Unknown host");
+                logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                error = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!error) {
+            pingHosts(out, addresses);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread:
+     * Send information about 'thisServer' to the list of hosts.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+     * @param hosts a collection of 'InetSocketAddress' instances, which are
+     *     the hosts to send the information to
+     */
+    static void pingHosts(final PrintStream out,
+                          final Collection<InetSocketAddress> hosts) {
+        FutureTask<Integer> ft = new FutureTask<>(new Callable<Integer>() {
+            @Override
+            public Integer call() {
+                ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+                DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(bos);
+
+                // add information for this server only
+                try {
+                    thisServer.writeServerData(dos);
+
+                    // create an 'Entity' that can be sent out to all hosts
+                    Entity<String> entity = Entity.entity(
+                        new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bos.toByteArray()),
+                            StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
+                        MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+
+                    // loop through hosts
+                    for (InetSocketAddress host : hosts) {
+                        HttpClient client = null;
+
+                        try {
+                            client = buildClient(host.toString(), host,
+                                                 socketAddressToName(host));
+                            getTarget(client).path("admin").request().post(entity);
+                            client.shutdown();
+                            client = null;
+                        } catch (KeyManagementException | NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
+                            out.println(host + ": Unable to create client connection");
+                            logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                        } catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
+                            out.println(host + ": Unable to get link to target");
+                            logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                        } catch (Exception e) {
+                            out.println(host + ": " + e);
+                            logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                        }
+                        if (client != null) {
+                            client.shutdown();
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    out.println("Unable to generate 'ping' data: " + e);
+                    logger.error("Server.pingHosts error", e);
+                }
+                return 0;
+            }
+        });
+
+        MainLoop.queueWork(ft);
+        try {
+            ft.get(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException | TimeoutException e) {
+            logger.error("Server.pingHosts: error waiting for queued work", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method may be invoked from any thread:
+     * Dump out the current 'servers' table in a human-readable table form.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to dump the table to
+     */
+    public static void dumpHosts(final PrintStream out) {
+        FutureTask<Integer> ft = new FutureTask<Integer>(new Callable<Integer>() {
+            public Integer call() {
+                dumpHostsInternal(out);
+                return 0;
+            }
+        });
+        MainLoop.queueWork(ft);
+        try {
+            ft.get(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException | TimeoutException e) {
+            logger.error("Server.dumpHosts: error waiting for queued work", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump out the current 'servers' table in a human-readable table form.
+     *
+     * @param out the 'PrintStream' to dump the table to
+     */
+    private static void dumpHostsInternal(PrintStream out) {
+        // modifications to 'servers.values()' and 'notifyList'.
+        HashSet<Server> localNotifyList = new HashSet<>(getNotifyList());
+
+        // see if we have any site information
+        boolean siteData = false;
+        for (Server server : servers.values()) {
+            if (server.siteSocketAddress != null) {
+                siteData = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        String format = "%1s %-36s %-15s %5s %5s %12s %7s %7s\n";
+        SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("kk:mm:ss.SSS");
+
+        if (siteData) {
+            format = "%1s %-36s %-15s %5s %-15s %5s %5s %12s %7s %7s\n";
+            // @formatter:off
+            out.printf(format, "", "UUID", "IP Address", "Port",
+                       "Site IP Address", "Port",
+                       "Count", "Update Time", "Elapsed", "Allowed");
+            out.printf(format, "", "----", "----------", "----",
+                       "---------------", "----",
+                       "-----", "-----------", "-------", "-------");
+            // @formatter:on
+        } else {
+            // @formatter:off
+            out.printf(format, "", "UUID", "IP Address", "Port",
+                       "Count", "Update Time", "Elapsed", "Allowed");
+            out.printf(format, "", "----", "----------", "----",
+                       "-----", "-----------", "-------", "-------");
+            // @formatter:on
+        }
+
+        long currentTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+        for (Server server : servers.values()) {
+            String thisOne = "";
+
+            if (server == thisServer) {
+                thisOne = "*";
+            } else if (localNotifyList.contains(server)) {
+                thisOne = "n";
+            }
+            /*
+            else if (newHosts.contains(server))
+              {
+                thisOne = "N";
+              }
+            */
+
+            if (siteData) {
+                String siteIp = "";
+                String sitePort = "";
+                if (server.siteSocketAddress != null) {
+                    siteIp =
+                        server.siteSocketAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress();
+                    sitePort = String.valueOf(server.siteSocketAddress.getPort());
+                }
+
+                out.printf(format, thisOne, server.uuid,
+                           server.socketAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress(),
+                           server.socketAddress.getPort(),
+                           siteIp, sitePort, server.count,
+                           dateFormat.format(new Date(server.lastUpdateTime)),
+                           currentTime - server.lastUpdateTime,
+                           server.allowedGap);
+            } else {
+                out.printf(format, thisOne, server.uuid,
+                           server.socketAddress.getAddress().getHostAddress(),
+                           server.socketAddress.getPort(), server.count,
+                           dateFormat.format(new Date(server.lastUpdateTime)),
+                           currentTime - server.lastUpdateTime,
+                           server.allowedGap);
+            }
+        }
+        out.println("Count: " + servers.size());
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This interface supports the 'post' method, and provides the opportunity
+     * to change the WebTarget and/or receive the POST response message.
+     */
+    interface PostResponse {
+        /**
+         * Callback that can be used to modify 'WebTarget', and do things like
+         * add query parameters.
+         *
+         * @param webTarget the current WebTarget
+         * @return the updated WebTarget
+         */
+        public default WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+            return webTarget;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Callback that passes the POST response.
+         *
+         * @param response the POST response
+         */
+        public default void response(Response response) {
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Callback that passes the POST exception response.
+         *
+         */
+        public default void exceptionResponse(Exception exception) {
+            Response.ResponseBuilder response;
+            response = Response.serverError();
+            this.response(response.build());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolApi.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolApi.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6337749
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolApi.java
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.services.OrderedService;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.services.OrderedServiceImpl;
+
+public interface ServerPoolApi extends OrderedService {
+    /**
+     * 'ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()' returns an ordered list of objects
+     * implementing the 'ServerPoolApi' interface.
+     */
+    public static OrderedServiceImpl<ServerPoolApi> impl =
+        new OrderedServiceImpl<>(ServerPoolApi.class);
+
+    /**
+     * method gives all of the listening features the ability to add
+     * classes to the 'HttpServletServer'.
+     *
+     * @return a Collection of classes implementing REST methods
+     */
+    public default Collection<Class<?>> servletClasses() {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is called in the case where no bucket migration data was received
+     * from the old owner of the bucket (such as if the old owner failed).
+     * It gives one or more features the opportunity to do the restore.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket that needs restoring
+     */
+    public default void restoreBucket(Bucket bucket) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is called whenever a 'GlobalLocks' object is updated. It was added
+     * in order to support persistence, but may be used elsewhere as well.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket containing the 'GlobalLocks' adjunct
+     * @param globalLocks the 'GlobalLocks' adjunct
+     */
+    public default void lockUpdate(Bucket bucket, TargetLock.GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is called when the state of a bucket has changed, but is currently
+     * stable, and it gives features the ability to do an audit. The intent is
+     * to make sure that the adjunct state is correct; in particular, to remove
+     * adjuncts that should no longer be there based upon the current state.
+     * Note that this method is called while being synchronized on the bucket.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket to audit
+     * @param isOwner 'true' if the current host owns the bucket
+     * @param isBackup 'true' if the current host is a backup for the bucket
+     */
+    public default void auditBucket(Bucket bucket, boolean isOwner, boolean isBackup) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolProperties.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolProperties.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb6a791e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerPoolProperties.java
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class ServerPoolProperties {
+    // 'Server' port listener
+    public static final String SERVER_IP_ADDRESS = "server.pool.server.ipAddress";
+    public static final String SERVER_PORT = "server.pool.server.port";
+    public static final String SERVER_HTTPS = "server.pool.server.https";
+    public static final String SERVER_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES =
+        "server.pool.server.selfSignedCerts";
+
+    // 'site' information
+    public static final String SITE_IP_ADDRESS = "server.pool.server.site.ip";
+    public static final String SITE_PORT = "server.pool.server.site.port";
+
+    // the default is to listen to all IP addresses on the host
+    public static final String DEFAULT_SERVER_IP_ADDRESS = "0.0.0.0";
+
+    // the default is to dynamically select a port
+    public static final int DEFAULT_SERVER_PORT = 0;
+
+    // the default is to have HTTPS disabled
+    public static final boolean DEFAULT_HTTPS = false;
+
+    // the default is to not use self-signed certificates
+    public static final boolean DEFAULT_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES = false;
+
+    // list of remote server names to use in HTTP/HTTPS messages
+    // (instead of host names)
+    public static final String HOST_LIST = "server.pool.server.hostlist";
+
+    // 'Server' timeouts
+    public static final String SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP = "server.pool.server.allowedGap";
+    public static final String SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST =
+        "server.adaptiveGapAdjust";
+    public static final String SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = "server.pool.server.connectTimeout";
+    public static final String SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT = "server.pool.server.readTimeout";
+
+    // at startup, initially allow 30 seconds between pings
+    public static final long DEFAULT_SERVER_INITIAL_ALLOWED_GAP = 30000;
+
+    // when doing the adaptive calculation of the allowed gap between pings,
+    // adjust the time by adding 5 seconds (by default)
+    public static final long DEFAULT_SERVER_ADAPTIVE_GAP_ADJUST = 5000;
+
+    // the default is to allow 10 seconds for a TCP connect
+    public static final long DEFAULT_SERVER_CONNECT_TIMEOUT = 10000;
+
+    // the default is to allow 10 seconds for a TCP read response
+    public static final long DEFAULT_SERVER_READ_TIMEOUT = 10000;
+
+    // outgoing per-server thread pool parameters
+    public static final String SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE =
+        "server.pool.server.threads.corePoolSize";
+    public static final String SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE =
+        "server.pool.server.threads.maximumPoolSize";
+    public static final String SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME =
+        "server.pool.server.threads.keepAliveTime";
+
+    public static final int DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_CORE_POOL_SIZE = 5;
+    public static final int DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = 10;
+    public static final long DEFAULT_SERVER_THREADS_KEEP_ALIVE_TIME = 5000;
+
+    /*================*/
+    /* Host Discovery */
+    /*================*/
+
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_SERVERS = "server.pool.discovery.servers";
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_TOPIC = "server.pool.discovery.topic";
+
+    // HTTP authentication
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_USERNAME = "server.pool.discovery.username";
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_PASSWORD = "server.pool.discovery.password";
+
+    // Cambria authentication
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_API_KEY = "server.pool.discovery.apiKey";
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_API_SECRET = "server.pool.discovery.apiSecret";
+
+    // timeouts
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT =
+        "server.pool.discovery.fetchTimeout";
+
+    // this value is passed to the UEB/DMAAP server, and controls how long
+    // a 'fetch' request will wait when there are no incoming messages
+    public static final String DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_TIMEOUT = "60000";
+
+    // maximum message fetch limit
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT = "server.pool.discovery.fetchLimit";
+
+    // this value is passed to the UEB/DMAAP server, and controls how many
+    // requests may be returned in a single fetch
+    public static final String DEFAULT_DISCOVERY_FETCH_LIMIT = "100";
+
+    // publisher thread cycle time
+    public static final String DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME =
+        "discovery.publisherLoopCycleTime";
+
+    // default cycle time is 5 seconds
+    public static final long DEFAULT_DISCOVER_PUBLISHER_LOOP_CYCLE_TIME = 5000;
+
+    // encryption
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_HTTPS = "server.pool.discovery.https";
+    public static final String DISCOVERY_ALLOW_SELF_SIGNED_CERTIFICATES =
+        "server.pool.discovery.selfSignedCertificates";
+
+    /*============================*/
+    /* Leader Election Parameters */
+    /*============================*/
+
+    public static final String LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES =
+        "server.pool.leader.stableIdleCycles";
+    public static final String LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES =
+        "server.pool.leader.stableVotingCycles";
+
+    // by default, wait for 5 cycles (seconds) of stability before voting starts
+    public static final int DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_IDLE_CYCLES = 5;
+
+    // by default, wait for 5 cycles of stability before declaring a winner
+    public static final int DEFAULT_LEADER_STABLE_VOTING_CYCLES = 5;
+
+    /*=====================*/
+    /* MainLoop Parameters */
+    /*=====================*/
+
+    public static final String MAINLOOP_CYCLE = "server.pool.mainLoop.cycle";
+
+    // by default, the main loop cycle is 1 second
+    public static final long DEFAULT_MAINLOOP_CYCLE = 1000;
+
+    /*=============================*/
+    /* Bucket Migration Parameters */
+    /*=============================*/
+
+    // time-to-live controls how many hops a 'TargetLock' message can take
+    public static final String BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE = "bucket.ttl";
+
+    // bucket migration timeout when a server has been notified that it
+    // is the new owner of the bucket
+    public static final String BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT =
+        "bucket.confirmed.timeout";
+
+    // bucket migration timeout when a server has inferred that it may be
+    // the new owner, but it hasn't yet been confirmed
+    public static final String BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT =
+        "bucket.unconfirmed.timeout";
+
+    // timeout for operation run within a Drools session
+    public static final String BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT =
+        "bucket.drools.timeout";
+
+    // when a new owner of a bucket has completed the takeover of the
+    // bucket, but it hasn't yet been confirmed, there is an additional
+    // grace period before leaving the 'NewOwner' state
+    public static final String BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD =
+        "bucket.unconfirmed.graceperiod";
+
+    // time-to-live = 5 hops
+    public static final int DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE = 5;
+
+    // 30 seconds timeout if it has been confirmed that we are the new owner
+    public static final long DEFAULT_BUCKET_CONFIRMED_TIMEOUT = 30000;
+
+    // 10 seconds timeout if it has not been confirmed that we are the new owner
+    public static final long DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_TIMEOUT = 10000;
+
+    // 10 seconds timeout waiting for a drools operation to complete
+    public static final long DEFAULT_BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT = 10000;
+
+    // 10 seconds timeout waiting to be confirmed that we are the new owner
+    public static final long DEFAULT_BUCKET_UNCONFIRMED_GRACE_PERIOD = 10000;
+
+    /*=======================*/
+    /* TargetLock Parameters */
+    /*=======================*/
+
+    // time-to-live controls how many hops a 'TargetLock' message can take
+    public static final String LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE = "lock.ttl";
+
+    // how frequently should the audit run?
+    public static final String LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD = "lock.audit.period";
+
+    // when the audit is rescheduled (e.g. due to a new server joining), this
+    // is the initial grace period, to allow time for bucket assignments, etc.
+    public static final String LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD =
+        "lock.audit.gracePeriod";
+
+    // there may be audit mismatches detected that are only due to the transient
+    // nature of the lock state -- we check the mismatches on both sides after
+    // this delay to see if we are still out-of-sync
+    public static final String LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY = "lock.audit.retryDelay";
+
+    // time-to-live = 5 hops
+    public static final int DEFAULT_LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE = 5;
+
+    // run the audit every 5 minutes
+    public static final long DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD = 300000;
+
+    // wait at least 60 seconds after an event before running the audit
+    public static final long DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD = 60000;
+
+    // wait 5 seconds to see if the mismatches still exist
+    public static final long DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY = 5000;
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    private static Logger logger =
+        LoggerFactory.getLogger(ServerPoolProperties.class);
+
+    // save initial set of properties
+    private static Properties properties = new Properties();
+
+    /**
+     * Store the application properties values.
+     *
+     * @param properties the properties to save
+     */
+    public static void setProperties(Properties properties) {
+        ServerPoolProperties.properties = properties;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the properties used when starting this server.
+     *
+     * @return the properties used when starting this server.
+     */
+    public static Properties getProperties() {
+        return properties;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience method to fetch a 'long' property.
+     *
+     * @param name the property name
+     * @param defaultValue the value to use if the property is not defined,
+     *     or has an illegal value
+     * @return the property value
+     */
+    public static long getProperty(String name, long defaultValue) {
+        long rval = defaultValue;
+        String value = properties.getProperty(name);
+        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(value)) {
+            // try to convert to a 'long' -- log a message in case of failure
+            try {
+                rval = Long.parseLong(value);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                logger.error("Property {}=\"{}\": illegal long -- "
+                             + "using default of {}", name, value, defaultValue);
+            }
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience method to fetch an 'int' property.
+     *
+     * @param name the property name
+     * @param defaultValue the value to use if the property is not defined,
+     *     or has an illegal value
+     * @return the property value
+     */
+    public static int getProperty(String name, int defaultValue) {
+        int rval = defaultValue;
+        String value = properties.getProperty(name);
+        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(value)) {
+            // try to convert to an 'int' -- log a message in case of failure
+            try {
+                rval = Integer.parseInt(value);
+            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                logger.error("Property {}=\"{}\": illegal int -- "
+                             + "using default of {}", name, value, defaultValue);
+            }
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience method to fetch a 'boolean' property.
+     *
+     * @param name the property name
+     * @param defaultValue the value to use if the property is not defined,
+     *     or has an illegal value
+     * @return the property value
+     */
+    public static boolean getProperty(String name, boolean defaultValue) {
+        boolean rval = defaultValue;
+        String value = properties.getProperty(name);
+        if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(value)) {
+            // try to convert to an 'boolean' -- log a message in case of failure
+            rval = Boolean.parseBoolean(value);
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience method to fetch a 'String' property
+     * (provided for consistency with 'long' and 'int' versions).
+     *
+     * @param name the property name
+     * @param defaultValue the value to use if the property is not defined,
+     *     or has an illegal value
+     * @return the property value
+     */
+    public static String getProperty(String name, String defaultValue) {
+        String value = properties.getProperty(name);
+        return (StringUtils.isNotBlank(value)) ? value : defaultValue;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLock.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLock.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e4b795f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLock.java
@@ -0,0 +1,2821 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE;
+import static org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolProperties.getProperty;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.lang.ref.Reference;
+import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
+import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Queue;
+import java.util.TimerTask;
+import java.util.TreeMap;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedTransferQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.WebTarget;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
+
+import lombok.NonNull;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.DroolsRunnable;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicyContainer;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.Lock;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.LockCallback;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.PolicyResourceLockManager;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a locking mechanism based upon a string key that
+ * identifies the lock, and another string key that identifies the owner.
+ * The existence of the 'TargetLock' instance doesn't mean that the
+ * corresponding lock has been acquired -- this is only the case if the
+ * instance is in the 'ACTIVE' state.
+ * A lock in the ACTIVE or WAITING state exists in two sets of tables,
+ * which may be on different hosts:
+ * LocalLocks - these two tables are associated with the owner key of the
+ *     lock. They are in an adjunct to the bucket associated with this key,
+ *     and the bucket is owned by the host containing the entry.
+ *  GlobalLocks - this table is associated with the lock key. It is an
+ *     adjunct to the bucket associated with this key, and the bucket is
+ *     owned by the host containing the entry.
+ */
+public class TargetLock implements Lock, Serializable {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TargetLock.class);
+
+    // Listener class to handle state changes that require restarting the audit
+    private static EventHandler eventHandler = new EventHandler();
+
+    static {
+        // register Listener class
+        Events.register(eventHandler);
+    }
+
+    // this is used to locate ACTIVE 'TargetLock' instances that have been
+    // abandoned -- as the GC cleans up the 'WeakReference' instances referring
+    // to these locks, we use that information to clean them up
+    private static ReferenceQueue<TargetLock> abandoned = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+
+    // some status codes
+    static final int ACCEPTED = 202; //Response.Status.ACCEPTED.getStatusCode();
+    static final int NO_CONTENT = 204; //Response.Status.NO_CONTENT.getStatusCode();
+    static final int LOCKED = 423;
+
+    // Values extracted from properties
+
+    private static String timeToLive;
+    private static long auditPeriod;
+    private static long auditGracePeriod;
+    private static long auditRetryDelay;
+
+    // lock states:
+    // WAITING - in line to acquire the lock
+    // ACTIVE - currently holding the lock
+    // FREE - WAITING/ACTIVE locks that were explicitly freed
+    // LOST - could occur when a de-serialized ACTIVE lock can't be made
+    //     ACTIVE because there is already an ACTIVE holder of the lock
+    public enum State {
+        WAITING, ACTIVE, FREE, LOST
+    }
+
+    // this contains information that is placed in the 'LocalLocks' tables,
+    // and has a one-to-one correspondence with the 'TargetLock' instance
+    private Identity identity;
+
+    // this is the only field that can change after initialization
+    private State state;
+
+    // this is used to notify the application when a lock is available,
+    // or if it is not available
+    private LockCallback owner;
+
+    // This is what is actually called by the infrastructure to do the owner
+    // notification. The owner may be running in a Drools session, in which case
+    // the actual notification should be done within that thread -- the 'context'
+    // object ensures that it happens this way.
+    private LockCallback context;
+
+    /**
+     * This method triggers registration of 'eventHandler', and also extracts
+     * property values.
+     */
+    static void startup() {
+        int intTimeToLive =
+            getProperty(LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE, DEFAULT_LOCK_TIME_TO_LIVE);
+        timeToLive = String.valueOf(intTimeToLive);
+        auditPeriod = getProperty(LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD, DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_PERIOD);
+        auditGracePeriod =
+            getProperty(LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD, DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_GRACE_PERIOD);
+        auditRetryDelay =
+            getProperty(LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY, DEFAULT_LOCK_AUDIT_RETRY_DELAY);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shutdown threads.
+     */
+    static void shutdown() {
+        AbandonedHandler ah = abandonedHandler;
+
+        if (ah != null) {
+            abandonedHandler = null;
+            ah.interrupt();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - initializes the 'TargetLock' instance, and tries to go
+     * ACTIVE. The lock is initially placed in the WAITING state, and the owner
+     * and the owner will be notified when the success or failure of the lock
+     * attempt is determined.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     */
+    public TargetLock(String key, String ownerKey, LockCallback owner) {
+        this(key, ownerKey, owner, true);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - initializes the 'TargetLock' instance, and tries to go
+     * ACTIVE. The lock is initially placed in the WAITING state, and the owner
+     * and the owner will be notified when the success or failure of the lock
+     * attempt is determined.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     * @param waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already
+     *     locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail
+     */
+    public TargetLock(final String key, final String ownerKey,
+            final LockCallback owner, final boolean waitForLock) {
+        if (key == null) {
+            throw(new IllegalArgumentException("TargetLock: 'key' can't be null"));
+        }
+        if (ownerKey == null) {
+            throw(new IllegalArgumentException("TargetLock: 'ownerKey' can't be null"));
+        }
+        if (!Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey)) {
+            // associated bucket is assigned to a different server
+            throw(new IllegalArgumentException("TargetLock: 'ownerKey=" + ownerKey
+                + "' not currently assigned to this server"));
+        }
+        if (owner == null) {
+            throw(new IllegalArgumentException("TargetLock: 'owner' can't be null"));
+        }
+        identity = new Identity(key, ownerKey);
+        state = State.WAITING;
+        this.owner = owner;
+
+        // determine the context
+        PolicySession session = PolicySession.getCurrentSession();
+        if (session != null) {
+            // deliver through a 'PolicySessionContext' class
+            Object lcontext = session.getAdjunct(PolicySessionContext.class);
+            if (lcontext == null || !(lcontext instanceof LockCallback)) {
+                context = new PolicySessionContext(session);
+                session.setAdjunct(PolicySessionContext.class, context);
+            } else {
+                context = (LockCallback)lcontext;
+            }
+        } else {
+            // no context to deliver through -- call back directly to owner
+            context = owner;
+        }
+
+        // update 'LocalLocks' tables
+        final WeakReference<TargetLock> wr = new WeakReference<>(this, abandoned);
+        final LocalLocks localLocks = LocalLocks.get(ownerKey);
+
+        synchronized (localLocks) {
+            localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.put(wr, identity);
+            localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.put(identity.uuid, wr);
+        }
+
+        // The associated 'GlobalLocks' table may or may not be on a different
+        // host. Also, the following call may queue the message for later
+        // processing if the bucket is in a transient state.
+        Bucket.forwardAndProcess(key, new Bucket.Message() {
+            /**
+             * {@inheritDoc}
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void process() {
+                // 'GlobalLocks' is on the same host
+                State newState = GlobalLocks.get(key).lock(key, ownerKey, identity.uuid, waitForLock);
+                logger.info("Lock lock request: key={}, owner={}, uuid={}, wait={} (resp={})",
+                    key, ownerKey, identity.uuid, waitForLock, state);
+
+                // The lock may now be ACTIVE, FREE, or WAITING -- we can notify
+                // the owner of the result now for ACTIVE or FREE. Also, the callback
+                // may occur while the constructor is still on the stack, although
+                // this won't happen in a Drools session.
+                setState(newState);
+                switch (newState) {
+                    case ACTIVE:
+                        // lock was successful - send notification
+                        context.lockAvailable(TargetLock.this);
+                        break;
+                    case FREE:
+                        // lock attempt failed -
+                        // clean up local tables, and send notification
+                        synchronized (localLocks) {
+                            localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.remove(wr);
+                            localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.remove(identity.uuid);
+                        }
+                        wr.clear();
+                        context.lockUnavailable(TargetLock.this);
+                        break;
+
+                    case WAITING:
+                        break;
+
+                    default:
+                        logger.error("Unknown state: {}", newState);
+                        break;
+                    }
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * {@inheritDoc}
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber) {
+                // actual lock is on a remote host -- send the request as
+                // a REST message
+                logger.info("Sending lock request to {}: key={}, owner={}, uuid={}, wait={}",
+                    server, key, ownerKey, identity.uuid, waitForLock);
+                server.post("lock/lock", null, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                    /**
+                     * {@inheritDoc}
+                     */
+                    @Override
+                    public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("key", key)
+                               .queryParam("owner", ownerKey)
+                               .queryParam("uuid", identity.uuid.toString())
+                               .queryParam("wait", waitForLock)
+                               .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                    }
+
+                    /**
+                     * {@inheritDoc}
+                     */
+                    @Override
+                    public void response(Response response) {
+                        logger.info("Lock response={} (code={})",
+                                    response, response.getStatus());
+
+                        /**
+                         * there are three possible responses:
+                         * 204 No Content - operation was successful
+                         * 202 Accepted - operation is still in progress
+                         * 423 (Locked) - lock in use, and 'waitForLock' is 'false'
+                         */
+                        switch (response.getStatus()) {
+                            case NO_CONTENT: {
+                                // lock successful
+                                setState(State.ACTIVE);
+                                context.lockAvailable(TargetLock.this);
+                                break;
+                            }
+
+                            case LOCKED: {
+                                // failed -- lock in use, and 'waitForLock == false'
+                                setState(State.FREE);
+                                synchronized (localLocks) {
+                                    localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.remove(wr);
+                                    localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.remove(identity.uuid);
+                                }
+                                wr.clear();
+                                context.lockUnavailable(TargetLock.this);
+                                break;
+                            }
+
+                            case ACCEPTED:
+                                break;
+
+                            default:
+                                logger.error("Unknown status: ", response.getStatus());
+                                break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /********************/
+    /* 'Lock' Interface */
+    /********************/
+
+    /**
+     * This method will free the current lock, or remove it from the waiting
+     * list if a response is pending.
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if successful, 'false' if it was not locked, or there
+     *     appears to be corruption in 'LocalLocks' tables
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean free() {
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (state != State.ACTIVE && state != State.WAITING) {
+                // nothing to free
+                return false;
+            }
+            state = State.FREE;
+        }
+
+        return identity.free();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return 'true' if the lock is in the ACTIVE state.
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the lock is in the ACTIVE state, and 'false' if not
+     */
+    @Override
+    public synchronized boolean isActive() {
+        return state == State.ACTIVE;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return 'true' if the lock is not available.
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the lock is in the FREE or LOST state,
+     *     and 'false' if not
+     */
+    @Override
+    public synchronized boolean isUnavailable() {
+        return state == State.FREE || state == State.LOST;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return 'true' if the lock is in the WAITING state.
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the lock is in the WAITING state, and 'false' if not
+     */
+    public synchronized boolean isWaiting() {
+        return state == State.WAITING;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the lock's key.
+     *
+     * @return the lock's key
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String getResourceId() {
+        return identity.key;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the owner key field.
+     *
+     * @return the owner key field
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String getOwnerKey() {
+        return identity.ownerKey;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Extends the lock's hold time (not implemented yet).
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void extend(int holdSec, LockCallback callback) {
+    }
+
+    /********************/
+
+    /**
+     * Update the state.
+     *
+     * @param newState the new state value
+     */
+    private synchronized void setState(State newState) {
+        state = newState;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the currentstate of the lock.
+     *
+     * @return the current state of the lock
+     */
+    public synchronized State getState() {
+        return state;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called when an incoming /lock/lock REST message is received.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket
+     *     owned by the current host
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner
+     * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+     * @param waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already
+     *     locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail
+     * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+     *     the message may take
+     * @return the Response that should be passed back to the HTTP request
+     */
+    static Response incomingLock(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid, boolean waitForLock, int ttl) {
+        if (!Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(key)) {
+            // this is the wrong server -- forward to the correct one
+            // (we can use this thread)
+            if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+                Server server = Bucket.bucketToServer(Bucket.bucketNumber(key));
+                if (server != null) {
+                    WebTarget webTarget = server.getWebTarget("lock/lock");
+                    if (webTarget != null) {
+                        logger.warn("Forwarding 'lock/lock' to uuid {} "
+                                    + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},wait={},ttl={})",
+                                    server.getUuid(), key, ownerKey, uuid,
+                                    waitForLock, ttl);
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("key", key)
+                               .queryParam("owner", ownerKey)
+                               .queryParam("uuid", uuid.toString())
+                               .queryParam("wait", waitForLock)
+                               .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                               .request().get();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // if we reach this point, we didn't forward for some reason --
+            // return failure by indicating it is locked and unavailable
+            logger.error("Couldn't forward 'lock/lock' "
+                         + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},wait={},ttl={})",
+                         key, ownerKey, uuid, waitForLock, ttl);
+            return Response.noContent().status(LOCKED).build();
+        }
+
+        State state = GlobalLocks.get(key).lock(key, ownerKey, uuid, waitForLock);
+        switch (state) {
+            case ACTIVE:
+                return Response.noContent().build();
+            case WAITING:
+                return Response.noContent().status(Response.Status.ACCEPTED).build();
+            default:
+                return Response.noContent().status(LOCKED).build();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called when an incoming /lock/free REST message is received.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket
+     *     owned by the current host
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner
+     * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+     * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+     *     the message may take
+     * @return the Response that should be passed back to the HTTP request
+     */
+    static Response incomingFree(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid, int ttl) {
+        if (!Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(key)) {
+            // this is the wrong server -- forward to the correct one
+            // (we can use this thread)
+            if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+                Server server = Bucket.bucketToServer(Bucket.bucketNumber(key));
+                if (server != null) {
+                    WebTarget webTarget = server.getWebTarget("lock/free");
+                    if (webTarget != null) {
+                        logger.warn("Forwarding 'lock/free' to uuid {} "
+                                    + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},ttl={})",
+                                    server.getUuid(), key, ownerKey, uuid, ttl);
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("key", key)
+                               .queryParam("owner", ownerKey)
+                               .queryParam("uuid", uuid.toString())
+                               .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                               .request().get();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // if we reach this point, we didn't forward for some reason --
+            // return failure by indicating it is locked and unavailable
+            logger.error("Couldn't forward 'lock/free' "
+                         + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},ttl={})",
+                         key, ownerKey, uuid, ttl);
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        // TBD: should this return a more meaningful response?
+        GlobalLocks.get(key).unlock(key, uuid);
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method is called when an incoming /lock/locked message is received
+     * (this is a callback to an earlier requestor that the lock is now
+     * available).
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+     * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+     *     the message may take
+     * @return the Response that should be passed back to the HTTP request
+     */
+    static Response incomingLocked(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid, int ttl) {
+        if (!Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey)) {
+            // this is the wrong server -- forward to the correct one
+            // (we can use this thread)
+            if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+                Server server = Bucket.bucketToServer(Bucket.bucketNumber(key));
+                if (server != null) {
+                    WebTarget webTarget = server.getWebTarget("lock/locked");
+                    if (webTarget != null) {
+                        logger.warn("Forwarding 'lock/locked' to uuid {} "
+                                    + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},ttl={})",
+                                    server.getUuid(), key, ownerKey, uuid, ttl);
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("key", key)
+                               .queryParam("owner", ownerKey)
+                               .queryParam("uuid", uuid.toString())
+                               .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                               .request().get();
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // if we reach this point, we didn't forward for some reason --
+            // return failure by indicating it is locked and unavailable
+            logger.error("Couldn't forward 'lock/locked' "
+                         + "(key={},owner={},uuid={},ttl={})",
+                         key, ownerKey, uuid, ttl);
+            return Response.noContent().status(LOCKED).build();
+        }
+
+        TargetLock targetLock = null;
+        LocalLocks localLocks = LocalLocks.get(ownerKey);
+        synchronized (localLocks) {
+            WeakReference<TargetLock> wr =
+                localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.get(uuid);
+
+            if (wr != null) {
+                targetLock = wr.get();
+                if (targetLock == null) {
+                    // lock has been abandoned
+                    // (AbandonedHandler should usually find this first)
+                    localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.remove(wr);
+                    localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.remove(uuid);
+                } else {
+                    // the lock has been made available -- update the state
+                    // TBD: This could be outside of 'synchronized (localLocks)'
+                    synchronized (targetLock) {
+                        if (targetLock.state == State.WAITING) {
+                            targetLock.state = State.ACTIVE;
+                        } else {
+                            // will return a failure -- not sure how this happened
+                            logger.error("incomingLocked: {} is in state {}",
+                                         targetLock, targetLock.state);
+                            targetLock = null;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                // clean up what we can
+                localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.remove(uuid);
+            }
+        }
+        if (targetLock == null) {
+            // We can't locate the target lock
+            // TBD: This probably isn't the best error code to use
+            return Response.noContent().status(LOCKED).build();
+        } else {
+            targetLock.context.lockAvailable(targetLock);
+            return Response.noContent().build();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This is called when the state of a bucket has changed, but is currently
+     * stable. Note that this method is called while being synchronized on the
+     * bucket.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket to audit
+     * @param owner 'true' if the current host owns the bucket
+     * @param backup 'true' if the current host is a backup for the bucket
+     */
+    static void auditBucket(Bucket bucket, boolean isOwner, boolean isBackup) {
+        if (!isOwner) {
+            // we should not have any 'TargetLock' adjuncts
+            if (bucket.removeAdjunct(LocalLocks.class) != null) {
+                logger.warn("Bucket {}: Removed superfluous "
+                            + "'TargetLock.LocalLocks' adjunct",
+                            bucket.getIndex());
+            }
+            if (bucket.removeAdjunct(GlobalLocks.class) != null) {
+                logger.warn("Bucket {}: Removed superfluous "
+                            + "'TargetLock.GlobalLocks' adjunct",
+                            bucket.getIndex());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "TargetLock(key=" + identity.key
+               + ", ownerKey=" + identity.ownerKey
+               + ", uuid=" + identity.uuid
+               + ", state=" + state + ")";
+    }
+
+    /*****************/
+    /* Serialization */
+    /*****************/
+
+    /**
+     * This method modifies the behavior of 'TargetLock' deserialization by
+     * creating the corresponding 'LocalLocks' entries.
+     */
+    private void readObject(java.io.ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        in.defaultReadObject();
+        if (state == State.ACTIVE || state == State.WAITING) {
+            // need to build entries in 'LocalLocks'
+            LocalLocks localLocks = LocalLocks.get(identity.ownerKey);
+            WeakReference<TargetLock> wr = new WeakReference<>(this, abandoned);
+
+            synchronized (localLocks) {
+                localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.put(wr, identity);
+                localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.put(identity.uuid, wr);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    private static class LockFactory implements PolicyResourceLockManager {
+        /*****************************************/
+        /* 'PolicyResourceLockManager' interface */
+        /*****************************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public Lock createLock(String resourceId, String ownerKey,
+                               int holdSec, LockCallback callback,
+                               boolean waitForLock) {
+            // 'holdSec' isn't implemented yet
+            return new TargetLock(resourceId, ownerKey, callback, waitForLock);
+        }
+
+        /*************************/
+        /* 'Startable' interface */
+        /*************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean start() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean stop() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void shutdown() {
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean isAlive() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /************************/
+        /* 'Lockable' interface */
+        /************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean lock() {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean unlock() {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean isLocked() {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static LockFactory lockFactory = new LockFactory();
+
+    public static PolicyResourceLockManager getLockFactory() {
+        return lockFactory;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * There is a single instance of class 'TargetLock.EventHandler', which is
+     * registered to listen for notifications of state transitions.
+     */
+    private static class EventHandler implements Events {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void newServer(Server server) {
+            // with an additional server, the offset within the audit period changes
+            Audit.scheduleAudit();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void serverFailed(Server server) {
+            // when one less server, the offset within the audit period changes
+            Audit.scheduleAudit();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class usually has a one-to-one correspondence with a 'TargetLock'
+     * instance, unless the 'TargetLock' has been abandoned.
+     */
+    private static class Identity implements Serializable {
+        // this is the key associated with the lock
+        String key;
+
+        // this is the key associated with the lock requestor
+        String ownerKey;
+
+        // this is a unique identifier assigned to the 'TargetLock'
+        UUID uuid;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initializes the 'Identity' instance, including the
+         * generation of the unique identifier.
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+         *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+         */
+        private Identity(String key, String ownerKey) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.ownerKey = ownerKey;
+            this.uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initializes the 'Identity' instance, with the 'uuid'
+         * value passed at initialization time (only used for auditing).
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+         * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+         */
+        private Identity(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.ownerKey = ownerKey;
+            this.uuid = uuid;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Free the lock associated with this 'Identity' instance.
+         *
+         * @return 'false' if the 'LocalLocks' data is not there, true' if it is
+         */
+        private boolean free() {
+            // free the lock
+            Bucket.forwardAndProcess(key, new Bucket.Message() {
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void process() {
+                    // the global lock entry is also on this server
+                    GlobalLocks.get(key).unlock(key, uuid);
+                }
+
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber) {
+                    logger.info("Sending free request to {}: key={}, owner={}, uuid={}",
+                        server, key, ownerKey, uuid);
+                    server.post("lock/free", null, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                        @Override
+                        public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                            return webTarget
+                                   .queryParam("key", key)
+                                   .queryParam("owner", ownerKey)
+                                   .queryParam("uuid", uuid.toString())
+                                   .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void response(Response response) {
+                            logger.info("Free response={} (code={})",
+                                        response, response.getStatus());
+                            switch (response.getStatus()) {
+                                case NO_CONTENT: {
+                                    // free successful -- don't need to do anything
+                                    break;
+                                }
+
+                                case LOCKED: {
+                                    // free failed
+                                    logger.error("TargetLock free failed, "
+                                                 + "key={}, owner={}, uuid={}",
+                                                 key, ownerKey, uuid);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+
+                                default:
+                                    logger.error("Unknown status: ", response.getStatus());
+                                    break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+            });
+
+            // clean up locallocks entry
+            LocalLocks localLocks = LocalLocks.get(ownerKey);
+            synchronized (localLocks) {
+                WeakReference<TargetLock> wr =
+                    localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.get(uuid);
+                if (wr == null) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.remove(wr);
+                localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.remove(uuid);
+                wr.clear();
+            }
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /***************************/
+        /* 'Object' class override */
+        /***************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean equals(Object other) {
+            if (other instanceof Identity) {
+                Identity identity = (Identity)other;
+                return uuid.equals(identity.uuid)
+                       && key.equals(identity.key)
+                       && ownerKey.equals(identity.ownerKey);
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * An instance of this class is used for 'TargetLock.context' when the
+     * lock is allocated within a Drools session. Its purpose is to ensure that
+     * the callback to 'TargetLock.owner' runs within the Drools thread.
+     */
+    private static class PolicySessionContext implements LockCallback, Serializable {
+        // the 'PolicySession' instance in question
+        PolicySession policySession;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initialize the 'policySession' field.
+         *
+         * @param policySession the Drools session
+         */
+        private PolicySessionContext(PolicySession policySession) {
+            this.policySession = policySession;
+        }
+
+        /*********************/
+        /* 'Owner' interface */
+        /*********************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockAvailable(final Lock lock) {
+            // Run 'owner.lockAvailable' within the Drools session
+            if (policySession != null) {
+                policySession.getKieSession().insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        ((TargetLock)lock).owner.lockAvailable(lock);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockUnavailable(Lock lock) {
+            // Run 'owner.unlockAvailable' within the Drools session
+            if (policySession != null) {
+                policySession.getKieSession().insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        ((TargetLock)lock).owner.lockUnavailable(lock);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*****************/
+        /* Serialization */
+        /*****************/
+
+        /**
+         * Specializes serialization of 'PolicySessionContext'.
+         */
+        private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
+            // 'PolicySession' can't be serialized directly --
+            // store as 'groupId', 'artifactId', 'sessionName'
+            PolicyContainer pc = policySession.getPolicyContainer();
+
+            out.writeObject(pc.getGroupId());
+            out.writeObject(pc.getArtifactId());
+            out.writeObject(policySession.getName());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Specializes deserialization of 'PolicySessionContext'.
+         */
+        private void readObject(ObjectInputStream in) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+            // 'PolicySession' can't be serialized directly --
+            // read in 'groupId', 'artifactId', 'sessionName'
+            String groupId = String.class.cast(in.readObject());
+            String artifactId = String.class.cast(in.readObject());
+            String sessionName = String.class.cast(in.readObject());
+
+            // locate the 'PolicySession' associated with
+            // 'groupId', 'artifactId', and 'sessionName'
+            for (PolicyContainer pc : PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                if (artifactId.equals(pc.getArtifactId())
+                        && groupId.equals(pc.getGroupId())) {
+                    // found 'PolicyContainer' -- look up the session
+                    policySession = pc.getPolicySession(sessionName);
+                    if (policySession == null) {
+                        logger.error("TargetLock.PolicySessionContext.readObject: "
+                                     + "Can't find session {}:{}:{}",
+                                     groupId, artifactId, sessionName);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class contains two tables that have entries for any 'TargetLock'
+     * in the 'ACTIVE' or 'WAITING' state. This is the "client" end of the
+     * lock implementation.
+     */
+    static class LocalLocks {
+        // this table makes it easier to clean up locks that have been
+        // abandoned (see 'AbandonedHandler')
+        private Map<WeakReference<TargetLock>, Identity> weakReferenceToIdentity = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+        // this table is used to locate a 'TargetLock' instance from a UUID
+        private Map<UUID, WeakReference<TargetLock>> uuidToWeakReference =
+            new HashMap<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Fetch the 'LocalLocks' entry associated with a particular owner key
+         * (it is created if necessary).
+         *
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+         *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+         * @return the associated 'LocalLocks' instance (it should never be 'null')
+         */
+        private static LocalLocks get(String ownerKey) {
+            return Bucket.getBucket(ownerKey).getAdjunct(LocalLocks.class);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class contains the actual lock table, which is the "server" end
+     * of the lock implementation.
+     */
+    public static class GlobalLocks implements Serializable {
+        // this is the lock table, mapping 'key' to 'LockEntry', which indicates
+        // the current lock holder, and all those waiting
+        private Map<String, LockEntry> keyToEntry = new HashMap<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Fetch the 'GlobalLocks' entry associated with a particular key
+         * (it is created if necessary).
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock
+         * @return the associated 'GlobalLocks' instance
+         *     (it should never be 'null')
+         */
+        private static GlobalLocks get(String key) {
+            return Bucket.getBucket(key).getAdjunct(GlobalLocks.class);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Do the 'lock' operation -- lock immediately, if possible. If not,
+         * get on the waiting list, if requested.
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket
+         *     owned by the current host
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner
+         * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+         *     (on the originating host)
+         * @param waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already
+         *     locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail
+         * @return the lock State corresponding to the current request
+         */
+        synchronized State lock(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid, boolean waitForLock) {
+            synchronized (keyToEntry) {
+                LockEntry entry = keyToEntry.get(key);
+                if (entry == null) {
+                    // there is no existing entry -- create one, and return ACTIVE
+                    entry = new LockEntry(key, ownerKey, uuid);
+                    keyToEntry.put(key, entry);
+                    sendUpdate(key);
+                    return State.ACTIVE;
+                }
+                if (waitForLock) {
+                    // the requestor is willing to wait -- get on the waiting list,
+                    // and return WAITING
+                    entry.waitingList.add(new Waiting(ownerKey, uuid));
+                    sendUpdate(key);
+                    return State.WAITING;
+                }
+
+                // the requestor is not willing to wait -- return FREE,
+                // which will be interpreted as a failure
+                return State.FREE;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Free a lock or a pending lock request.
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock
+         * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+         */
+        synchronized void unlock(String key, UUID uuid) {
+            synchronized (keyToEntry) {
+                final LockEntry entry = keyToEntry.get(key);
+                if (entry == null) {
+                    logger.error("GlobalLocks.unlock: unknown lock, key={}, uuid={}",
+                                 key, uuid);
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (entry.currentOwnerUuid.equals(uuid)) {
+                    // this is the current lock holder
+                    if (entry.waitingList.isEmpty()) {
+                        // free this lock
+                        keyToEntry.remove(key);
+                    } else {
+                        // pass it on to the next one in the list
+                        Waiting waiting = entry.waitingList.remove();
+                        entry.currentOwnerKey = waiting.ownerKey;
+                        entry.currentOwnerUuid = waiting.ownerUuid;
+
+                        entry.notifyNewOwner(this);
+                    }
+                    sendUpdate(key);
+                } else {
+                    // see if one of the waiting entries is being freed
+                    for (Waiting waiting : entry.waitingList) {
+                        if (waiting.ownerUuid.equals(uuid)) {
+                            entry.waitingList.remove(waiting);
+                            sendUpdate(key);
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Notify all features that an update has occurred on this GlobalLock.
+         *
+         * @param key the key associated with the change
+         *     (used to locate the bucket)
+         */
+        private void sendUpdate(String key) {
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(key);
+            for (ServerPoolApi feature : ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()) {
+                feature.lockUpdate(bucket, this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*===============*/
+        /* Serialization */
+        /*===============*/
+
+        private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream out) throws IOException {
+            synchronized (this) {
+                out.defaultWriteObject();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Each instance of this object corresponds to a single key in the lock
+     * table. It includes the current holder of the lock, as well as
+     * any that are waiting.
+     */
+    private static class LockEntry implements Serializable {
+        // string key identifying the lock
+        String key;
+
+        // string key identifying the owner
+        String currentOwnerKey;
+
+        // UUID identifying the original 'TargetLock
+        UUID currentOwnerUuid;
+
+        // list of pending lock requests for this key
+        Queue<Waiting> waitingList = new LinkedList<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initialize the 'LockEntry'.
+         *
+         * @param key string key identifying the lock, which must hash to a bucket
+         *     owned by the current host
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner
+         * @param uuid the UUID that uniquely identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+         */
+        private LockEntry(String key, String ownerKey, UUID uuid) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.currentOwnerKey = ownerKey;
+            this.currentOwnerUuid = uuid;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method is called after the 'currentOwnerKey' and
+         * 'currentOwnerUuid' fields have been updated, and it notifies the new
+         * owner that they now have the lock.
+         *
+         * @param globalLocks the 'GlobalLocks' instance containing this entry
+         */
+        private void notifyNewOwner(final GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+            Bucket.forwardAndProcess(currentOwnerKey, new Bucket.Message() {
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void process() {
+                    // the new owner is on this host
+                    incomingLocked(key, currentOwnerKey, currentOwnerUuid, 1);
+                }
+
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void sendToServer(Server server, int bucketNumber) {
+                    // the new owner is on a remote host
+                    logger.info("Sending locked notification to {}: key={}, owner={}, uuid={}",
+                        server, key, currentOwnerKey, currentOwnerUuid);
+                    server.post("lock/locked", null, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                        @Override
+                        public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                            return webTarget
+                                   .queryParam("key", key)
+                                   .queryParam("owner", currentOwnerKey)
+                                   .queryParam("uuid", currentOwnerUuid.toString())
+                                   .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                        }
+
+                        @Override
+                        public void response(Response response) {
+                            logger.info("Locked response={} (code={})",
+                                        response, response.getStatus());
+                            switch (response.getStatus()) {
+                                case NO_CONTENT: {
+                                    // successful -- we are done
+                                    break;
+                                }
+
+                                default: {
+                                    // notification failed -- free this one
+                                    globalLocks.unlock(key, currentOwnerUuid);
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+                }
+            });
+
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This corresponds to a member of 'LockEntry.waitingList'
+     */
+    private static class Waiting implements Serializable {
+        // string key identifying the owner
+        String ownerKey;
+
+        // uniquely identifies the new owner 'TargetLock'
+        UUID ownerUuid;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor.
+         *
+         * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner
+         * @param ownerUuid uniquely identifies the new owner 'TargetLock'
+         */
+        private Waiting(String ownerKey, UUID ownerUuid) {
+            this.ownerKey = ownerKey;
+            this.ownerUuid = ownerUuid;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Backup data associated with a 'GlobalLocks' instance.
+     */
+    static class LockBackup implements Bucket.Backup {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public Bucket.Restore generate(int bucketNumber) {
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(bucketNumber);
+
+            // just remove 'LocalLocks' -- it will need to be rebuilt from
+            // 'TargetLock' instances
+            bucket.removeAdjunct(LocalLocks.class);
+
+            // global locks need to be transferred
+            GlobalLocks globalLocks = bucket.removeAdjunct(GlobalLocks.class);
+            return globalLocks == null ? null : new LockRestore(globalLocks);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to restore a 'GlobalLocks' instance from a backup.
+     */
+    static class LockRestore implements Bucket.Restore, Serializable {
+        GlobalLocks globalLocks;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - runs as part of backup (deserialization bypasses this constructor).
+         *
+         * @param globalLocks GlobalLocks instance extracted as part of backup
+         */
+        LockRestore(GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+            this.globalLocks = globalLocks;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void restore(int bucketNumber) {
+            // fetch bucket
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(bucketNumber);
+
+            // update the adjunct
+            if (bucket.putAdjunct(globalLocks) != null) {
+                logger.error("LockRestore({}): GlobalLocks adjunct already existed",
+                             bucketNumber);
+            }
+
+            // notify features of the 'globalLocks' update
+            for (ServerPoolApi feature : ServerPoolApi.impl.getList()) {
+                feature.lockUpdate(bucket, globalLocks);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is a deamon that monitors the 'abandoned' queue. If an
+     * ACTIVE 'TargetLock' is abandoned, the GC will eventually place the
+     * now-empty 'WeakReference' in this queue.
+     */
+    private static class AbandonedHandler extends Thread {
+        AbandonedHandler() {
+            super("TargetLock.AbandonedHandler");
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method camps on the 'abandoned' queue, processing entries as
+         * they are received.
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            while (abandonedHandler != null) {
+                try {
+                    Reference<? extends TargetLock> wr = abandoned.remove();
+                    TargetLock notify = null;
+
+                    // At this point, we know that 'ref' is a
+                    // 'WeakReference<TargetLock>' instance that has been abandoned,
+                    // but we don't know what the associated 'Identity' instance
+                    // is. Here, we search through every bucket looking for a
+                    // matching entry. The assumption is that this is rare enough,
+                    // and due to a bug, so it doesn't hurt to spend extra CPU time
+                    // here. The alternative is to add some additional information
+                    // to make this mapping quick, at the expense of a slight
+                    // slow down of normal lock operations.
+                    for (int i = 0 ; i < Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT ; i += 1) {
+                        LocalLocks localLocks =
+                            Bucket.getBucket(i).getAdjunctDontCreate(LocalLocks.class);
+                        if (localLocks != null) {
+                            // the adjunct does exist -- see if the WeakReference
+                            // instance is known to this bucket
+                            synchronized (localLocks) {
+                                Identity identity =
+                                    localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.get(wr);
+                                if (identity != null) {
+                                    // found it
+                                    logger.error("Abandoned TargetLock: bucket={}, "
+                                                 + "key={}, ownerKey={}, uuid={}",
+                                                 i, identity.key, identity.ownerKey,
+                                                 identity.uuid);
+                                    identity.free();
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    logger.error("TargetLock.AbandonedHandler exception", e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // create a single instance of 'AbandonedHandler', and start it
+    private static AbandonedHandler abandonedHandler = new AbandonedHandler();
+
+    static {
+        abandonedHandler.start();
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class handles the '/cmd/dumpLocks' REST command.
+     */
+    static class DumpLocks {
+        // indicates whether a more detailed dump should be done
+        private boolean detail;
+
+        // this table maps the 'TargetLock' UUID into an object containing
+        // both client (LocalLocks) and server (GlobalLocks) information
+        private Map<UUID, MergedData> mergedDataMap =
+            new TreeMap<>(Util.uuidComparator);
+
+        // this table maps the 'TargetLock' key into the associated 'LockEntry'
+        // (server end)
+        private Map<String, LockEntry> lockEntries = new TreeMap<>();
+
+        // this table maps the 'TargetLock' key into entries that only exist
+        // on the client end
+        private Map<String, MergedData> clientOnlyEntries = new TreeMap<>();
+
+        // display format (although it is now dynamically adjusted)
+        private String format = "%-14s %-14s %-36s %-10s %s\n";
+
+        // calculation of maximum key length for display
+        private int keyLength = 10;
+
+        // calculation of maximum owner key length for display
+        private int ownerKeyLength = 10;
+
+        // 'true' if any comments need to be displayed (affects format)
+        private boolean commentsIncluded = false;
+
+        /**
+         * Entry point for the '/cmd/dumpLocks' REST command.
+         *
+         * @param out where the output should be displayed
+         * @param detail 'true' provides additional bucket and host information
+         *     (but abbreviates all UUIDs in order to avoid excessive
+         *     line length)
+         */
+        static void dumpLocks(PrintStream out, boolean detail)
+            throws InterruptedException, IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+            // the actual work is done in the constructor
+            new DumpLocks(out, detail);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Entry point for the '/lock/dumpLocksData' REST command, which generates
+         * a byte stream for this particular host.
+         *
+         * @param serverUuid the UUID of the intended destination server
+         * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+         *     the message may take
+         * @return a base64-encoded byte stream containing serialized 'HostData'
+         */
+        static byte[] dumpLocksData(UUID serverUuid, int ttl) throws IOException {
+            if (!Server.getThisServer().getUuid().equals(serverUuid)) {
+                if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+                    Server server = Server.getServer(serverUuid);
+                    if (server != null) {
+                        WebTarget webTarget =
+                            server.getWebTarget("lock/dumpLocksData");
+                        if (webTarget != null) {
+                            logger.info("Forwarding 'lock/dumpLocksData' to uuid {}",
+                                        serverUuid);
+                            return webTarget
+                                   .queryParam("server", serverUuid.toString())
+                                   .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                                   .request().get(byte[].class);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // if we reach this point, we didn't forward for some reason
+
+                logger.error("Couldn't forward 'lock/dumpLocksData to uuid {}",
+                             serverUuid);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            return Base64.getEncoder().encode(Util.serialize(new HostData()));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - does the '/cmd/dumpLocks' REST command.
+         *
+         * @param out where the output should be displayed
+         */
+        DumpLocks(PrintStream out, boolean detail)
+            throws IOException, InterruptedException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+            this.detail = detail;
+
+            // receives responses from  '/lock/dumpLocksData'
+            final LinkedTransferQueue<Response> responseQueue =
+                new LinkedTransferQueue<>();
+
+            // generate a count of the number of external servers that should respond
+            int pendingResponseCount = 0;
+
+            // iterate over all of the servers
+            for (final Server server : Server.getServers()) {
+                if (server == Server.getThisServer()) {
+                    // skip this server -- we will handle it differently
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // keep a running count
+                pendingResponseCount += 1;
+                server.post("lock/dumpLocksData", null, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                    @Override
+                    public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("server", server.getUuid().toString())
+                               .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void response(Response response) {
+                        // responses are queued, and the main thread will collect them
+                        responseQueue.put(response);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            // this handles data associated with this server -- it also goes through
+            // serialization/deserialization, which provides a deep copy of the data
+            populateLockData(dumpLocksData(Server.getThisServer().getUuid(), 0));
+
+            // now, poll for responses from all of the the other servers
+            while (pendingResponseCount > 0) {
+                pendingResponseCount -= 1;
+                Response response = responseQueue.poll(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+                if (response == null) {
+                    // timeout -- we aren't expecting any more responses
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // populate data associated with this server
+                populateLockData(response.readEntity(byte[].class));
+            }
+
+            // we have processed all of the servers that we are going to,
+            // now generate the output
+            dump(out);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * process base64-encoded data from a server (local or remote).
+         *
+         * @param data base64-encoded data (class 'HostData')
+         */
+        void populateLockData(byte[] data) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+            Object decodedData = Util.deserialize(Base64.getDecoder().decode(data));
+            if (decodedData instanceof HostData) {
+                // deserialized data
+                HostData hostData = (HostData)decodedData;
+
+                // fetch 'Server' instance associated with the responding server
+                Server server = Server.getServer(hostData.hostUuid);
+
+                // process the client-end data
+                for (ClientData clientData : hostData.clientDataList) {
+                    // 'true' if the bucket associated with this 'ClientData'
+                    // doesn't belong to the remote server, as far as we can tell
+                    boolean serverMismatch =
+                        Bucket.bucketToServer(clientData.bucketNumber) != server;
+
+                    // each 'ClientDataRecord' instance corresponds to an
+                    // active 'Identity' (TargetLock) instance
+                    for (ClientDataRecord cdr : clientData.clientDataRecords) {
+                        // update maximum 'key' and 'ownerKey' lengths
+                        updateKeyLength(cdr.identity.key);
+                        updateOwnerKeyLength(cdr.identity.ownerKey);
+
+                        // fetch UUID
+                        UUID uuid = cdr.identity.uuid;
+
+                        // fetch/generate 'MergeData' instance for this UUID
+                        MergedData md = mergedDataMap.get(uuid);
+                        if (md == null) {
+                            md = new MergedData(uuid);
+                            mergedDataMap.put(uuid, md);
+                        }
+
+                        // update 'MergedData.clientDataRecord'
+                        if (md.clientDataRecord == null) {
+                            md.clientDataRecord = cdr;
+                        } else {
+                            md.comment("Duplicate client entry for UUID");
+                        }
+
+                        if (serverMismatch) {
+                            // need to generate an additional error
+                            md.comment(server.toString()
+                                       + "(client) does not own bucket "
+                                       + clientData.bucketNumber);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // process the server-end data
+                for (ServerData serverData : hostData.serverDataList) {
+                    // 'true' if the bucket associated with this 'ServerData'
+                    // doesn't belong to the remote server, as far as we can tell
+                    boolean serverMismatch =
+                        Bucket.bucketToServer(serverData.bucketNumber) != server;
+
+                    // each 'LockEntry' instance corresponds to the current holder
+                    // of a lock, and all requestors waiting for it to be freed
+                    for (LockEntry le : serverData.globalLocks.keyToEntry.values()) {
+                        // update maximum 'key' and 'ownerKey' lengths
+                        updateKeyLength(le.key);
+                        updateOwnerKeyLength(le.currentOwnerKey);
+
+                        // fetch uuid
+                        UUID uuid = le.currentOwnerUuid;
+
+                        // fetch/generate 'MergeData' instance for this UUID
+                        MergedData md = mergedDataMap.get(uuid);
+                        if (md == null) {
+                            md = new MergedData(uuid);
+                            mergedDataMap.put(uuid, md);
+                        }
+
+                        // update 'lockEntries' table entry
+                        if (lockEntries.get(le.key) != null) {
+                            md.comment("Duplicate server entry for key " + le.key);
+                        } else {
+                            lockEntries.put(le.key, le);
+                        }
+
+                        // update 'MergedData.serverLockEntry'
+                        // (leave 'MergedData.serverWaiting' as 'null', because
+                        // this field is only used for waiting entries)
+                        if (md.serverLockEntry == null) {
+                            md.serverLockEntry = le;
+                        } else {
+                            md.comment("Duplicate server entry for UUID");
+                        }
+
+                        if (serverMismatch) {
+                            // need to generate an additional error
+                            md.comment(server.toString()
+                                       + "(server) does not own bucket "
+                                       + serverData.bucketNumber);
+                        }
+
+                        // we need 'MergeData' entries for all waiting requests
+                        for (Waiting waiting : le.waitingList) {
+                            // update maximum 'ownerKey' length
+                            updateOwnerKeyLength(waiting.ownerKey);
+
+                            // fetch uuid
+                            uuid = waiting.ownerUuid;
+
+                            // fetch/generate 'MergeData' instance for this UUID
+                            md = mergedDataMap.get(uuid);
+                            if (md == null) {
+                                md = new MergedData(uuid);
+                                mergedDataMap.put(uuid, md);
+                            }
+
+                            // update 'MergedData.serverLockEntry' and
+                            // 'MergedData.serverWaiting'
+                            if (md.serverLockEntry == null) {
+                                md.serverLockEntry = le;
+                                md.serverWaiting = waiting;
+                            } else {
+                                md.comment("Duplicate server entry for UUID");
+                            }
+
+                            if (serverMismatch) {
+                                // need to generate an additional error
+                                md.comment(server.toString()
+                                           + "(server) does not own bucket "
+                                           + serverData.bucketNumber);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                logger.error("TargetLock.DumpLocks.populateLockData: "
+                             + "received data has class "
+                             + decodedData.getClass().getName());
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Do some additional sanity checks on the 'MergedData', and then
+         * display all of the results.
+         *
+         * @param out where the output should be displayed
+         */
+        void dump(PrintStream out) {
+            // iterate over the 'MergedData' instances looking for problems
+            for (MergedData md : mergedDataMap.values()) {
+                if (md.clientDataRecord == null) {
+                    md.comment("Client data missing");
+                } else if (md.serverLockEntry == null) {
+                    md.comment("Server data missing");
+                    clientOnlyEntries.put(md.clientDataRecord.identity.key, md);
+                } else if (!md.clientDataRecord.identity.key.equals(md.serverLockEntry.key)) {
+                    md.comment("Client key(" + md.clientDataRecord.identity.key
+                               + ") server key(" + md.serverLockEntry.key
+                               + ") mismatch");
+                } else {
+                    String serverOwnerKey = (md.serverWaiting == null
+                        ? md.serverLockEntry.currentOwnerKey : md.serverWaiting.ownerKey);
+                    if (!md.clientDataRecord.identity.ownerKey.equals(serverOwnerKey)) {
+                        md.comment("Client owner key("
+                                   + md.clientDataRecord.identity.ownerKey
+                                   + ") server owner key(" + serverOwnerKey
+                                   + ") mismatch");
+                    }
+                    // TBD: test for state mismatch
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (detail) {
+                // generate format based upon the maximum key length, maximum
+                // owner key length, and whether comments are included anywhere
+                format = "%-" + keyLength + "s %6s %-9s  %-" + ownerKeyLength
+                         + "s %6s %-9s  %-9s %-10s" + (commentsIncluded ? " %s\n" : "\n");
+
+                // dump out the header
+                out.printf(format, "Key", "Bucket", "Host UUID",
+                           "Owner Key", "Bucket", "Host UUID",
+                           "Lock UUID", "State", "Comments");
+                out.printf(format, "---", "------", "---------",
+                           "---------", "------", "---------",
+                           "---------", "-----", "--------");
+            } else {
+                // generate format based upon the maximum key length, maximum
+                // owner key length, and whether comments are included anywhere
+                format = "%-" + keyLength + "s %-" + ownerKeyLength
+                         + "s %-36s %-10s" + (commentsIncluded ? " %s\n" : "\n");
+
+                // dump out the header
+                out.printf(format, "Key", "Owner Key", "UUID", "State", "Comments");
+                out.printf(format, "---", "---------", "----", "-----", "--------");
+            }
+
+            // iterate over the server table
+            for (LockEntry le : lockEntries.values()) {
+                // fetch merged data
+                MergedData md = mergedDataMap.get(le.currentOwnerUuid);
+
+                // dump out record associated with lock owner
+                if (detail) {
+                    out.printf(format,
+                               le.key, getBucket(le.key), bucketOwnerUuid(le.key),
+                               le.currentOwnerKey, getBucket(le.currentOwnerKey),
+                               bucketOwnerUuid(le.currentOwnerKey),
+                               abbrevUuid(le.currentOwnerUuid),
+                               md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                } else {
+                    out.printf(format,
+                               le.key, le.currentOwnerKey, le.currentOwnerUuid,
+                               md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                }
+                dumpMoreComments(out, md);
+
+                // iterate over all requests waiting for this lock
+                for (Waiting waiting: le.waitingList) {
+                    // fetch merged data
+                    md = mergedDataMap.get(waiting.ownerUuid);
+
+                    // dump out record associated with waiting request
+                    if (detail) {
+                        out.printf(format,
+                                   "", "", "",
+                                   waiting.ownerKey, getBucket(waiting.ownerKey),
+                                   bucketOwnerUuid(waiting.ownerKey),
+                                   abbrevUuid(waiting.ownerUuid),
+                                   md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                    } else {
+                        out.printf(format, "", waiting.ownerKey, waiting.ownerUuid,
+                                   md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                    }
+                    dumpMoreComments(out, md);
+                }
+            }
+
+            // client records that don't have matching server entries
+            for (MergedData md : clientOnlyEntries.values()) {
+                ClientDataRecord cdr = md.clientDataRecord;
+                if (detail) {
+                    out.printf(format,
+                               cdr.identity.key, getBucket(cdr.identity.key),
+                               bucketOwnerUuid(cdr.identity.key),
+                               cdr.identity.ownerKey,
+                               getBucket(cdr.identity.ownerKey),
+                               bucketOwnerUuid(cdr.identity.ownerKey),
+                               abbrevUuid(cdr.identity.uuid),
+                               md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                } else {
+                    out.printf(format, cdr.identity.key, cdr.identity.ownerKey,
+                               cdr.identity.uuid, md.getState(), md.firstComment());
+                }
+                dumpMoreComments(out, md);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method converts a String keyword into the corresponding bucket
+         * number.
+         *
+         * @param key the keyword to be converted
+         * @return the bucket number
+         */
+        private static int getBucket(String key) {
+            return Bucket.bucketNumber(key);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Determine the abbreviated UUID associated with a key.
+         *
+         * @param key the keyword to be converted
+         * @return the abbreviated UUID of the bucket owner
+         */
+        private static String bucketOwnerUuid(String key) {
+            // fetch the bucket
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(Bucket.bucketNumber(key));
+
+            // fetch the bucket owner (may be 'null' if unassigned)
+            Server owner = bucket.getOwner();
+
+            return owner == null ? "NONE" : abbrevUuid(owner.getUuid());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Convert a UUID to an abbreviated form, which is the
+         * first 8 hex digits of the UUID, followed by the character '*'.
+         *
+         * @param uuid the UUID to convert
+         * @return the abbreviated form
+         */
+        private static String abbrevUuid(UUID uuid) {
+            return uuid.toString().substring(0, 8) + "*";
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * If the 'MergedData' instance has more than one comment,
+         * dump out comments 2-n.
+         *
+         * @param out where the output should be displayed
+         * @param md the MergedData instance
+         */
+        void dumpMoreComments(PrintStream out, MergedData md) {
+            if (md.comments.size() > 1) {
+                Queue<String> comments = new LinkedList<>(md.comments);
+
+                // remove the first entry, because it has already been displayed
+                comments.remove();
+                for (String comment : comments) {
+                    if (detail) {
+                        out.printf(format, "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", comment);
+                    } else {
+                        out.printf(format, "", "", "", "", comment);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Check the length of the specified 'key', and update 'keyLength' if
+         * it exceeds the current maximum.
+         *
+         * @param key the key to be tested
+         */
+        void updateKeyLength(String key) {
+            int length = key.length();
+            if (length > keyLength) {
+                keyLength = length;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Check the length of the specified 'ownerKey', and update
+         * 'ownerKeyLength' if it exceeds the current maximum.
+         *
+         * @param ownerKey the owner key to be tested
+         */
+        void updateOwnerKeyLength(String ownerKey) {
+            int length = ownerKey.length();
+            if (length > ownerKeyLength) {
+                ownerKeyLength = length;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* ============================== */
+
+        /**
+         * Each instance of this class corresponds to client and/or server
+         * data structures, and is used to check consistency between the two.
+         */
+        class MergedData {
+            // the client/server UUID
+            UUID uuid;
+
+            // client-side data (from LocalLocks)
+            ClientDataRecord clientDataRecord = null;
+
+            // server-side data (from GlobalLocks)
+            LockEntry serverLockEntry = null;
+            Waiting serverWaiting = null;
+
+            // detected problems, such as server/client mismatches
+            Queue<String> comments = new LinkedList<String>();
+
+            /**
+             * Constructor - initialize the 'uuid'.
+             *
+             * @param uuid the UUID that identifies the original 'TargetLock'
+             */
+            MergedData(UUID uuid) {
+                this.uuid = uuid;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * add a comment to the list, and indicate that there are now
+             * comments present.
+             *
+             * @param co the comment to add
+             */
+            void comment(String co) {
+                comments.add(co);
+                commentsIncluded = true;
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Return the first comment, or an empty string if there are no
+             *     comments.
+             *
+             * @return the first comment, or an empty string if there are no
+             *     comments (useful for formatting output).
+             */
+            String firstComment() {
+                return comments.isEmpty() ? "" : comments.poll();
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * Return a string description of the state.
+             *
+             * @return a string description of the state.
+             */
+            String getState() {
+                return clientDataRecord == null
+                    ? "MISSING" : clientDataRecord.state.toString();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This class contains all of the data sent from each host to the
+         * host that is consolidating the information for display.
+         */
+        static class HostData implements Serializable {
+            // the UUID of the host sending the data
+            UUID hostUuid;
+
+            // all of the information derived from the 'LocalLocks' data
+            List<ClientData> clientDataList;
+
+            // all of the information derived from the 'GlobalLocks' data
+            List<ServerData> serverDataList;
+
+            /**
+             * Constructor - this goes through all of the lock tables,
+             * and populates 'clientDataList' and 'serverDataList'.
+             */
+            HostData() {
+                // fetch UUID
+                hostUuid = Server.getThisServer().getUuid();
+
+                // initial storage for client and server data
+                clientDataList = new ArrayList<ClientData>();
+                serverDataList = new ArrayList<ServerData>();
+
+                // go through buckets
+                for (int i = 0 ; i < Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT ; i += 1) {
+                    Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(i);
+
+                    // client data
+                    LocalLocks localLocks =
+                        bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(LocalLocks.class);
+                    if (localLocks != null) {
+                        // we have client data for this bucket
+                        ClientData clientData = new ClientData(i);
+                        clientDataList.add(clientData);
+
+                        synchronized (localLocks) {
+                            for (WeakReference<TargetLock> wr :
+                                    localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.keySet()) {
+                                // Note: 'targetLock' may be 'null' if it has
+                                // been abandoned, and garbage collected
+                                TargetLock targetLock = wr.get();
+
+                                // fetch associated 'identity'
+                                Identity identity =
+                                    localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.get(wr);
+                                if (identity != null) {
+                                    // add a new 'ClientDataRecord' for this bucket
+                                    clientData.clientDataRecords.add(
+                                        new ClientDataRecord(identity,
+                                            (targetLock == null ? null :
+                                            targetLock.getState())));
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // server data
+                    GlobalLocks globalLocks =
+                        bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(GlobalLocks.class);
+                    if (globalLocks != null) {
+                        // server data is already in serializable form
+                        serverDataList.add(new ServerData(i, globalLocks));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Information derived from the 'LocalLocks' adjunct to a single bucket.
+         */
+        static class ClientData implements Serializable {
+            // number of the bucket
+            int bucketNumber;
+
+            // all of the client locks within this bucket
+            List<ClientDataRecord> clientDataRecords;
+
+            /**
+             * Constructor - initially, there are no 'clientDataRecords'.
+             *
+             * @param bucketNumber the bucket these records are associated with
+             */
+            ClientData(int bucketNumber) {
+                this.bucketNumber = bucketNumber;
+                clientDataRecords = new ArrayList<>();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This corresponds to the information contained within a
+         * single 'TargetLock'.
+         */
+        static class ClientDataRecord implements Serializable {
+            // contains key, ownerKey, uuid
+            Identity identity;
+
+            // state field of 'TargetLock'
+            // (may be 'null' if there is no 'TargetLock')
+            State state;
+
+            /**
+             * Constructor - initialize the fields.
+             *
+             * @param identity contains key, ownerKey, uuid
+             * @param state the state if the 'TargetLock' exists, and 'null' if it
+             *     has been garbage collected
+             */
+            ClientDataRecord(Identity identity, State state) {
+                this.identity = identity;
+                this.state = state;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Information derived from the 'GlobalLocks' adjunct to a single bucket.
+         */
+        static class ServerData implements Serializable {
+            // number of the bucket
+            int bucketNumber;
+
+            // server-side data associated with a single bucket
+            GlobalLocks globalLocks;
+
+            /**
+             * Constructor - initialize the fields.
+             *
+             * @param bucketNumber the bucket these records are associated with
+             * @param globalLocks GlobalLocks instance associated with 'bucketNumber'
+             */
+            ServerData(int bucketNumber, GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+                this.bucketNumber = bucketNumber;
+                this.globalLocks = globalLocks;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Instances of 'AuditData' are passed between servers as part of the
+     * 'TargetLock' audit.
+     */
+    static class AuditData implements Serializable {
+        // sending UUID
+        UUID hostUuid;
+
+        // client records that currently exist, or records to be cleared
+        // (depending upon message) -- client/server is from the senders side
+        List<Identity> clientData;
+
+        // server records that currently exist, or records to be cleared
+        // (depending upon message) -- client/server is from the senders side
+        List<Identity> serverData;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - set 'hostUuid' to the current host, and start with
+         * empty lists.
+         */
+        AuditData() {
+            hostUuid = Server.getThisServer().getUuid();
+            clientData = new ArrayList<Identity>();
+            serverData = new ArrayList<Identity>();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This is called when we receive an incoming 'AuditData' object from
+         * a remote host.
+         *
+         * @param includeWarnings if 'true', generate warning messages
+         *     for mismatches
+         * @return an 'AuditData' instance that only contains records we
+         *     can't confirm
+         */
+        AuditData generateResponse(boolean includeWarnings) {
+            AuditData response = new AuditData();
+
+            // compare remote servers client data with our server data
+            for (Identity identity : clientData) {
+                // we are the server in this case
+                Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(identity.key);
+                GlobalLocks globalLocks =
+                    bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(GlobalLocks.class);
+
+                if (globalLocks != null) {
+                    Map<String, LockEntry> keyToEntry = globalLocks.keyToEntry;
+                    synchronized (keyToEntry) {
+                        LockEntry le = keyToEntry.get(identity.key);
+                        if (le != null) {
+                            if (identity.uuid.equals(le.currentOwnerUuid)
+                                    && identity.ownerKey.equals(le.currentOwnerKey)) {
+                                // we found a match
+                                continue;
+                            }
+
+                            // check the waiting list
+                            boolean match = false;
+                            for (Waiting waiting : le.waitingList) {
+                                if (identity.uuid.equals(waiting.ownerUuid)
+                                        && identity.ownerKey.equals(waiting.ownerKey)) {
+                                    // we found a match on the waiting list
+                                    match = true;
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            if (match) {
+                                // there was a match on the waiting list
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // If we reach this point, a match was not confirmed. Note that it
+                // is possible that we got caught in a transient state, so we need
+                // to somehow make sure that we don't "correct" a problem that
+                // isn't real.
+
+                if (includeWarnings) {
+                    logger.warn("TargetLock audit issue: server match not found "
+                                + "(key={},ownerKey={},uuid={})",
+                                identity.key, identity.ownerKey, identity.uuid);
+                }
+
+                // it was 'clientData' to the sender, but 'serverData' to us
+                response.serverData.add(identity);
+            }
+
+            // test server data
+            for (Identity identity : serverData) {
+                // we are the client in this case
+                Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(identity.ownerKey);
+                LocalLocks localLocks =
+                    bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(LocalLocks.class);
+                if (localLocks != null) {
+                    synchronized (localLocks) {
+                        WeakReference<TargetLock> wr =
+                            localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.get(identity.uuid);
+                        if (wr != null) {
+                            Identity identity2 =
+                                localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.get(wr);
+                            if (identity2 != null
+                                    && identity.key.equals(identity2.key)
+                                    && identity.ownerKey.equals(identity2.ownerKey)) {
+                                // we have a match
+                                continue;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // If we reach this point, a match was not confirmed. Note that it
+                // is possible that we got caught in a transient state, so we need
+                // to somehow make sure that we don't "correct" a problem that
+                // isn't real.
+                if (includeWarnings) {
+                    logger.warn("TargetLock audit issue: client match not found "
+                                + "(key={},ownerKey={},uuid={})",
+                                identity.key, identity.ownerKey, identity.uuid);
+                }
+                response.clientData.add(identity);
+            }
+
+            return response;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * The response messages contain 'Identity' objects that match those
+         * in our outgoing '/lock/audit' message, but that the remote end could
+         * not confirm. Again, the definition of 'client' and 'server' are
+         * the remote ends' version.
+         *
+         * @param server the server we sent the request to
+         */
+        void processResponse(Server server) {
+            if (clientData.isEmpty() && serverData.isEmpty()) {
+                // no mismatches
+                logger.info("TargetLock audit with {} completed -- no mismatches",
+                            server);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // There are still mismatches -- note that 'clientData' and
+            // 'serverData' are from the remote end's perspective, which is the
+            // opposite of this end
+
+            for (Identity identity : clientData) {
+                // these are on our server end -- we were showing a lock on this
+                // end, but the other end has no such client
+                logger.error("Audit mismatch (GlobalLocks): (key={},owner={},uuid={})",
+                    identity.key, identity.ownerKey, identity.uuid);
+
+                // free the lock
+                GlobalLocks.get(identity.key).unlock(identity.key, identity.uuid);
+            }
+            for (Identity identity : serverData) {
+                // these are on our client end
+                logger.error("Audit mismatch (LocalLocks): (key={},owner={},uuid={})",
+                     identity.key, identity.ownerKey, identity.uuid);
+
+                // clean up 'LocalLocks' tables
+                LocalLocks localLocks = LocalLocks.get(identity.ownerKey);
+                TargetLock targetLock = null;
+                synchronized (localLocks) {
+                    WeakReference<TargetLock> wr =
+                        localLocks.uuidToWeakReference.get(identity.uuid);
+                    if (wr != null) {
+                        targetLock = wr.get();
+                        localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.remove(wr);
+                        localLocks.uuidToWeakReference
+                        .remove(identity.uuid);
+                        wr.clear();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (targetLock != null) {
+                    // may need to update state
+                    synchronized (targetLock) {
+                        if (targetLock.state != State.FREE) {
+                            targetLock.state = State.LOST;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            logger.info("TargetLock audit with {} completed -- {} mismatches",
+                        server, clientData.size() + serverData.size());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Serialize and base64-encode this 'AuditData' instance, so it can
+         * be sent in a message.
+         *
+         * @return a byte array, which can be decoded and deserialized at
+         *     the other end ('null' is returned if there were any problems)
+         */
+        byte[] encode() {
+            try {
+                return Base64.getEncoder().encode(Util.serialize(this));
+            } catch (IOException e) {
+                logger.error("TargetLock.AuditData.encode Exception", e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Base64-decode and deserialize a byte array.
+         *
+         * @param encodedData a byte array encoded via 'AuditData.encode'
+         *     (typically on the remote end of a connection)
+         * @return an 'AuditData' instance if decoding was successful,
+         *     and 'null' if not
+         */
+        static AuditData decode(byte[] encodedData) {
+            try {
+                Object decodedData =
+                    Util.deserialize(Base64.getDecoder().decode(encodedData));
+                if (decodedData instanceof AuditData) {
+                    return (AuditData)decodedData;
+                } else {
+                    logger.error(
+                        "TargetLock.AuditData.decode returned instance of class {}",
+                        decodedData.getClass().getName());
+                    return null;
+                }
+            } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                logger.error("TargetLock.AuditData.decode Exception", e);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class contains methods that control the audit. Also, sn instance of
+     * 'Audit' is created for each audit that is in progress.
+     */
+    static class Audit {
+        // if non-null, it means that we have a timer set that periodicall
+        // triggers the audit
+        static TimerTask timerTask = null;
+
+        // maps 'Server' to audit data associated with that server
+        Map<Server,AuditData> auditMap = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Run a single audit cycle.
+         */
+        static void runAudit() {
+            try {
+                logger.info("Starting TargetLock audit");
+                Audit audit = new Audit();
+
+                // populate 'auditMap' table
+                audit.build();
+
+                // send to all of the servers in 'auditMap' (may include this server)
+                audit.send();
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                logger.error("TargetLock audit interrupted", e);
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Schedule the audit to run periodically based upon defined properties.
+         */
+        static void scheduleAudit() {
+            scheduleAudit(auditPeriod, auditGracePeriod);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Schedule the audit to run periodically -- all of the hosts arrange to
+         * run their audit at a different time, evenly spaced across the audit
+         * period.
+         *
+         * @param period how frequently to run the audit, in milliseconds
+         * @param gracePeriod ensure that the audit doesn't run until at least
+         *     'gracePeriod' milliseconds have passed from the current time
+         */
+        static synchronized void scheduleAudit(final long period, final long gracePeriod) {
+
+            if (timerTask != null) {
+                // cancel current timer
+                timerTask.cancel();
+                timerTask = null;
+            }
+
+            // this needs to run in the 'MainLoop' thread, because it is dependent
+            // upon the list of servers, and our position in this list
+            MainLoop.queueWork(new Runnable() {
+                /**
+                 * {@inheritDoc}
+                 */
+                @Override
+                public void run() {
+                    // current list of servers
+                    Collection<Server> servers = Server.getServers();
+
+                    // count of the number of servers
+                    int count = servers.size();
+
+                    // will contain our position in this list
+                    int index = 0;
+
+                    // current server
+                    Server thisServer = Server.getThisServer();
+
+                    for (Server server : servers) {
+                        if (server == thisServer) {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        index += 1;
+                    }
+
+                    // if index == count, we didn't find this server
+                    // (which shouldn't happen)
+
+                    if (index < count) {
+                        // The servers are ordered by UUID, and 'index' is this
+                        // server's position within the list. Suppose the period is
+                        // 60000 (60 seconds), and there are 5 servers -- the first one
+                        // will run the audit at 0 seconds after the minute, the next
+                        // at 12 seconds after the minute, then 24, 36, 48.
+                        long offset = (period * index) / count;
+
+                        // the earliest time we want the audit to run
+                        long time = System.currentTimeMillis() + gracePeriod;
+                        long startTime = time - (time % period) + offset;
+                        if (startTime <= time) {
+                            startTime += period;
+                        }
+                        synchronized (Audit.class) {
+                            if (timerTask != null) {
+                                timerTask.cancel();
+                            }
+                            timerTask = new TimerTask() {
+                                @Override
+                                public void run() {
+                                    runAudit();
+                                }
+                            };
+
+                            // now, schedule the timer
+                            Util.timer.scheduleAtFixedRate(
+                                timerTask, new Date(startTime), period);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Handle an incoming '/lock/audit' message.
+         *
+         * @param serverUuid the UUID of the intended destination server
+         * @param ttl similar to IP time-to-live -- it controls the number of hops
+         * @param data base64-encoded data, containing a serialized 'AuditData'
+         *     instance
+         * @return a serialized and base64-encoded 'AuditData' response
+         */
+        static byte[] incomingAudit(UUID serverUuid, int ttl, byte[] encodedData) {
+            if (!Server.getThisServer().getUuid().equals(serverUuid)) {
+                if ((ttl -= 1) > 0) {
+                    Server server = Server.getServer(serverUuid);
+                    if (server != null) {
+                        WebTarget webTarget = server.getWebTarget("lock/audit");
+                        if (webTarget != null) {
+                            logger.info("Forwarding 'lock/audit' to uuid {}",
+                                        serverUuid);
+                            Entity<String> entity =
+                                Entity.entity(new String(encodedData),
+                                              MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                            return webTarget
+                                   .queryParam("server", serverUuid.toString())
+                                   .queryParam("ttl", String.valueOf(ttl))
+                                   .request().post(entity, byte[].class);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // if we reach this point, we didn't forward for some reason
+
+                logger.error("Couldn't forward 'lock/audit to uuid {}", serverUuid);
+                return null;
+            }
+
+            AuditData auditData = AuditData.decode(encodedData);
+            if (auditData != null) {
+                AuditData auditResp = auditData.generateResponse(true);
+                return auditResp.encode();
+            }
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method populates the 'auditMap' table by going through all of
+         * the client and server lock data, and sorting it according to the
+         * remote server.
+         */
+        void build() {
+            for (int i = 0 ; i < Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT ; i += 1) {
+                Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(i);
+
+                // client data
+                LocalLocks localLocks =
+                    bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(LocalLocks.class);
+                if (localLocks != null) {
+                    synchronized (localLocks) {
+                        // we have client data for this bucket
+                        for (Identity identity :
+                                localLocks.weakReferenceToIdentity.values()) {
+                            // find or create the 'AuditData' instance associated
+                            // with the server owning the 'key'
+                            AuditData auditData = getAuditData(identity.key);
+                            if (auditData != null) {
+                                auditData.clientData.add(identity);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // server data
+                GlobalLocks globalLocks =
+                    bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(GlobalLocks.class);
+                if (globalLocks != null) {
+                    // we have server data for this bucket
+                    Map<String, LockEntry> keyToEntry = globalLocks.keyToEntry;
+                    synchronized (keyToEntry) {
+                        for (LockEntry le : keyToEntry.values()) {
+                            // find or create the 'AuditData' instance associated
+                            // with the current 'ownerKey'
+                            AuditData auditData = getAuditData(le.currentOwnerKey);
+                            if (auditData != null) {
+                                // create an 'Identity' entry, and add it to
+                                // the list associated with the remote server
+                                auditData.serverData.add(
+                                    new Identity(le.key, le.currentOwnerKey,
+                                                 le.currentOwnerUuid));
+                            }
+
+                            for (Waiting waiting : le.waitingList) {
+                                // find or create the 'AuditData' instance associated
+                                // with the waiting entry 'ownerKey'
+                                auditData = getAuditData(waiting.ownerKey);
+                                if (auditData != null) {
+                                    // create an 'Identity' entry, and add it to
+                                    // the list associated with the remote server
+                                    auditData.serverData.add(
+                                        new Identity(le.key, waiting.ownerKey,
+                                                     waiting.ownerUuid));
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Find or create the 'AuditData' structure associated with a particular
+         * key.
+         */
+        AuditData getAuditData(String key) {
+            // map 'key -> bucket number', and then 'bucket number' -> 'server'
+            Server server = Bucket.bucketToServer(Bucket.bucketNumber(key));
+            if (server != null) {
+                AuditData auditData = auditMap.get(server);
+                if (auditData == null) {
+                    // doesn't exist yet -- create it
+                    auditData = new AuditData();
+                    auditMap.put(server, auditData);
+                }
+                return auditData;
+            }
+
+            // this happens when the bucket has not been assigned to a server yet
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Using the collected 'auditMap', send out the messages to all of the
+         * servers.
+         */
+        void send() throws InterruptedException {
+            if (auditMap.isEmpty()) {
+                logger.info("TargetLock audit: no locks on this server");
+            } else {
+                logger.info("TargetLock audit: sending audit information to {}",
+                            auditMap.keySet());
+            }
+
+            for (final Server server : auditMap.keySet()) {
+                // fetch audit data
+                AuditData auditData = auditMap.get(server);
+
+                if (server == Server.getThisServer()) {
+                    // process this locally
+                    final AuditData respData = auditData.generateResponse(true);
+                    if (respData.clientData.isEmpty()
+                            && respData.serverData.isEmpty()) {
+                        // no mismatches
+                        logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: "
+                                    + "no errors from self ({})", server);
+                        continue;
+                    }
+
+                    // do the rest in a separate thread
+                    server.getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
+                        @Override
+                        public void run() {
+                            // wait a few seconds, and see if we still know of these
+                            // errors
+                            logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: "
+                                        + "mismatches from self ({})", server);
+                            try {
+                                Thread.sleep(auditRetryDelay);
+                            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                                logger.error("TargetLock.Audit.send: Interrupted "
+                                             + "handling audit response from self ({})",
+                                             server);
+                                // just abort
+                                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                                return;
+                            }
+
+                            // This will check against our own data -- any mismatches
+                            // mean that things have changed since we sent out the
+                            // first message. We will remove any mismatches from
+                            // 'respData', and see if there are any left.
+                            AuditData mismatches = respData.generateResponse(false);
+
+                            respData.serverData.removeAll(mismatches.clientData);
+                            respData.clientData.removeAll(mismatches.serverData);
+
+                            if (respData.clientData.isEmpty()
+                                    && respData.serverData.isEmpty()) {
+                                // no mismatches --
+                                // there must have been transient issues on our side
+                                logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: "
+                                            + "no mismatches from self "
+                                            + "({}) after retry", server);
+                                return;
+                            }
+
+                            // any mismatches left in 'respData' are still issues
+                            respData.processResponse(server);
+                        }
+                    });
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // serialize
+                byte[] encodedData = auditData.encode();
+                if (encodedData == null) {
+                    // error has already been displayed
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // generate entity
+                Entity<String> entity =
+                    Entity.entity(new String(encodedData),
+                                  MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+
+                server.post("lock/audit", entity, new Server.PostResponse() {
+                    @Override
+                    public WebTarget webTarget(WebTarget webTarget) {
+                        // include the 'uuid' keyword
+                        return webTarget
+                               .queryParam("server", server.getUuid().toString())
+                               .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive);
+                    }
+
+                    @Override
+                    public void response(Response response) {
+                        // process the response here
+                        AuditData respData =
+                            AuditData.decode(response.readEntity(byte[].class));
+                        if (respData == null) {
+                            logger.error("TargetLock.Audit.send: "
+                                         + "couldn't process response from {}",
+                                         server);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // if we reach this point, we got a response
+                        if (respData.clientData.isEmpty()
+                                && respData.serverData.isEmpty()) {
+                            // no mismatches
+                            logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: "
+                                        + "no errors from {}", server);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // wait a few seconds, and see if we still know of these
+                        // errors
+                        logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: mismatches from {}",
+                                    server);
+                        try {
+                            Thread.sleep(auditRetryDelay);
+                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                            logger.error("TargetLock.Audit.send: Interrupted "
+                                         + "handling audit response from {}",
+                                         server);
+                            // just abort
+                            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // This will check against our own data -- any mismatches
+                        // mean that things have changed since we sent out the
+                        // first message. We will remove any mismatches from
+                        // 'respData', and see if there are any left.
+                        AuditData mismatches = respData.generateResponse(false);
+
+                        respData.serverData.removeAll(mismatches.clientData);
+                        respData.clientData.removeAll(mismatches.serverData);
+
+                        if (respData.clientData.isEmpty()
+                                && respData.serverData.isEmpty()) {
+                            // no mismatches --
+                            // there must have been transient issues on our side
+                            logger.info("TargetLock.Audit.send: no mismatches from "
+                                        + "{} after retry", server);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // any mismatches left in 'respData' are still there --
+                        // hopefully, they are transient issues on the other side
+                        AuditData auditData = new AuditData();
+                        auditData.clientData = respData.serverData;
+                        auditData.serverData = respData.clientData;
+
+                        // serialize
+                        byte[] encodedData = auditData.encode();
+                        if (encodedData == null) {
+                            // error has already been displayed
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // generate entity
+                        Entity<String> entity =
+                            Entity.entity(new String(encodedData),
+                                          MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+
+                        // send new list to other end
+                        response = server
+                                   .getWebTarget("lock/audit")
+                                   .queryParam("server", server.getUuid().toString())
+                                   .queryParam("ttl", timeToLive)
+                                   .request().post(entity);
+
+                        respData = AuditData.decode(response.readEntity(byte[].class));
+                        if (respData == null) {
+                            logger.error("TargetLock.auditDataBuilder.send: "
+                                         + "couldn't process response from {}",
+                                         server);
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // if there are mismatches left, they are presumably real
+                        respData.processResponse(server);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Util.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Util.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2ad0a401
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/Util.java
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.DataInputStream;
+import java.io.DataOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.Timer;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class Util {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Util.class);
+    // create a shared 'Timer' instance
+    public static final Timer timer = new Timer("Server Pool Timer", true);
+
+    /**
+     * Internally, UUID objects use two 'long' variables, and the default
+     * comparison is signed, which means the order for the first and 16th digit
+     * is: '89abcdef01234567', while the order for the rest is
+     * '0123456789abcdef'.
+     * The following comparator uses the ordering '0123456789abcdef' for all
+     * digits.
+     */
+    public static final Comparator<UUID> uuidComparator =
+        new Comparator<UUID>() {
+            public int compare(UUID u1, UUID u2) {
+                // compare most significant portion
+                int rval = Long.compareUnsigned(u1.getMostSignificantBits(),
+                                                u2.getMostSignificantBits());
+                if (rval == 0) {
+                    // most significant portion matches --
+                    // compare least significant portion
+                    rval = Long.compareUnsigned(u1.getLeastSignificantBits(),
+                                                u2.getLeastSignificantBits());
+                }
+                return rval;
+            }
+        };
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * write a UUID to an output stream.
+     *
+     * @param ds the output stream
+     * @param uuid the uuid to write
+     */
+    public static void writeUuid(DataOutputStream ds, UUID uuid) throws IOException {
+        // write out 16 byte UUID
+        ds.writeLong(uuid.getMostSignificantBits());
+        ds.writeLong(uuid.getLeastSignificantBits());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * read a UUID from an input stream.
+     *
+     * @param ds the input stream
+     */
+    public static UUID readUuid(DataInputStream ds) throws IOException {
+        long mostSigBits = ds.readLong();
+        long leastSigBits = ds.readLong();
+        return new UUID(mostSigBits, leastSigBits);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Read from an 'InputStream' until EOF or until it is closed.  This method
+     * may block, depending on the type of 'InputStream'.
+     *
+     * @param input This is the input stream
+     * @return A 'String' containing the contents of the input stream
+     */
+    public static String inputStreamToString(InputStream input) {
+        try {
+            return IOUtils.toString(input, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
+            logger.error("Util.inputStreamToString error", e);
+            return "";
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Serialize an object into a byte array.
+     *
+     * @param object the object to serialize
+     * @return a byte array containing the serialized object
+     * @throws IOException this may be an exception thrown by the output stream,
+     *     a NotSerializableException if an object can't be serialized, or an
+     *     InvalidClassException
+     */
+    public static byte[] serialize(Object object) throws IOException {
+        try (ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+                    ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos)) {
+            oos.writeObject(object);
+            oos.flush();
+            return bos.toByteArray();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deserialize a byte array into an object.
+     *
+     * @param data a byte array containing the serialized object
+     * @return the deserialized object
+     * @throws IOException this may be an exception thrown by the input stream,
+     *     a StreamCorrupted Exception if the information in the stream is not
+     *     consistent, an OptionalDataException if the input data primitive data,
+     *     rather than an object, or InvalidClassException
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object can't
+     *     be found
+     */
+    public static Object deserialize(byte[] data) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
+                    ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bis)) {
+            return ois.readObject();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Deserialize a byte array into an object.
+     *
+     * @param data a byte array containing the serialized object
+     * @param classLoader the class loader to use when locating classes
+     * @return the deserialized object
+     * @throws IOException this may be an exception thrown by the input stream,
+     *     a StreamCorrupted Exception if the information in the stream is not
+     *     consistent, an OptionalDataException if the input data primitive data,
+     *     rather than an object, or InvalidClassException
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the class of a serialized object can't
+     *     be found
+     */
+    public static Object deserialize(byte[] data, ClassLoader classLoader)
+        throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
+
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(data);
+                    ExtendedObjectInputStream ois =
+                        new ExtendedObjectInputStream(bis, classLoader)) {
+            return ois.readObject();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shutdown the timer thread.
+     */
+    public static void shutdown() {
+        timer.cancel();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/persistence/Persistence.java b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/persistence/Persistence.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..295194d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/persistence/Persistence.java
@@ -0,0 +1,875 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.persistence;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
+import java.util.Base64;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.LinkedList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
+import javax.ws.rs.POST;
+import javax.ws.rs.Path;
+import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
+import javax.ws.rs.client.WebTarget;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+
+import org.kie.api.event.rule.ObjectDeletedEvent;
+import org.kie.api.event.rule.ObjectInsertedEvent;
+import org.kie.api.event.rule.ObjectUpdatedEvent;
+import org.kie.api.event.rule.RuleRuntimeEventListener;
+import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.DroolsRunnable;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicyContainer;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Bucket;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Keyword;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Server;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolApi;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.TargetLock.GlobalLocks;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Util;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyControllerConstants;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides a persistence implementation for 'feature-server-pool',
+ * backing up the data of selected Drools sessions and server-side 'TargetLock'
+ * data on separate hosts.
+ */
+public class Persistence implements PolicySessionFeatureApi, ServerPoolApi {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Persistence.class);
+
+    /***************************************/
+    /* 'PolicySessionFeatureApi' interface */
+    /***************************************/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getSequenceNumber() {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void newPolicySession(PolicySession policySession) {
+        // a new Drools session is being created -- look at the properties
+        // 'persistence.<session-name>.type' and 'persistence.type' to determine
+        // whether persistence is enabled for this session
+
+        // fetch properties file
+        PolicyContainer container = policySession.getPolicyContainer();
+        Properties properties = PolicyControllerConstants.getFactory().get(
+            container.getGroupId(), container.getArtifactId()).getProperties();
+
+        // look at 'persistence.<session-name>.type', and 'persistence.type'
+        String type = properties.getProperty("persistence." + policySession.getName() + ".type");
+        if (type == null) {
+            type = properties.getProperty("persistence.type");
+        }
+
+        if ("auto".equals(type) || "native".equals(type)) {
+            // persistence is enabled this session
+            policySession.setAdjunct(PersistenceRunnable.class,
+                                     new PersistenceRunnable(policySession));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /*****************************/
+    /* 'ServerPoolApi' interface */
+    /*****************************/
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Collection<Class<?>> servletClasses() {
+        // the nested class 'Rest' contains additional REST calls
+        List<Class<?>> classes = new LinkedList<>();
+        classes.add(Rest.class);
+        return classes;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void restoreBucket(Bucket bucket) {
+        // if we reach this point, no data was received from the old server, which
+        // means we just initialized, or we did not have a clean bucket migration
+
+        ReceiverBucketData rbd = bucket.removeAdjunct(ReceiverBucketData.class);
+        if (rbd != null) {
+            // there is backup data -- do a restore
+            rbd.restoreBucket(bucket);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void lockUpdate(Bucket bucket, GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+        // we received a notification from 'TargetLock' that 'GlobalLocks' data
+        // has changed (TBD: should any attempt be made to group updates that
+        // occur in close succession?)
+
+        sendLockDataToBackups(bucket, globalLocks);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void auditBucket(Bucket bucket, boolean isOwner, boolean isBackup) {
+        if (isOwner) {
+            // it may be that backup hosts have changed --
+            // send out lock and session data
+
+            // starting with lock data
+            GlobalLocks globalLocks =
+                bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(GlobalLocks.class);
+            if (globalLocks != null) {
+                sendLockDataToBackups(bucket, globalLocks);
+            }
+
+            // now, session data
+            SenderBucketData sbd =
+                bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(SenderBucketData.class);
+            if (sbd != null) {
+                synchronized (sbd) {
+                    // go through all of the sessions where we have persistent data
+                    for (PolicySession session : sbd.sessionData.keySet()) {
+                        Object obj = session.getAdjunct(PersistenceRunnable.class);
+                        if (obj instanceof PersistenceRunnable) {
+                            PersistenceRunnable pr = (PersistenceRunnable)obj;
+                            synchronized (pr.modifiedBuckets) {
+                                // mark bucket associated with this session
+                                // as modified
+                                pr.modifiedBuckets.add(bucket);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        } else if (bucket.removeAdjunct(SenderBucketData.class) != null) {
+            logger.warn("Bucket {}: Removed superfluous "
+                        + "'SenderBucketData' adjunct",
+                        bucket.getIndex());
+        }
+        if (!isBackup && bucket.removeAdjunct(ReceiverBucketData.class) != null) {
+            logger.warn("Bucket {}: Removed superfluous "
+                        + "'ReceiverBucketData' adjunct",
+                        bucket.getIndex());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method supports 'lockUpdate' -- it has been moved to a separate
+     * 'static' method, so it can also be called after restoring 'GlobalLocks',
+     * so it can be backed up on its new servers.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the bucket containing the 'GlobalLocks' adjunct
+     * @param globalLocks the 'GlobalLocks' adjunct
+     */
+    private static void sendLockDataToBackups(Bucket bucket, GlobalLocks globalLocks) {
+        final int bucketNumber = bucket.getIndex();
+        SenderBucketData sbd = bucket.getAdjunct(SenderBucketData.class);
+        int lockCount = 0;
+
+        // serialize the 'globalLocks' instance
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        try {
+            ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
+            synchronized (globalLocks) {
+                // the 'GlobalLocks' instance and counter are tied together
+                oos.writeObject(globalLocks);
+                lockCount = sbd.getLockCountAndIncrement();
+            }
+            oos.close();
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            logger.error("Persistence.LockUpdate({})", bucketNumber, e);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // convert to Base64, and generate an 'Entity' for the REST call
+        byte[] serializedData = Base64.getEncoder().encode(bos.toByteArray());
+        final Entity<String> entity =
+            Entity.entity(new String(serializedData),
+                          MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+        final int count = lockCount;
+
+        // build list of backup servers
+        Set<Server> servers = new HashSet<>();
+        synchronized (bucket) {
+            servers.add(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+            servers.add(bucket.getSecondaryBackup());
+        }
+        for (final Server server : servers) {
+            if (server != null) {
+                // send out REST command
+                server.getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        WebTarget webTarget =
+                            server.getWebTarget("persistence/lock");
+                        if (webTarget != null) {
+                            webTarget
+                            .queryParam("bucket", bucketNumber)
+                            .queryParam("count", count)
+                            .queryParam("dest", server.getUuid())
+                            .request().post(entity);
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * One instance of this class exists for every Drools session that is
+     * being backed up. It implements the 'RuleRuntimeEventListener' interface,
+     * so it receives notifications of Drools object changes, and also implements
+     * the 'DroolsRunnable' interface, so it can run within the Drools session
+     * thread, which should reduce the chance of catching an object in a
+     * transient state.
+     */
+    static class PersistenceRunnable implements DroolsRunnable,
+        RuleRuntimeEventListener {
+        // this is the Drools session associated with this instance
+        private PolicySession session;
+
+        // this is the string "<groupId>:<artifactId>:<sessionName>"
+        private String encodedSessionName;
+
+        // the buckets in this session which have modifications that still
+        // need to be backed up
+        private Set<Bucket> modifiedBuckets = new HashSet<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - save the session information, and start listing for
+         * updates.
+         */
+        PersistenceRunnable(PolicySession session) {
+            PolicyContainer pc = session.getPolicyContainer();
+
+            this.session = session;
+            this.encodedSessionName =
+                pc.getGroupId() + ":" + pc.getArtifactId() + ":" + session.getName();
+            session.getKieSession().addEventListener(this);
+        }
+
+        /******************************/
+        /* 'DroolsRunnable' interface */
+        /******************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            try {
+                // save a snapshot of 'modifiedBuckets'
+                Set<Bucket> saveModifiedBuckets;
+                synchronized (modifiedBuckets) {
+                    saveModifiedBuckets = new HashSet<>(modifiedBuckets);
+                    modifiedBuckets.clear();
+                }
+
+                // iterate over all of the modified buckets, sending update data
+                // to all of the backup servers
+                for (Bucket bucket : saveModifiedBuckets) {
+                    SenderBucketData sbd =
+                        bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(SenderBucketData.class);
+                    if (sbd != null) {
+                        // serialization occurs within the Drools session thread
+                        SenderSessionBucketData ssbd = sbd.getSessionData(session);
+                        byte[] serializedData =
+                            ssbd.getLatestEncodedSerializedData();
+                        final int count = ssbd.getCount();
+                        final Entity<String> entity =
+                            Entity.entity(new String(serializedData),
+                                          MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+
+                        // build list of backup servers
+                        Set<Server> servers = new HashSet<>();
+                        synchronized (bucket) {
+                            servers.add(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+                            servers.add(bucket.getSecondaryBackup());
+                        }
+                        for (final Server server : servers) {
+                            if (server != null) {
+                                // send out REST command
+                                server.getThreadPool().execute(new Runnable() {
+                                    @Override
+                                    public void run() {
+                                        WebTarget webTarget =
+                                            server.getWebTarget("persistence/session");
+                                        if (webTarget != null) {
+                                            webTarget
+                                            .queryParam("bucket",
+                                                        bucket.getIndex())
+                                            .queryParam("session",
+                                                        encodedSessionName)
+                                            .queryParam("count", count)
+                                            .queryParam("dest", server.getUuid())
+                                            .request().post(entity);
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                logger.error("Persistence.PersistenceRunnable.run:", e);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /****************************************/
+        /* 'RuleRuntimeEventListener' interface */
+        /****************************************/
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void objectDeleted(ObjectDeletedEvent event) {
+            // determine Drools object that was deleted
+            Object object = event.getOldObject();
+
+            // determine keyword, if any
+            String keyword = Keyword.lookupKeyword(object);
+            if (keyword == null) {
+                // no keyword, so there is no associated bucket
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // locate bucket and associated data
+            // (don't create adjunct if it isn't there -- there's nothing to delete)
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(keyword);
+            SenderBucketData sbd =
+                bucket.getAdjunctDontCreate(SenderBucketData.class);
+            if (sbd != null) {
+                // add bucket to 'modified' list
+                synchronized (modifiedBuckets) {
+                    modifiedBuckets.add(bucket);
+                }
+
+                // update set of Drools objects in this bucket
+                sbd.getSessionData(session).objectDeleted(object);
+
+                // insert this 'DroolsRunnable' to do the backup (note that it
+                // may already be inserted from a previous update to this
+                // DroolsSession -- eventually, the rule will fire, and the 'run'
+                // method will be called)
+                session.getKieSession().insert(this);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void objectInserted(ObjectInsertedEvent event) {
+            objectChanged(event.getObject());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void objectUpdated(ObjectUpdatedEvent event) {
+            objectChanged(event.getObject());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * A Drools session object was either inserted or updated
+         * (both are treated the same way).
+         *
+         * @param object the object being inserted or updated
+         */
+        private void objectChanged(Object object) {
+            // determine keyword, if any
+            String keyword = Keyword.lookupKeyword(object);
+            if (keyword == null) {
+                // no keyword, so there is no associated bucket
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // locate bucket and associated data
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(keyword);
+            SenderBucketData sbd = bucket.getAdjunct(SenderBucketData.class);
+
+            // add bucket to 'modified' list
+            synchronized (modifiedBuckets) {
+                modifiedBuckets.add(bucket);
+            }
+
+            // update set of Drools objects in this bucket
+            sbd.getSessionData(session).objectChanged(object);
+
+            // insert this 'DroolsRunnable' to do the backup (note that it
+            // may already be inserted from a previous update to this
+            // DroolsSession -- eventually, the rule will fire, and the 'run'
+            // method will be called)
+            session.getKieSession().insert(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Per-session data for a single bucket on the sender's side.
+     */
+    static class SenderSessionBucketData {
+        // the set of all objects in the session associated with this bucket
+        Map<Object,Object> droolsObjects = new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+        // used by the receiver to determine whether an update is really newer
+        int count = 0;
+
+        // serialized base64 form of 'droolsObjects'
+        // (TBD: determine if we are getting any benefit from caching this)
+        byte[] encodedSerializedData = null;
+
+        // 'true' means that 'encodedSerializedData' is out-of-date
+        boolean rebuildNeeded = true;
+
+        /**
+         * Notification that a Drools object associated with this bucket
+         * was deleted.
+         *
+         * @param object the object that was deleted
+         */
+        synchronized void objectDeleted(Object object) {
+            if (droolsObjects.remove(object) != null) {
+                rebuildNeeded = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Notification that a Drools object associated with this bucket
+         * was inserted or updated.
+         *
+         * @param object the object that was updated
+         */
+        synchronized void objectChanged(Object object) {
+            droolsObjects.put(object, object);
+            rebuildNeeded = true;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Serialize and base64-encode the objects in this Drools session.
+         *
+         * @return a byte array containing the encoded serialized objects
+         */
+        synchronized byte[] getLatestEncodedSerializedData() {
+            if (rebuildNeeded) {
+                try {
+                    // this should be run in the Drools session thread in order
+                    // to avoid transient data
+                    encodedSerializedData =
+                        Base64.getEncoder().encode(Util.serialize(droolsObjects));
+                    count += 1;
+                } catch (IOException e) {
+                    logger.error("Persistence.SenderSessionBucketData."
+                                 + "getLatestEncodedSerializedData: ", e);
+                }
+                rebuildNeeded = false;
+            }
+            return encodedSerializedData;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a counter that will be used for update comparison.
+         *
+         * @return the value of a counter that can be used to determine whether
+         *     an update is really newer than the previous update
+         */
+        synchronized int getCount() {
+            return count;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Data for a single bucket on the sender's side.
+     */
+    public static class SenderBucketData {
+        // maps session name into SenderSessionBucketData
+        Map<PolicySession, SenderSessionBucketData> sessionData =
+            new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+        // used by the receiver to determine whether an update is really newer
+        int lockCount = 0;
+
+        /**
+         * Create or fetch the 'SenderSessionBucketData' instance associated
+         * with the specified session.
+         *
+         * @param session the 'PolicySession' object
+         * @return the associated 'SenderSessionBucketData' instance
+         */
+        synchronized SenderSessionBucketData getSessionData(PolicySession session) {
+            // try to fetch the associated instance
+            SenderSessionBucketData rval = sessionData.get(session);
+            if (rval == null) {
+                // it doesn't exist, so create one
+                rval = new SenderSessionBucketData();
+                sessionData.put(session, rval);
+            }
+            return rval;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Return a counter that will be used for update comparison.
+         *
+         * @return the value of a counter that can be used to determine whether
+         *     an update is really newer than the previous update
+         */
+        int getLockCountAndIncrement() {
+            // note that this is synchronized using the 'GlobalLocks' instance
+            // within the same bucket
+            return lockCount++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Data for a single bucket and session on the receiver's side.
+     */
+    static class ReceiverSessionBucketData {
+        // used to determine whether an update is really newer
+        int count = -1;
+
+        // serialized base64 form of 'droolsObjects'
+        byte[] encodedSerializedData = null;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Data for a single bucket on the receiver's side -- this adjunct is used
+     * to store encoded data on a backup host. It will only be needed if the
+     * bucket owner fails.
+     */
+    public static class ReceiverBucketData {
+        // maps session name into encoded data
+        Map<String, ReceiverSessionBucketData> sessionData = new HashMap<>();
+
+        // used by the receiver to determine whether an update is really newer
+        int lockCount = -1;
+
+        // encoded lock data
+        byte[] lockData = null;
+
+        /**
+         * This method is called in response to the '/persistence/session'
+         * REST message. It stores the base64-encoded and serialized data
+         * for a particular bucket and session.
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber identifies the bucket
+         * @param sessionName identifies the Drools session
+         * @param count counter used to determine whether data is really newer
+         * @param data base64-encoded serialized data for this bucket and session
+         */
+        static void receiveSession(int bucketNumber, String sessionName, int count, byte[] data) {
+            // fetch the bucket
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(bucketNumber);
+
+            // create/fetch the 'ReceiverBucketData' adjunct
+            ReceiverBucketData rbd = bucket.getAdjunct(ReceiverBucketData.class);
+            synchronized (rbd) {
+                // update the session data
+                ReceiverSessionBucketData rsbd = rbd.sessionData.get(sessionName);
+                if (rsbd == null) {
+                    rsbd = new ReceiverSessionBucketData();
+                    rbd.sessionData.put(sessionName, rsbd);
+                }
+
+                if ((count - rsbd.count) > 0 || count == 0) {
+                    // this is new data
+                    rsbd.count = count;
+                    rsbd.encodedSerializedData = data;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method is called in response to the '/persistence/lock'
+         * REST message. It stores the base64-encoded and serialized
+         * server-side lock data associated with this bucket.
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber identifies the bucket
+         * @param count counter used to determine whether data is really newer
+         * @param data base64-encoded serialized lock data for this bucket
+         */
+        static void receiveLockData(int bucketNumber, int count, byte[] data) {
+            // fetch the bucket
+            Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(bucketNumber);
+
+            // create/fetch the 'ReceiverBucketData' adjunct
+            ReceiverBucketData rbd = bucket.getAdjunct(ReceiverBucketData.class);
+            synchronized (rbd) {
+                // update the lock data
+                if ((count - rbd.lockCount) > 0 || count == 0) {
+                    rbd.lockCount = count;
+                    rbd.lockData = data;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This method is called when a bucket is being restored from persistent
+         * data, which indicates that a clean migration didn't occur.
+         * Drools session and/or lock data is restored.
+         *
+         * @param bucket the bucket being restored
+         */
+        synchronized void restoreBucket(Bucket bucket) {
+            // one entry for each Drools session being restored --
+            // indicates when the restore is complete (restore runs within
+            // the Drools session thread)
+            List<CountDownLatch> sessionLatches = new LinkedList<>();
+            for (String sessionName : sessionData.keySet()) {
+                // [0]="<groupId>" [1]="<artifactId>", [2]="<sessionName>"
+                String[] nameSegments = sessionName.split(":");
+                PolicySession policySession = null;
+
+                // locate the 'PolicyContainer' and 'PolicySession'
+                if (nameSegments.length == 3) {
+                    // step through all 'PolicyContainer' instances looking
+                    // for a matching 'artifactId' & 'groupId'
+                    for (PolicyContainer pc : PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                        if (nameSegments[1].equals(pc.getArtifactId())
+                                && nameSegments[0].equals(pc.getGroupId())) {
+                            // 'PolicyContainer' matches -- try to fetch the session
+                            policySession = pc.getPolicySession(nameSegments[2]);
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (policySession == null) {
+                    logger.error("Persistence.ReceiverBucketData.restoreBucket: "
+                                 + "Can't find PolicySession{}", sessionName);
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                Object obj = null;
+                try {
+                    // deserialization needs to use the correct 'ClassLoader'
+                    ReceiverSessionBucketData rsbd = sessionData.get(sessionName);
+                    obj = Util.deserialize(Base64.getDecoder().decode(rsbd.encodedSerializedData),
+                        policySession.getPolicyContainer().getClassLoader());
+                } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    logger.error("Persistence.ReceiverBucketData.restoreBucket: "
+                                 + "Failed to read data for session '{}'",
+                                 sessionName, e);
+
+                    // can't decode -- skip this session
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (!(obj instanceof Map)) {
+                    logger.error("Persistence.ReceiverBucketData.restoreBucket: "
+                                 + "Session '{}' data has class {}, expected 'Map'",
+                                 sessionName, obj.getClass().getName());
+
+                    // wrong object type decoded -- skip this session
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // if we reach this point, we have decoded the persistent data
+
+                final Map<?,?> droolsObjects = (Map<?,?>) obj;
+
+                // signal when restore is complete
+                final CountDownLatch sessionLatch = new CountDownLatch(1);
+
+                // 'KieSession' object
+                final KieSession kieSession = policySession.getKieSession();
+
+                // run the following within the Drools session thread
+                kieSession.insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+                    /**
+                     * {@inheritDoc}
+                     */
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        try {
+                            // insert all of the Drools objects into the session
+                            for (Object obj : droolsObjects.keySet()) {
+                                kieSession.insert(obj);
+                            }
+                        } finally {
+                            // signal completion
+                            sessionLatch.countDown();
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+
+                // add this to the set of 'CountDownLatch's we are waiting for
+                sessionLatches.add(sessionLatch);
+            }
+
+            // restore lock data
+            if (lockData != null) {
+                Object obj = null;
+                try {
+                    // decode lock data
+                    obj = Util.deserialize(Base64.getDecoder().decode(lockData));
+                    if (obj instanceof GlobalLocks) {
+                        bucket.putAdjunct(obj);
+
+                        // send out updated date
+                        sendLockDataToBackups(bucket, (GlobalLocks)obj);
+                    } else {
+                        logger.error("Persistence.ReceiverBucketData.restoreBucket: "
+                                     + "Expected 'GlobalLocks', got '{}'",
+                                     obj.getClass().getName());
+                    }
+                } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException | IllegalArgumentException e) {
+                    logger.error("Persistence.ReceiverBucketData.restoreBucket: "
+                                 + "Failed to read lock data", e);
+                    // skip the lock data
+                }
+
+            }
+
+            // wait for all of the sessions to update
+            try {
+                for (CountDownLatch sessionLatch : sessionLatches) {
+                    if (!sessionLatch.await(10000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)) {
+                        logger.error("{}: timed out waiting for session latch",
+                                     this);
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                logger.error("Exception in {}", this, e);
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    @Path("/")
+    public static class Rest {
+        /**
+         * Handle the '/persistence/session' REST call.
+         */
+        @POST
+        @Path("/persistence/session")
+        @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+        public void receiveSession(@QueryParam("bucket") int bucket,
+                                   @QueryParam("session") String sessionName,
+                                   @QueryParam("count") int count,
+                                   @QueryParam("dest") UUID dest,
+                                   byte[] data) {
+            logger.debug("/persistence/session: (bucket={},session={},count={}) "
+                         + "got {} bytes of data",
+                         bucket, sessionName, count, data.length);
+            if (dest == null || dest.equals(Server.getThisServer().getUuid())) {
+                ReceiverBucketData.receiveSession(bucket, sessionName, count, data);
+            } else {
+                // This host is not the intended destination -- this could happen
+                // if it was sent from another site. Leave off the 'dest' param
+                // when forwarding the message, to ensure that we don't have
+                // an infinite forwarding loop, if the site data happens to be bad.
+                Server server;
+                WebTarget webTarget;
+
+                if ((server = Server.getServer(dest)) != null
+                        && (webTarget =
+                                server.getWebTarget("persistence/session")) != null) {
+                    Entity<String> entity =
+                        Entity.entity(new String(data),
+                                      MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                    webTarget
+                    .queryParam("bucket", bucket)
+                    .queryParam("session", sessionName)
+                    .queryParam("count", count)
+                    .request().post(entity);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Handle the '/persistence/lock' REST call.
+         */
+        @POST
+        @Path("/persistence/lock")
+        @Consumes(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM)
+        public void receiveLockData(@QueryParam("bucket") int bucket,
+                                    @QueryParam("count") int count,
+                                    @QueryParam("dest") UUID dest,
+                                    byte[] data) {
+            logger.debug("/persistence/lock: (bucket={},count={}) "
+                         + "got {} bytes of data", bucket, count, data.length);
+            if (dest == null || dest.equals(Server.getThisServer().getUuid())) {
+                ReceiverBucketData.receiveLockData(bucket, count, data);
+            } else {
+                // This host is not the intended destination -- this could happen
+                // if it was sent from another site. Leave off the 'dest' param
+                // when forwarding the message, to ensure that we don't have
+                // an infinite forwarding loop, if the site data happens to be bad.
+                Server server;
+                WebTarget webTarget;
+
+                if ((server = Server.getServer(dest)) != null
+                        && (webTarget = server.getWebTarget("persistence/lock")) != null) {
+                    Entity<String> entity =
+                        Entity.entity(new String(data),
+                                      MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM_TYPE);
+                    webTarget
+                    .queryParam("bucket", bucket)
+                    .queryParam("count", count)
+                    .request().post(entity);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3dc6a574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.control.api.DroolsPdpStateControlApi
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.FeatureServerPool
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApi b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApi
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8ad5a18f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApi
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.FeatureServerPool
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.persistence.Persistence
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyControllerFeatureApi b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyControllerFeatureApi
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3dc6a574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyControllerFeatureApi
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.FeatureServerPool
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyEngineFeatureApi b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyEngineFeatureApi
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3dc6a574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.features.PolicyEngineFeatureApi
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.FeatureServerPool
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolApi b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolApi
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a72d8cb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.ServerPoolApi
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.persistence.Persistence
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/AdapterImpl.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/AdapterImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bac13f18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/AdapterImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
+
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
+import java.util.Properties;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
+
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.Topic.CommInfrastructure;
+import org.onap.policy.common.endpoints.event.comm.TopicListener;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicyContainer;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.PolicySessionFeatureApiConstants;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.Adapter;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.BucketWrapper;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.ServerWrapper;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TargetLockWrapper;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyController;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.system.PolicyEngineConstants;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.util.KieUtils;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.utils.PropertyUtil;
+import org.powermock.reflect.Whitebox;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class implements the 'Adapter' interface. There is one 'AdapterImpl'
+ * class for each simulated host, and one instance of each 'AdapterImpl' class.
+ */
+public class AdapterImpl extends Adapter {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(AdapterImpl.class);
+
+    // Each 'AdapterImpl' instance has it's own class object, making it a
+    // singleton. There is only a single 'Adapter' class object, and all
+    // 'AdapterImpl' classes are derived from it.
+    private static AdapterImpl adapter = null;
+
+    // this is the adapter index
+    private int index;
+
+    // this will refer to the Drools session 'PolicyController' instance
+    private PolicyController policyController = null;
+
+    // this will refer to the Drools session 'PolicySession' instance
+    private PolicySession policySession = null;
+
+    // used by Drools session to signal back to Junit tests
+    private LinkedBlockingQueue<String> inotificationQueue =
+        new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
+
+    // provides indirect references to a select set of static 'Server' methods
+    private static ServerWrapper.Static serverStatic =
+        new ServerWrapperImpl.Static();
+
+    // provides indirect references to a select set of static 'Bucket' methods
+    private static BucketWrapper.Static bucketStatic =
+        new BucketWrapperImpl.Static();
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void init(int index) throws Exception {
+        adapter = this;
+        this.index = index;
+
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().configure(new Properties());
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().start();
+
+        // Note that this method does basically what
+        // 'FeatureServerPool.afterStart(PolicyEngine)' does, but allows us to
+        // specify different properties for each of the 6 simulated hosts
+        logger.info("{}: Running: AdapterImpl.init({}), class hash code = {}",
+                    this, index, AdapterImpl.class.hashCode());
+
+        Properties prop = new Properties();
+        prop.setProperty("server.pool.discovery.servers", "127.0.63.250");
+        prop.setProperty("server.pool.discovery.topic", "DISCOVERY-TOPIC");
+        prop.setProperty("server.pool.server.ipAddress", "127.0.63." + index);
+        prop.setProperty("server.pool.server.port", "20000");
+
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.path", "requestID,CommonHeader.RequestID,key");
+
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.org.onap.policy.m2.base.Transaction.lookup",
+                      "getRequestID()");
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.org.onap.policy.controlloop.ControlLoopEvent.lookup", "requestID");
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.TargetLock.lookup", "getOwnerKey()");
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.java.lang.String.lookup", "toString()");
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TestDroolsObject.lookup",
+                      "getKey()");
+        prop.setProperty("keyword.org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.Test1$KeywordWrapper.lookup", "key");
+
+        TargetLock.startup();
+        Server.startup(prop);
+
+        // use reflection to set private static field
+        // 'FeatureServerPool.droolsTimeoutMillis'
+        Whitebox.setInternalState(FeatureServerPool.class, "droolsTimeoutMillis",
+            ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_DROOLS_TIMEOUT);
+
+        // use reflection to set private static field
+        // 'FeatureServerPool.timeToLiveSecond'
+        Whitebox.setInternalState(FeatureServerPool.class, "timeToLiveSecond",
+            String.valueOf(ServerPoolProperties.DEFAULT_BUCKET_TIME_TO_LIVE));
+
+        // use reflection to call private static method
+        // 'FeatureServerPool.buildKeywordTable()'
+        Whitebox.invokeMethod(FeatureServerPool.class, "buildKeywordTable");
+
+        Bucket.Backup.register(new FeatureServerPool.DroolsSessionBackup());
+        Bucket.Backup.register(new TargetLock.LockBackup());
+
+        // dump out feature lists
+        logger.info("{}: ServerPoolApi features list: {}",
+                    this, ServerPoolApi.impl.getList());
+        logger.info("{}: PolicySessionFeatureApi features list: {}",
+                    this, PolicySessionFeatureApiConstants.getImpl().getList());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void shutdown() {
+        policyController.stop();
+        Server.shutdown();
+
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().stop();
+        PolicyEngineConstants.getManager().getExecutorService().shutdown();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public LinkedBlockingQueue<String> notificationQueue() {
+        return inotificationQueue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean waitForInit(long endTime) throws InterruptedException {
+        try {
+            // wait until a leader is elected
+            await().atMost(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis(),
+                    TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(() -> Leader.getLeader() != null);
+
+            // wait for each bucket to have an owner
+            for (int i = 0 ; i < Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT ; i += 1) {
+                Bucket bucket = Bucket.getBucket(i);
+                while (bucket.getOwner() == null) {
+                    Thread.sleep(Math.min(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), 100L));
+                }
+                //await().atMost(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis(),
+                //TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(() -> bucket.getOwner() != null);
+            }
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+            // 'Thread.sleep()' was passed a negative time-out value --
+            // time is up
+            logger.debug("AdapterImpl waitForInit error", e);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServerWrapper.Static getServerStatic() {
+        return serverStatic;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServerWrapper getLeader() {
+        return ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(Leader.getLeader());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public BucketWrapper.Static getBucketStatic() {
+        return bucketStatic;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(
+        String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner, boolean waitForLock) {
+
+        return TargetLockWrapperImpl.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner, waitForLock);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner) {
+        return TargetLockWrapperImpl.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void dumpLocks(PrintStream out, boolean detail) {
+        try {
+            TargetLock.DumpLocks.dumpLocks(out, detail);
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            logger.error("{}: Exception in 'dumpLocks'", this, e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String createController() {
+        Properties properties;
+
+        // set the thread class loader to be the same as the one associated
+        // with the 'AdapterImpl' instance, so it will be inherited by any
+        // new threads created (the Drools session thread, in particular)
+        ClassLoader saveClassLoader =
+            Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+        Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(AdapterImpl.class.getClassLoader());
+
+        try {
+            // build and install Drools artifact
+            KieUtils.installArtifact(
+                Paths.get("src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/META-INF/kmodule.xml").toFile(),
+                Paths.get("src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/pom.xml").toFile(),
+                "src/main/resources/rules/org/onap/policy/drools/core/test/rules.drl",
+                Paths.get("src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/rules.drl").toFile());
+
+            // load properties from file
+            properties = PropertyUtil.getProperties("src/test/resources/TestController-controller.properties");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(saveClassLoader);
+            return e.toString();
+        }
+
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        try {
+            // create and start 'PolicyController'
+            policyController = PolicyEngineConstants.getManager()
+                .createPolicyController("TestController", properties);
+            policyController.start();
+
+            // dump out container information (used for debugging tests)
+            sb.append("PolicyContainer count: ")
+            .append(PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers().size()).append('\n');
+            for (PolicyContainer policyContainer :
+                    PolicyContainer.getPolicyContainers()) {
+                sb.append("    name = ")
+                    .append(policyContainer.getName())
+                    .append('\n')
+                    .append("    session count = ")
+                    .append(policyContainer.getPolicySessions().size())
+                    .append('\n');
+                for (PolicySession pc : policyContainer.getPolicySessions()) {
+                    policySession = pc;
+                }
+            }
+        } finally {
+            Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(saveClassLoader);
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void sendEvent(String key) {
+        /*
+         * Note: the dumping out of package information was useful in tracking
+         * down strange Drools behavior that was eventually tied to the
+         * Drools class loader.
+         */
+        logger.info("{}: Calling 'sendEvent': packages = {}", this,
+                    policySession.getKieSession().getKieBase().getKiePackages());
+        ((TopicListener)policyController).onTopicEvent(
+            CommInfrastructure.UEB, "JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC",
+            "{\"key\":\"" + key + "\"}");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public KieSession getKieSession() {
+        return policySession == null ? null : policySession.getKieSession();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void insertDrools(Object object) {
+        if (policySession != null) {
+            /*
+             * this will eventually be changed to use the
+             * 'PolicySession.insertObject(...)' method
+             */
+            new FeatureServerPool().insertDrools(policySession, object);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean isForeign(Object... objects) {
+        boolean rval = false;
+        ClassLoader myClassLoader = AdapterImpl.class.getClassLoader();
+        for (Object o : objects) {
+            Class clazz = o.getClass();
+            ClassLoader objClassLoader = clazz.getClassLoader();
+
+            try {
+                if (myClassLoader != objClassLoader
+                        && clazz != myClassLoader.loadClass(clazz.getName())) {
+                    rval = true;
+                    logger.info("{}: FOREIGN OBJECT ({}) - {}",
+                                this, getAdapter(objClassLoader), o);
+                }
+            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+                rval = true;
+                logger.error("{}: FOREIGN OBJECT -- CLASS NOT FOUND ({}) - {}",
+                             this, getAdapter(objClassLoader), o);
+            }
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String findKey(String prefix, int startingIndex, ServerWrapper host) {
+        String rval = null;
+
+        // try up to 10000 numeric values to locate one on a particular host
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < 10000 ; i += 1) {
+            // generate key, and see if it is on the desired server
+            String testString = prefix + (startingIndex + i);
+            if (ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(
+                Bucket.bucketToServer(Bucket.bucketNumber(testString))) == host) {
+                // we have one that works
+                rval = testString;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String findKey(String prefix, int startingIndex) {
+        return findKey(prefix, startingIndex, serverStatic.getThisServer());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String findKey(String prefix) {
+        return findKey(prefix, 1, serverStatic.getThisServer());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "AdapterImpl[" + index + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return an Adapter.
+     *
+     * @return the 'Adapter' instance associated with the ClassLoader associated
+     *     with the current thread
+     */
+    public static Adapter getAdapter() {
+        /*
+         * Note that 'return(adapter)' doesn't work as expected when called from
+         * within a 'Drools' session, because of the strange way that the Drools
+         * 'ClassLoader' works -- it bypasses 'AdapterClassLoader' when doing
+         * class lookups, even though it is the immediate parent of the Drools
+         * session class loader.
+         */
+        return getAdapter(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return an Adapter.
+     *
+     * @param classLoader a ClassLoader instance
+     * @return the 'Adapter' instance associated with the specified ClassLoader
+     */
+    public static Adapter getAdapter(ClassLoader classLoader) {
+        try {
+            // locate the 'AdapterImpl' class associated with a particular
+            // 'ClassLoader' (which may be different from the current one)
+            Class<?> thisAdapterClass =
+                classLoader.loadClass("org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.AdapterImpl");
+
+            // return the 'adapter' field value
+            return Whitebox.getInternalState(thisAdapterClass, "adapter");
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/BucketWrapperImpl.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/BucketWrapperImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ca89d99a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/BucketWrapperImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.BucketWrapper;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.ServerWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * This class implements the 'BucketWrapper' interface. There is one
+ * 'BucketWrapperImpl' class for each simulated host.
+ */
+public class BucketWrapperImpl implements BucketWrapper {
+    // this maps a 'Bucket' instance on this host to an associated wrapper
+    private static IdentityHashMap<Bucket, BucketWrapperImpl> bucketToWrapper =
+        new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+    // this is the 'Bucket' instance associated with the wrapper
+    private Bucket bucket;
+
+    /**
+     * This method maps a 'Bucket' instance into a 'BucketWrapperImpl'
+     * instance. The goal is to have only a single 'BucketWrapperImpl' instance
+     * for each 'Bucket' instance, so that testing for identity will work
+     * as expected.
+     *
+     * @param bucket the 'Bucket' instance
+     * @return the associated 'BucketWrapperImpl' instance
+     */
+    static synchronized BucketWrapperImpl getWrapper(Bucket bucket) {
+        if (bucket == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        BucketWrapperImpl rval = bucketToWrapper.get(bucket);
+        if (rval == null) {
+            // a matching entry does not yet exist -- create one
+            rval = new BucketWrapperImpl(bucket);
+            bucketToWrapper.put(bucket, rval);
+        }
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - initialize the 'bucket' field.
+     */
+    BucketWrapperImpl(Bucket bucket) {
+        this.bucket = bucket;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public int getBucketNumber() {
+        return bucket.getIndex();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServerWrapper getOwner() {
+        return ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(bucket.getOwner());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServerWrapper getPrimaryBackup() {
+        return ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ServerWrapper getSecondaryBackup() {
+        return ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(bucket.getSecondaryBackup());
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class implements the 'BucketWrapper.Static' interface. There is
+     * one 'BucketWrapperImpl.Static' class, and one instance for each
+     * simulated host
+     */
+    public static class Static implements BucketWrapper.Static {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int getBucketCount() {
+            return Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int bucketNumber(String value) {
+            return Bucket.bucketNumber(value);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public ServerWrapper bucketToServer(int bucketNumber) {
+            return ServerWrapperImpl.getWrapper(Bucket.bucketToServer(bucketNumber));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public BucketWrapper getBucket(int bucketNumber) {
+            return getWrapper(Bucket.getBucket(bucketNumber));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public boolean isKeyOnThisServer(String key) {
+            return Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(key);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void moveBucket(PrintStream out, int bucketNumber, String newHostUuid) {
+            ClassLoader save = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+            try {
+                Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(
+                    BucketWrapperImpl.class.getClassLoader());
+                Bucket.moveBucket(out, bucketNumber, newHostUuid);
+            } finally {
+                Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(save);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void dumpAdjuncts(PrintStream out) {
+            Bucket.dumpAdjuncts(out);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerWrapperImpl.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerWrapperImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..468d12af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/ServerWrapperImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.ServerWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * This class implements the 'ServerWrapper' interface. There is one
+ * 'ServerWrapperImpl' class for each simulated host.
+ */
+public class ServerWrapperImpl implements ServerWrapper {
+    // this maps a 'Server' instance on this host to an associated wrapper
+    private static IdentityHashMap<Server, ServerWrapperImpl> serverToWrapper =
+        new IdentityHashMap<>();
+
+    // this is the 'Server' instance associated with the wrapper
+    private Server server;
+
+    /**
+     * This method maps a 'Server' instance into a 'ServerWrapperImpl'
+     * instance. The goal is to have only a single 'ServerWrapperImpl' instance
+     * for each 'Server' instance, so that testing for identity will work
+     * as expected.
+     *
+     * @param server the 'Server' instance
+     * @return the associated 'ServerWrapperImpl' instance
+     *     ('null' if 'server' is 'null')
+     */
+    static synchronized ServerWrapperImpl getWrapper(Server server) {
+        if (server == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        ServerWrapperImpl rval = serverToWrapper.computeIfAbsent(server,
+            (key) -> new ServerWrapperImpl(server));
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - initialize the 'server' field.
+     */
+    private ServerWrapperImpl(Server server) {
+        this.server = server;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return server.toString();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public UUID getUuid() {
+        return server.getUuid();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean isActive() {
+        return server.isActive();
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class implements the 'ServerWrapper.Static' interface. There is
+     * one 'ServerWrapperImpl.Static' class, and one instance for each
+     * simulated host
+     */
+    public static class Static implements ServerWrapper.Static {
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public ServerWrapper getThisServer() {
+            return getWrapper(Server.getThisServer());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public ServerWrapper getFirstServer() {
+            return getWrapper(Server.getFirstServer());
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public ServerWrapper getServer(UUID uuid) {
+            return getWrapper(Server.getServer(uuid));
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public int getServerCount() {
+            return Server.getServerCount();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public Collection<ServerWrapper> getServers() {
+            // build an 'ArrayList' which mirrors the set of servers
+            ArrayList<ServerWrapper> rval = new ArrayList<>(Server.getServerCount());
+
+            for (Server server : Server.getServers()) {
+                rval.add(getWrapper(server));
+            }
+            return rval;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLockWrapperImpl.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLockWrapperImpl.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4f496986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpool/TargetLockWrapperImpl.java
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.Lock;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.lock.LockCallback;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TargetLockWrapper;
+
+/**
+ * This class implements the 'TargetLockWrapper' interface. There is one
+ * 'TargetLockWrapperImpl' class for each simulated host.
+ */
+public class TargetLockWrapperImpl implements TargetLockWrapper {
+    // this is the 'TargetLock' instance associated with the wrapper
+    private TargetLock targetLock;
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean free() {
+        return targetLock.free();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public boolean isActive() {
+        return targetLock.isActive();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public State getState() {
+        return TargetLockWrapper.State.valueOf(targetLock.getState().toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String getOwnerKey() {
+        return targetLock.getOwnerKey();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "TLW-"
+               + String.valueOf(AdapterImpl.getAdapter(TargetLockWrapperImpl.class.getClassLoader()))
+               + "[" + targetLock.toString() + "]";
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method creates a new 'TargetLock'. Internally, an 'OwnerAdapter'
+     * instance is built as well, which translates the 'LockCallback'
+     * callbacks to 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner' callbacks. As with the call to
+     * 'new TargetLock(...)', it is possible for the callback occur before
+     * this method returns -- this can happen if the 'key' hashes to a bucket
+     * owned by the current host.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     * @param waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already
+     *     locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail
+     * @return a 'TargetLockWrapper' instance associated with the new
+     *     'TargetLock.
+     */
+    static TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(
+        String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner, boolean waitForLock) {
+
+        TargetLockWrapperImpl rval = new TargetLockWrapperImpl();
+        rval.targetLock =
+            new TargetLock(key, ownerKey,
+                           TargetLockWrapperImpl.getOwnerAdapter(rval, owner),
+                           waitForLock);
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method creates a new 'TargetLock'. Internally, an 'OwnerAdapter'
+     * instance is built as well, which translates the 'LockCallback'
+     * callbacks to 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner' callbacks. As with the call to
+     * 'new TargetLock(...)', it is possible for the callback occur before
+     * this method returns -- this can happen if the 'key' hashes to a bucket
+     * owned by the current host.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     * @return a 'TargetLockWrapper' instance associated with the new
+     *     'TargetLock.
+     */
+    static TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(
+        String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner) {
+
+        TargetLockWrapperImpl rval = new TargetLockWrapperImpl();
+        rval.targetLock =
+            new TargetLock(key, ownerKey,
+                           TargetLockWrapperImpl.getOwnerAdapter(rval, owner));
+        return rval;
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This method builds an adapter that implements the 'LockCallback'
+     * callback interface, translating it to 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner'.
+     *
+     * @param targetLock the TargetLockWrapper that is using this adapter
+     * @param owner the 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner' callback
+     * @return an adapter implementing the 'LockCallback' interface
+     *     ('null' is returned if 'owner' is null -- this is an error condition,
+     *     but is used to verify the error handling of the 'TargetLock'
+     *     constructor.
+     */
+    public static LockCallback getOwnerAdapter(
+        TargetLockWrapper targetLock, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner) {
+
+        return owner == null ? null : new OwnerAdapter(targetLock, owner);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This class is an adapter that implements the 'LockCallback' callback
+     * interface, translating it to a 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner' callback.
+     */
+    public static class OwnerAdapter implements LockCallback, Serializable {
+        // the 'TargetLockWrapper' instance to pass as an argument in the callback
+        TargetLockWrapper targetLock;
+
+        // the 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner' callback
+        TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initialize the adapter.
+         *
+         * @param targetLock this will be passed as an argument in the callback
+         * @param owner the object implementing the 'TargetLockWrapper.Owner'
+         *     interface
+         */
+        private OwnerAdapter(TargetLockWrapper targetLock, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner) {
+            this.targetLock = targetLock;
+            this.owner = owner;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockAvailable(Lock lock) {
+            // forward 'lockAvailable' callback
+            owner.lockAvailable(targetLock);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockUnavailable(Lock lock) {
+            // forward 'lockUnavailable' callback
+            owner.lockUnavailable(targetLock);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Adapter.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Adapter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..03b970b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Adapter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
+import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.net.MalformedURLException;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLClassLoader;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+
+import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
+import org.onap.policy.common.utils.network.NetworkUtil;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.Util;
+
+/**
+ * This is a common base class for 6 'AdapterImpl' instances, all running
+ * with their own copies of the server pool classes, and a number of the ONAP
+ * classes. The purpose is to simulate 6 separate hosts in a server pool.
+ * Note that there is potentially a 7th copy of any of these classes, which is
+ * the one loaded with the system class loader. Ideally, those classes
+ * shouldn't be referred to, but there were some problems during testing,
+ * where they unexpectedly were (prompting a change in
+ * 'ExtendedObjectInputStream'). This is referred to as the 'null' host,
+ * where the classes may exist, but have not gone through initialization.
+ */
+public abstract class Adapter {
+    // 'true' indicates that initialization is still needed
+    private static boolean initNeeded = true;
+
+    // Each 'Adapter' instance is implemented by 'AdapterImpl', but loaded
+    // with a different class loader that provides each with a different copy
+    // of the set of classes with packages in the list below (see references to
+    // 'BlockingClassLoader').
+    public static Adapter[] adapters = new Adapter[6];
+
+    /**
+     * Ensure that all adapters have been initialized.
+     */
+    public static void ensureInit() throws Exception {
+        synchronized (Adapter.class) {
+            if (initNeeded) {
+                initNeeded = false;
+
+                // start DMAAP Simulator
+                new Thread(new Runnable() {
+                    @Override
+                    public void run() {
+                        SimDmaap.start();
+                    }
+                }, "DMAAP Simulator").start();
+
+                // wait 1 second to allow time for the port 3904 listener
+                assertTrue(NetworkUtil.isTcpPortOpen(SimDmaap.HOSTNAME, 3904, 50, 1000));
+
+                // build 'BlockingClassLoader'
+                BlockingClassLoader bcl = new BlockingClassLoader(
+                    Adapter.class.getClassLoader(),
+                    // All 'org.onap.policy.*' classes are adapter-specific, except
+                    // for the exclusions listed below.
+                    "org.onap.policy.*"
+                );
+                bcl.addExclude("org.onap.policy.drools.core.DroolsRunnable");
+                bcl.addExclude("org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.*");
+
+                // build URL list for class loader
+                URL[] urls = {};
+
+                // iterate through 'adapter' entries
+                ClassLoader saveClassLoader =
+                    Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
+                if (saveClassLoader instanceof URLClassLoader) {
+                    urls = ((URLClassLoader)saveClassLoader).getURLs();
+                } else {
+                    // the parent is not a 'URLClassLoader' --
+                    // try to get this information from 'java.class.path'
+                    ArrayList<URL> tmpUrls = new ArrayList<>();
+                    for (String entry : System.getProperty("java.class.path").split(
+                        File.pathSeparator)) {
+                        if (new File(entry).isDirectory()) {
+                            tmpUrls.add(new URL("file:" + entry + "/"));
+                        } else {
+                            tmpUrls.add(new URL("file:" + entry));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    urls = tmpUrls.toArray(new URL[0]);
+                }
+                try {
+                    for (int i = 0 ; i < adapters.length ; i += 1) {
+                        // Build a new 'ClassLoader' for this adapter. The
+                        // 'ClassLoader' hierarchy is:
+                        //
+                        // AdapterClassLoader(one copy per Adapter) ->
+                        // BlockingClassLoader ->
+                        // base ClassLoader (with the complete URL list)
+                        ClassLoader classLoader =
+                            new AdapterClassLoader(i, urls, bcl);
+
+                        // set the current thread class loader, which should be
+                        // inherited by any child threads created during
+                        // the initialization of the adapter
+                        Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(classLoader);
+
+                        // now, build the adapter -- it is not just a new instance,
+                        // but a new copy of class 'AdapterImpl'
+                        Adapter adapter = (Adapter) classLoader.loadClass(
+                            "org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.AdapterImpl")
+                            .newInstance();
+
+                        // initialize the adapter
+                        adapter.init(i);
+                        adapters[i] = adapter;
+                    }
+                } finally {
+                    // restore the class loader to that used during the Junit tests
+                    Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(saveClassLoader);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Shut everything down.
+     */
+    public static void ensureShutdown() {
+        for (Adapter adapter : adapters) {
+            adapter.shutdown();
+        }
+        SimDmaap.stop();
+        // not sure why the following is started
+        Util.shutdown();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Runs server pool initialization for a particular host.
+     *
+     * @param index the index of the adapter (0-5)
+     */
+    public abstract void init(int index) throws Exception;
+
+    /**
+     * Shuts down the server pool for this host.
+     */
+    public abstract void shutdown();
+
+    /**
+     * Return a 'LinkedBlockingQueue' instance, which is used as a way for
+     *     Drools code to signal back to running Junit tests.
+     *
+     * @return a 'LinkedBlockingQueue' instance, which is used as a way for
+     *     Drools code to signal back to running Junit tests
+     */
+    public abstract LinkedBlockingQueue<String> notificationQueue();
+
+    /**
+     * This method blocks and waits for all buckets to have owners, or for
+     * a timeout, whichever occurs first.
+     *
+     * @param endTime the point at which timeout occurs
+     * @return 'true' if all buckets have owners, 'false' if a timeout occurred
+     */
+    public abstract boolean waitForInit(long endTime) throws InterruptedException;
+
+    /**
+     * Return an object providing indirect references to a select set of
+     *     static 'Server' methods.
+     *
+     * @return an object providing indirect references to a select set of
+     *     static 'Server' methods
+     */
+    public abstract ServerWrapper.Static getServerStatic();
+
+    /**
+     * Return an object providing an indirect reference to the lead 'Server'
+     *     object.
+     *
+     * @return an object providing an indirect reference to the lead 'Server'
+     *     object
+     */
+    public abstract ServerWrapper getLeader();
+
+    /**
+     * Return an object providing indirect references to a select set of
+     *     static 'Bucket' methods.
+     *
+     * @return an object providing indirect references to a select set of
+     *     static 'Bucket' methods
+     */
+    public abstract BucketWrapper.Static getBucketStatic();
+
+    /**
+     * Create a new 'TargetLock' instance, returning an indirect reference.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     * @param waitForLock this controls the behavior when 'key' is already
+     *     locked - 'true' means wait for it to be freed, 'false' means fail
+     */
+    public abstract TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(
+        String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner,
+        boolean waitForLock);
+
+    /**
+     * Create a new 'TargetLock' instance, returning an indirect reference.
+     *
+     * @param key string key identifying the lock
+     * @param ownerKey string key identifying the owner, which must hash to
+     *     a bucket owned by the current host (it is typically a 'RequestID')
+     * @param owner owner of the lock (will be notified when going from
+     *     WAITING to ACTIVE)
+     */
+    public abstract TargetLockWrapper newTargetLock(
+        String key, String ownerKey, TargetLockWrapper.Owner owner);
+
+    /**
+     * Call 'TargetLock.DumpLocks.dumpLocks'
+     *
+     * @param out where the output should be displayed
+     * @param detail 'true' provides additional bucket and host information
+     *     (but abbreviates all UUIDs in order to avoid excessive
+     *     line length)
+     */
+    public abstract void dumpLocks(PrintStream out, boolean detail);
+
+    /**
+     * Create and initialize PolicyController 'TestController', and start
+     * the associated Drools container and session.
+     *
+     * @return a string containing controller session information
+     */
+    public abstract String createController();
+
+    /**
+     * Send an event in the form of a JSON message string. The message is
+     * sent to JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC, and the JSON object is converted to a
+     * 'TestDroolsObject' (all compatible with the Drools session created by
+     * 'createController'.
+     *
+     * @param key determines the bucket number, which affects which host the
+     *     message is eventually routed to
+     */
+    public abstract void sendEvent(String key);
+
+    /**
+     * Return the one-and-only 'KieSession' on this host.
+     *
+     * @return the one-and-only 'KieSession' on this host
+     */
+    public abstract KieSession getKieSession();
+
+    /**
+     * Insert an object into the one-and-only Drools session.
+     *
+     * @param object the object to insert
+     */
+    public abstract void insertDrools(Object object);
+
+    // some test utilities
+
+    /**
+     * Determine whether any of the objects passed as parameters are of a class
+     * that belongs to different adapter. Print messages are displayed
+     * for any that do occur.
+     *
+     * @param objects one or more objects to be tested
+     * @return 'true' if one or more are foreign
+     */
+    public abstract boolean isForeign(Object... objects);
+
+    /**
+     * This method is used to generate keys that hash to a bucket associated
+     * with a particular server. The algorithm generates a key using 'prefix'
+     * concatenated with a numeric value, and searches for the first one on
+     * the desired host. It will try up to 10000 indices before giving up --
+     * each host owns 1/6 of the buckets, should the 10000 number should be
+     * way more than enough. The tests are written with the assumption that
+     * a valid key will be returned, and 'NullPointerException' is an acceptable
+     * way to handle the situation if this doesn't work out somehow.
+     *
+     * @param prefix the first portion of the key
+     * @param startingIndex the first index to try
+     * @param host this indicates the 'Server' instance to locate, which must
+     *     not be foreign to this adapter
+     * @return a key associated with 'host' ('null' if not found)
+     */
+    public abstract String findKey(String prefix, int startingIndex, ServerWrapper host);
+
+    /**
+     * Equivalent to 'findKey(prefix, startingIndex, THIS-SERVER)'.
+     *
+     * @param prefix the first portion of the key
+     * @param startingIndex the first index to try
+     * @return a key associated with 'host' ('null' if not found)
+     */
+    public abstract String findKey(String prefix, int startingIndex);
+
+    /**
+     * Equivalent to 'findKey(prefix, 1, THIS-SERVER)'.
+     *
+     * @param prefix the first portion of the key
+     * @return a key associated with 'host' ('null' if not found)
+     */
+    public abstract String findKey(String prefix);
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is basically a 'URLClassLoader', but with a 'toString()'
+     * method that indicates the host and adapter number.
+     */
+    public static class AdapterClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
+        private int index;
+
+        public AdapterClassLoader(int index, URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent) {
+            super(urls, parent);
+            this.index = index;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "AdapterClassLoader(" + index + ")";
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BlockingClassLoader.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BlockingClassLoader.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7930bf27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BlockingClassLoader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Enumeration;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+
+/**
+ * Ordinarily, a 'ClassLoader' first attempts to load a class via the
+ * parent 'ClassLoader'. If that fails, it attempts to load it "locally"
+ * by whatever mechanism the class loader supports.
+ * This 'ClassLoader' instance blocks attempts to load specific classes,
+ * throwing a 'ClassNotFoundException'. This doesn't seem useful on the
+ * surface, but it forces all child 'ClassLoader' instances to do the lookup
+ * themselves. In addition, each child 'ClassLoader' will have their own
+ * copy of the classes they load, providing a way to have multiple copies of
+ * the same class running within the same JVM. Each child 'ClassLoader' can
+ * be viewed as having a separate name space.
+ */
+public class BlockingClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
+    // these are the set of packages to block
+    private HashSet<String> packages;
+
+    // these are the prefixes of class names to block
+    private ArrayList<String> prefixes;
+
+    // these specific classes will not be blocked, even if they are in one
+    // of the packages indicated by 'packages'
+    private HashSet<String> excludes = new HashSet<String>();
+
+    // these are the prefixes of class names to exclude
+    private ArrayList<String> excludePrefixes = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor -- initialize the 'ClassLoader' and 'packages' variable.
+     *
+     * @param parent the parent ClassLoader
+     * @param packages variable number of packages to block
+     */
+    public BlockingClassLoader(ClassLoader parent, String... packages) {
+        super(parent);
+        this.packages = new HashSet<>();
+        this.prefixes = new ArrayList<>();
+        for (String pkg : packages) {
+            if (pkg.endsWith("*")) {
+                prefixes.add(pkg.substring(0, pkg.length() - 1));
+            } else {
+                this.packages.add(pkg);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        // throws a 'ClassNotFoundException' if we are blocking this one
+        testClass(name);
+
+        // not blocking this one -- pass it on to the superclass
+        return super.findClass(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Enumeration<URL> getResources(String name) {
+        // in order to avoid replicated resources, we return an empty set
+        return new Enumeration<URL>() {
+            public boolean hasMoreElements() {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            public URL nextElement() {
+                throw new NoSuchElementException("'BlockingClassLoader' blocks duplicate resources");
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Class<?> loadClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        // throws a 'ClassNotFoundException' if we are blocking this one
+        testClass(name);
+
+        // not blocking this one -- pass it on to the superclass
+        return super.loadClass(name);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    @Override
+    protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        // throws a 'ClassNotFoundException' if we are blocking this one
+        testClass(name);
+
+        // not blocking this one -- pass it on to the superclass
+        return super.loadClass(name, resolve);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add an entry to the list of classes that should NOT be blocked.
+     *
+     * @param name the full name of a class that shouldn't be blocked
+     */
+    public void addExclude(String name) {
+        if (name.endsWith("*")) {
+            excludePrefixes.add(name.substring(0, name.length() - 1));
+        } else {
+            excludes.add(name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This method looks at a class name -- if it should be blocked, a
+     * 'ClassNotFoundException' is thrown. Otherwise, it does nothing.
+     *
+     * @param name the name of the class to be tested
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if this class should be blocked
+     */
+    private void testClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+        if (excludes.contains(name)) {
+            // allow this one
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (String prefix : excludePrefixes) {
+            if (name.startsWith(prefix)) {
+                // allow this one
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // extract the package from the class name -- throw a
+        // 'ClassNotFoundException' if the package is in the list
+        // being blocked
+        int index = name.lastIndexOf('.');
+        if (index >= 0) {
+            if (packages.contains(name.substring(0,index))) {
+                throw(new ClassNotFoundException(name));
+            }
+
+            for (String prefix : prefixes) {
+                if (name.startsWith(prefix)) {
+                    throw(new ClassNotFoundException(name));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BucketWrapper.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BucketWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2628513c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/BucketWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides base classes for accessing the various 'Bucket'
+ * classes. There is a separate copy of the 'Bucket' class for each
+ * adapter, and this wrapper was created to give them a common interface.
+ */
+public interface BucketWrapper {
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Bucket.getBucketNumber()' method
+     *
+     * @return the bucket number
+     */
+    public int getBucketNumber();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Bucket.getOwner()' method
+     *
+     * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the owner
+     *     of the bucket ('null' if unassigned)
+     */
+    public ServerWrapper getOwner();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Bucket.getPrimaryBackup()' method
+     *
+     * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the primary backup
+     *     host for the bucket ('null' if unassigned)
+     */
+    public ServerWrapper getPrimaryBackup();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Bucket.getPrimaryBackup()' method
+     *
+     * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the secondary
+     *     backup host for the bucket ('null' if unassigned)
+     */
+    public ServerWrapper getSecondaryBackup();
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class provides access to the static 'Bucket' methods. There are
+     * multiple 'Bucket' classes (one for each 'Adapter'), and each has
+     * a corresponding 'BucketWrapper.Static' instance. In other words, there
+     * is one 'Bucket.Static' instance for each simulated host.
+     */
+    public interface Static {
+        /**
+         * This returns the value of 'Bucket.BUCKETCOUNT'
+         *
+         * @return the number of Bucket instances in the bucket table
+         */
+        public int getBucketCount();
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.bucketNumber(String)' method
+         *
+         * @param value the keyword to be converted
+         * @return the bucket number
+         */
+        public int bucketNumber(String value);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.bucketToServer(int)' method
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber a bucket number in the range 0-1023
+         * @return a 'ServerWrapper' for the server that currently handles the
+         *     bucket, or 'null' if none is currently assigned
+         */
+        public ServerWrapper bucketToServer(int bucketNumber);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.getBucket(int)' method
+         *
+         * @param bucketNumber a bucket number in the range 0-1023
+         * @return A 'BucketWrapper' for the Bucket associated with
+         *     this bucket number
+         */
+        public BucketWrapper getBucket(int bucketNumber);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.isKeyOnThisServer(String)' method
+         *
+         * @param key the keyword to be hashed
+         * @return 'true' if the associated bucket is assigned to this server,
+         *     'false' if not
+         */
+        public boolean isKeyOnThisServer(String key);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.moveBucket(PrintStream, int, String)'
+         * method (the one associated with the '/cmd/moveBucket' REST call).
+         *
+         * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+         * @param bucketNumber the bucket number to be moved
+         * @param newHostUuid the UUID of the destination host (if 'null', a
+         *     destination host will be chosen at random)
+         */
+        public void moveBucket(PrintStream out, int bucketNumber, String newHostUuid);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Bucket.dumpAdjuncts(PrintStream)' method
+         * (the one associated with the '/cmd/dumpBucketAdjuncts' REST call).
+         *
+         * @param out the 'PrintStream' to use for displaying information
+         */
+        public void dumpAdjuncts(PrintStream out);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/ServerWrapper.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/ServerWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e31a6817
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/ServerWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides base classes for accessing the various 'Server'
+ * classes. There is a separate copy of the 'Server' class for each
+ * adapter, and this wrapper was created to give them a common interface.
+ */
+public interface ServerWrapper {
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Server.toString()' method
+     *
+     * @return a string of the form 'Server[UUID]'
+     */
+    public String toString();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Server.getUuid()' method
+     *
+     * @return the UUID associated with this Server
+     */
+    public UUID getUuid();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'Server.isActive()' method
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the this server is active, and 'false' if not
+     */
+    public boolean isActive();
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class provides access to the static 'Server' methods. There are
+     * multiple 'Server' classes (one for each 'Adapter'), and each has
+     * a corresponding 'ServerWrapper.Static' instance. In other words, there
+     * is one 'Server.Static' instance for each simulated host.
+     */
+    public interface Static {
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Server.getThisServer()' method
+         *
+         * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the Server
+         *     instance associated with this simulated host
+         */
+        public ServerWrapper getThisServer();
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Server.getFirstServer()' method
+         *
+         * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the first
+         *     'Server' instance in the 'servers' list (the one with the
+         *     lowest UUID)
+         */
+        public ServerWrapper getFirstServer();
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Server.getServer(UUID)' method
+         *
+         * @param uuid the key to the lookup
+         * @return a 'ServerWrapper' instance that corresponds to the associated
+         *     'Server' instance ('null' if none)
+         */
+        public ServerWrapper getServer(UUID uuid);
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Server.getServerCount()' method
+         *
+         * @return a count of the number of servers
+         */
+        public int getServerCount();
+
+        /**
+         * This calls the static 'Server.getServers()' method
+         *
+         * @return the complete list of servers, each with a 'ServerWrapper'
+         *     referring to the 'Server'
+         */
+        public Collection<ServerWrapper> getServers();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/SimDmaap.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/SimDmaap.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..74fef07f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/SimDmaap.java
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
+import javax.ws.rs.GET;
+import javax.ws.rs.POST;
+import javax.ws.rs.Path;
+import javax.ws.rs.PathParam;
+import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
+import javax.ws.rs.QueryParam;
+import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
+
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.server.ServerConnector;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler;
+import org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+/**
+ * This class simulates a UEB/DMAAP server.
+ */
+
+@Path("/")
+public class SimDmaap {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimDmaap.class);
+    public static final String HOSTNAME = "127.0.63.250";
+
+    // miscellaneous Jetty/Servlet parameters
+    private static ServletContextHandler context;
+    private static Server jettyServer;
+    private static ServerConnector connector;
+    private static ServletHolder holder;
+
+    /**
+     * Do whatever needs to be done to start the server. I don't know exactly
+     * what abstractions the various pieces provide, but the following code
+     * ties the pieces together, and starts up the server.
+     */
+    public static void start() {
+        try {
+            context = new ServletContextHandler(ServletContextHandler.SESSIONS);
+            context.setContextPath("/");
+
+            jettyServer = new Server();
+
+            connector = new ServerConnector(jettyServer);
+            connector.setName("simdmaap");
+            connector.setReuseAddress(true);
+            connector.setPort(3904);
+            connector.setHost("127.0.63.250");
+
+            jettyServer.addConnector(connector);
+            jettyServer.setHandler(context);
+
+            holder = context.addServlet(org.glassfish.jersey.servlet.ServletContainer.class.getName(), "/*");
+            holder.setInitParameter(
+                "jersey.config.server.provider.classnames",
+                "com.fasterxml.jackson.jaxrs.json.JacksonJaxbJsonProvider"
+                + "," + SimDmaap.class.getName());
+
+            jettyServer.start();
+            jettyServer.join();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cleanly shut down the server.
+     */
+    public static void stop() {
+        try {
+            if (jettyServer != null) {
+                jettyServer.stop();
+                jettyServer = null;
+            }
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            e.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    // maps topic name to 'Topic' instance
+    static Map<String,Topic> topicTable = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+    /**
+     * Each instance of this class corresponds to a DMAAP or UEB topic.
+     */
+    static class Topic {
+        // topic name
+        String topic;
+
+        // maps group name into group instance
+        Map<String,Group> groupTable = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Create or get a Topic.
+         *
+         * @param name the topic name
+         * @return the associated Topic instance
+         */
+        static Topic createOrGet(String name) {
+            // look up the topic name
+            Topic topicObj = topicTable.get(name);
+            if (topicObj == null) {
+                // no entry found -- the following will create one, without
+                // the need for explicit synchronization
+                topicTable.putIfAbsent(name, new Topic(name));
+                topicObj = topicTable.get(name);
+            }
+            return topicObj;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor - initialize the 'topic' field.
+         *
+         * @param topic the topic name
+         */
+        private Topic(String topic) {
+            this.topic = topic;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Handle an incoming '/events/{topic}' POST REST message.
+         *
+         * @param the body of the REST message
+         * @return the appropriate JSON response
+         */
+        String post(String data) {
+            // start of message processing
+            long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+
+            // current and ending indices to the 'data' field
+            int cur = 0;
+            int end = data.length();
+
+            // the number of messages retrieved so far
+            int messageCount = 0;
+
+            while (cur < end) {
+                // The body of the message may consist of multiple JSON messages,
+                // each preceded by 3 integers separated by '.'. The second one
+                // is the length, in bytes (the third seems to be some kind of
+                // channel identifier).
+
+                int leftBrace = data.indexOf('{', cur);
+                if (leftBrace < 0) {
+                    // no more messages
+                    break;
+                }
+                String[] prefix = data.substring(cur,leftBrace).split("\\.");
+                if (prefix.length == 3) {
+                    try {
+                        // determine length of message, and advance current position
+                        int length = Integer.valueOf(prefix[1]);
+                        cur = leftBrace + length;
+
+                        // extract message, and update count -- each double quote
+                        // has a '\' character placed before it, so the overall
+                        // message can be placed in double quotes, and parsed as
+                        // a literal string
+                        String message = data.substring(leftBrace, cur)
+                                         .replace("\\", "\\\\").replace("\"", "\\\"")
+                                         .replace("\n", "\\n");
+                        messageCount += 1;
+
+                        // send to all listening groups
+                        for (Group group : groupTable.values()) {
+                            group.messages.add(message);
+                        }
+                    } catch (Exception e) {
+                        logger.error("{}: {}", prefix[1], e);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                } else if (cur == 0) {
+                    // there is only a single message -- extract it, and update count
+                    String message = data.substring(leftBrace, end)
+                                     .replace("\\", "\\\\").replace("\"", "\\\"")
+                                     .replace("\n", "\\n");
+                    messageCount += 1;
+
+                    // send to all listening grops
+                    for (Group group : groupTable.values()) {
+                        group.messages.add(message);
+                    }
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    // don't know what this is -- toss it
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // generate response message
+            long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
+            return "{\n"
+                   + "    \"count\": " + messageCount + ",\n"
+                   + "    \"serverTimeMs\": " + elapsedTime + "\n"
+                   + "}";
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * read one or more incoming messages.
+         *
+         * @param group the 'consumerGroup' value
+         * @param timeout how long to wait for a message, in milliseconds
+         * @param limit the maximum number of messages to receive
+         * @return a JSON array, containing somewhere between 0 and 'limit' messages
+         */
+        String get(String group, long timeout, int limit) throws InterruptedException {
+            // look up the group -- create one if it doesn't exist
+            Group groupObj = groupTable.get(group);
+            if (groupObj == null) {
+                // no entry found -- the following will create one, without
+                // the need for explicit synchronization
+                groupTable.putIfAbsent(group, new Group());
+                groupObj = groupTable.get(group);
+            }
+
+            // pass it on to the 'Group' instance
+            return groupObj.get(timeout, limit);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Each instance of this class corresponds to a Consumer Group.
+     */
+    static class Group {
+        // messages queued for this group
+        private BlockingQueue<String> messages = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
+
+        /**
+         * Retrieve messages sent to this group.
+         *
+         * @param timeout how long to wait for a message, in milliseconds
+         * @param limit the maximum number of messages to receive
+         * @return a JSON array, containing somewhere between 0 and 'limit' messages
+         */
+        String get(long timeout, int limit) throws InterruptedException {
+            String message = messages.poll(timeout, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+            if (message == null) {
+                // timed out without messages
+                return "[]";
+            }
+
+            // use 'StringBuilder' to assemble the response -- add the first message
+            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
+            builder.append("[\"").append(message);
+
+            // add up to '<limit>-1' more messages
+            for (int i = 1 ; i < limit ; i += 1) {
+                // fetch the next message -- don't wait if it isn't currently there
+                message = messages.poll();
+                if (message == null) {
+                    // no more currently available
+                    break;
+                }
+                builder.append("\",\"").append(message);
+            }
+            builder.append("\"]");
+            return builder.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * Incoming messages from the caller to the simulator.
+     */
+    @POST
+    @Path("/events/{topic}")
+    @Consumes("application/cambria")
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+    public String send(@PathParam("topic") String topic,
+                       String data) {
+        logger.info("Send: topic={}", topic);
+        return Topic.createOrGet(topic).post(data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send messages from the simulator to the caller.
+     */
+    @GET
+    @Path("/events/{topic}/{group}/{id}")
+    @Consumes(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)
+    @Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
+    public String receive(@PathParam("topic") String topic,
+                          @PathParam("group") String group,
+                          @PathParam("id") String id,
+                          @QueryParam("timeout") long timeout,
+                          @QueryParam("limit") int limit)
+        throws InterruptedException {
+
+        logger.info("Receive: topic={}, group={}, id={}, timeout={}, limit={}",
+                    topic, group, id, timeout, limit);
+        return Topic.createOrGet(topic).get(group, timeout, limit);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TargetLockWrapper.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TargetLockWrapper.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ce9f39e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TargetLockWrapper.java
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+
+/**
+ * This class provides base classes for accessing the various 'TargetLock'
+ * classes. There is a separate copy of the 'TargetLock' class for each
+ * adapter, and this wrapper was created to give them a common interface.
+ */
+public interface TargetLockWrapper extends Serializable {
+    /**
+     * There is a separate copy of 'TargetLock.State' for each adapter --
+     * The 'TargetLockWrapper.getState()' maps these into a common
+     * 'TargetLockWrapper.State' enumeration.
+     */
+    public enum State {
+        WAITING, ACTIVE, FREE, LOST
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'TargetLock.free()' method
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if successful, 'false' if it was not locked, or there
+     *     appears to be corruption in 'LocalLocks' tables
+     */
+    public boolean free();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'TargetLock.isActive()' method
+     *
+     * @return 'true' if the lock is in the ACTIVE state, and 'false' if not
+     */
+    public boolean isActive();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'TargetLock.getState()' method
+     *
+     * @return the current state of the lock, as a 'TargetLockWrapper.State'
+     */
+    public State getState();
+
+    /**
+     * This calls the 'TargetLock.getOwnerKey()' method
+     *
+     * @return the owner key field
+     */
+    public String getOwnerKey();
+
+    /**
+     * Return the value returned by 'TargetLock.toString()'.
+     *
+     * @return the value returned by 'TargetLock.toString()'
+     */
+    public String toString();
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This interface mimics the 'LockCallback' interface, with the
+     * exception that 'TargetLockWrapper' is used as the arguments to the
+     * callback methods.
+     */
+    public static interface Owner {
+        /**
+         * Callback indicates the lock was successful.
+         *
+         * @param lock the 'TargetLockWrapper' instance
+         */
+        public void lockAvailable(TargetLockWrapper lock);
+
+        /**
+         * Callback indicates the lock request has failed.
+         *
+         * @param lock the 'TargetLockWrapper' instance
+         */
+        public void lockUnavailable(TargetLockWrapper lock);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Test1.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Test1.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2178fec1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/Test1.java
@@ -0,0 +1,912 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.catchThrowable;
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.PrintStream;
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference;
+
+import org.awaitility.Durations;
+import org.junit.AfterClass;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import org.kie.api.runtime.KieSession;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.core.DroolsRunnable;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.BucketWrapperImpl;
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+public class Test1 {
+    private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Test1.class);
+
+    // indicates that Drools containers need to be initialized
+    private static boolean needControllerInit = true;
+
+    private static int initialCount = 0;
+
+    private static int threadList(String header, boolean stackTrace) {
+        logger.info("***** threadList: {} *****", header);
+        Thread[] thr = new Thread[1000];
+        int count = Thread.enumerate(thr);
+
+        if (count > thr.length) {
+            count = thr.length;
+        }
+        for (int i = 0 ; i < count ; i += 1) {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.append("    ").append(thr[i]);
+            if (stackTrace) {
+                for (StackTraceElement ste : thr[i].getStackTrace()) {
+                    sb.append("\n        ").append(ste);
+                }
+            }
+            logger.info(sb.toString());
+        }
+        logger.info("***** end threadList: {}, count = {} *****", header, count);
+        return count;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set up environment prior to running tests.
+     */
+    @BeforeClass
+    public static void init() throws Exception {
+        initialCount = threadList("BeforeClass", false);
+
+        // create 6 adapters, corresponding to 6 'Server' instances
+        Adapter.ensureInit();
+
+        // make sure initialization has completed
+        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 60000L;
+        for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+            assertTrue(adapter.toString() + ": Bucket assignments incomplete",
+                       adapter.waitForInit(endTime));
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static boolean verifyComplete() {
+        return Thread.enumerate(new Thread[initialCount + 1]) == initialCount;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Clean up after tests have finished.
+     */
+    @AfterClass
+    public static void finish() throws InterruptedException {
+        threadList("AfterClass", false);
+        if (needControllerInit) {
+            return;
+        }
+        // shut down Server Pools and DMAAP Simulator
+        Adapter.ensureShutdown();
+
+        // updates for persistence may still be in progress -- wait 5 seconds
+        threadList("AfterEnsureShutdown", false);
+
+        try {
+            initialCount = initialCount + 1; // one for await thread
+            await().atMost(Durations.ONE_MINUTE)
+               .with().pollInterval(Durations.ONE_SECOND)
+               .until(() -> verifyComplete());
+        } finally {
+            threadList("AfterSleep", true);
+        }
+
+        // look at KieSession objects
+        for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+            sb.append(adapter.toString())
+                .append(": ")
+                .append(adapter.getKieSession().getObjects().size())
+                .append(" objects");
+            for (Object o : adapter.getKieSession().getObjects()) {
+                sb.append("\n    ").append(o);
+            }
+            LinkedBlockingQueue<String> lbq = adapter.notificationQueue();
+            if (!lbq.isEmpty()) {
+                sb.append("\n")
+                    .append(adapter.toString())
+                    .append(": ")
+                    .append(lbq.size())
+                    .append(" queued entries");
+                for (String string : lbq) {
+                    sb.append("\n    ").append(string);
+                }
+            }
+            logger.info(sb.toString());
+        }
+
+        // this was used during test debugging to verify that no adjuncts
+        // were created on the 'null' host -- there shouldn't be any
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+        new BucketWrapperImpl.Static().dumpAdjuncts(out);
+        logger.info(out.toString());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Initialize all Drools controllers, if needed.
+     */
+    static void ensureControllersInitialized() {
+        if (needControllerInit) {
+            needControllerInit = false;
+            for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+                String rval = adapter.createController();
+                logger.info("{}: Got the following from PolicyController:\n{}",
+                            adapter, rval);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * make sure all servers have agreed on a lead server.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void checkLeadServer() {
+        Adapter firstAdapter = Adapter.adapters[0];
+        UUID leaderUuid = firstAdapter.getLeader().getUuid();
+        for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+            UUID uuid = adapter.getLeader().getUuid();
+            assertTrue(adapter.toString() + " has UUID " + uuid
+                       + " (expected UUID " + leaderUuid + ")",
+                       uuid.equals(leaderUuid));
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * make sure all servers agree on bucket distribution.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void startup() throws Exception {
+        Adapter firstAdapter = Adapter.adapters[0];
+        BucketWrapper.Static firstBucketStatic = firstAdapter.getBucketStatic();
+
+        for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+            BucketWrapper.Static bucketStatic = adapter.getBucketStatic();
+            if (adapter == firstAdapter) {
+                // make sure an owner and primary backup have been chosen
+                // for each bucket (secondary backups aren't implemented yet)
+                for (int i = 0 ; i < bucketStatic.getBucketCount() ; i += 1) {
+                    BucketWrapper bucket = bucketStatic.getBucket(i);
+                    assertNotNull(bucket.getOwner());
+                    assertNotNull(bucket.getPrimaryBackup());
+                }
+            } else {
+                // make sure the bucket assignments are consistent with
+                // the primary backup
+                for (int i = 0 ; i < bucketStatic.getBucketCount() ; i += 1) {
+                    BucketWrapper firstBucket = firstBucketStatic.getBucket(i);
+                    BucketWrapper bucket = bucketStatic.getBucket(i);
+                    assertEquals(firstBucket.getOwner().getUuid(),
+                                 bucket.getOwner().getUuid());
+                    assertEquals(firstBucket.getPrimaryBackup().getUuid(),
+                                 bucket.getPrimaryBackup().getUuid());
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // test 'TargetLock'
+    @Test
+    public void testTargetLock() throws InterruptedException {
+        // test locks on different hosts
+        lockTests(Adapter.adapters[5], Adapter.adapters[0]);
+
+        // test locks on the same host
+        lockTests(Adapter.adapters[2], Adapter.adapters[2]);
+
+        Adapter adapter0 = Adapter.adapters[0];
+        Adapter adapter5 = Adapter.adapters[5];
+        String ownerKey = adapter0.findKey("owner");
+        String key = adapter5.findKey("key");
+        LockOwner owner = new LockOwner();
+
+        // some exceptions
+        Throwable thrown = catchThrowable(() -> {
+            adapter0.newTargetLock(null, ownerKey, owner);
+        });
+        assertThat(thrown).isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+            .hasNoCause()
+            .hasMessageContaining("TargetLock: 'key' can't be null");
+
+        thrown = catchThrowable(() -> {
+            adapter0.newTargetLock(key, null, owner);
+        });
+        assertThat(thrown).isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+            .hasNoCause()
+            .hasMessageContaining("TargetLock: 'ownerKey' can't be null");
+
+        thrown = catchThrowable(() -> {
+            adapter5.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        });
+        assertThat(thrown).isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+            .hasNoCause()
+            .hasMessageContaining("not currently assigned to this server");
+
+        thrown = catchThrowable(() -> {
+            adapter0.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, null);
+        });
+        assertThat(thrown).isInstanceOf(IllegalArgumentException.class)
+            .hasNoCause()
+            .hasMessageContaining("TargetLock: 'owner' can't be null");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run some 'TargetLock' tests.
+     *
+     * @param keyAdapter this is the adapter for the key, which determines
+     *     where the server-side data will reside
+     * @param ownerAdapter this is the adapter associated with the requestor
+     */
+    void lockTests(Adapter keyAdapter, Adapter ownerAdapter) throws InterruptedException {
+        // choose 'key' and 'ownerKey' values that map to buckets owned
+        // by their respective adapters
+        String key = keyAdapter.findKey("key");
+        String ownerKey = ownerAdapter.findKey("owner");
+
+        // this receives and queues callback notifications
+        LockOwner owner = new LockOwner();
+
+        // first lock -- should succeed
+        TargetLockWrapper tl1 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertLockAvailable(owner, tl1);
+        //assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", tl1},
+        //                  owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        assertNull(owner.poll());
+        assertTrue(tl1.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl1.getState());
+        assertEquals(ownerKey, tl1.getOwnerKey());
+
+        // second lock -- should fail (lock in use)
+        TargetLockWrapper tl2 =
+            ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner, false);
+        assertLockUnavailable(owner, tl2);
+
+        assertNull(owner.poll());
+        assertFalse(tl2.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.FREE, tl2.getState());
+        assertEquals(ownerKey, tl2.getOwnerKey());
+
+        // third and fourth locks -- should wait
+        TargetLockWrapper tl3 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        TargetLockWrapper tl4 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); // nothing immediately
+        assertFalse(tl3.isActive());
+        assertFalse(tl4.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl3.getState());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl4.getState());
+
+        // free third lock before ever getting a callback
+        assertTrue(tl3.free());
+        assertFalse(tl3.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.FREE, tl3.getState());
+        assertFalse(tl3.free());
+
+        // free first lock
+        assertTrue(tl1.free());
+        assertFalse(tl1.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.FREE, tl1.getState());
+        assertFalse(tl1.free()); // already free
+
+        // fourth lock should be active now (or soon)
+        assertLockAvailable(owner, tl4);
+        assertNull(owner.poll());
+        assertTrue(tl4.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl4.getState());
+
+        // free fourth lock
+        assertTrue(tl4.free());
+        assertFalse(tl4.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.FREE, tl4.getState());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test sending of intra-server and inter-server messages.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void topicSendTests() throws InterruptedException {
+        ensureControllersInitialized();
+
+        // sender and receiver are the same
+        topicSendTest(Adapter.adapters[2], Adapter.adapters[2], false);
+
+        // sender and receiver are different
+        topicSendTest(Adapter.adapters[5], Adapter.adapters[4], false);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Send a message from 'sender' to 'receiver' -- the message is delivered
+     * as an incoming 'TopicListener' event, is processed by
+     * 'FeatureServerPool.beforeOffer' (PolicyControllerFeatureApi), which
+     * will route it based upon keyword. At the destination end, it should
+     * be converted to an instance of 'TestDroolsObject', and inserted into
+     * the Drools session. The associated Drools rule should fire, and the
+     * message is placed in the notification queue. The message is then
+     * retracted, unless the string 'SAVE' appears within the message, which
+     * is the case if the 'save' parameter is set.
+     *
+     * @param sender the adapter associated with the sending end
+     * @param receiver the adapter associated with the receiving end
+     * @param save if 'true' the message is not retracted, if 'false' it is
+     *     retracted
+     */
+    String topicSendTest(Adapter sender, Adapter receiver, boolean save) throws InterruptedException {
+        // generate base message -- include 'SAVE' in the message if 'save' is set
+        String message = "From " + sender.toString() + " to "
+                         + receiver.toString();
+        if (save) {
+            message += " (SAVE)";
+        }
+        message += ": " + UUID.randomUUID().toString() + ".";
+
+        // add a numeric suffix to the message, such that it will be routed
+        // to 'receiver'
+        message = receiver.findKey(message);
+
+        // send the message
+        sender.sendEvent(message);
+
+        // verify that it has been received
+        assertEquals(message,
+                     receiver.notificationQueue().poll(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        return message;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the Adapter associated with the current lead server.
+     *
+     * @return the Adapter associated with the current lead server
+     *     ('null' if there is no leader)
+     */
+    private Adapter getLeader() {
+        for (Adapter adapter : Adapter.adapters) {
+            if (adapter.getLeader() == adapter.getServerStatic().getThisServer()) {
+                // we have located the leader
+                return adapter;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new AssertionError();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test migration of sessions from one server to another.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void sessionMigrationTest() throws InterruptedException {
+        ensureControllersInitialized();
+
+        // select adapters for roles
+        Adapter sender = Adapter.adapters[1];
+        Adapter receiver = Adapter.adapters[3];
+        Adapter newReceiver = Adapter.adapters[5];
+
+        // determine current leader
+        Adapter leader = getLeader();
+
+        // send message from 'sender' to 'receiver', and save it
+        String message = topicSendTest(sender, receiver, true);
+
+        // verify where the bucket is and is not
+        assertTrue(receiver.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(message));
+        assertFalse(newReceiver.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(message));
+
+        // move to the new host
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+        leader.getBucketStatic().moveBucket(
+            out, receiver.getBucketStatic().bucketNumber(message),
+            newReceiver.getServerStatic().getThisServer().getUuid().toString());
+        logger.info(bos.toString());
+
+        // poll up to 10 seconds for the bucket to be updated
+        TestDroolsObject matchingObject = new TestDroolsObject(message);
+        await().atMost(50000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
+            .until(() -> (new ArrayList<Object>(newReceiver.getKieSession().getObjects())
+            .contains(matchingObject)));
+
+        // verify where the bucket is and is not
+        assertFalse(receiver.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(message));
+        assertTrue(newReceiver.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(message));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test migration of locks from one server to another.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void lockMigrationTest() throws InterruptedException {
+        ensureControllersInitialized();
+
+        // select adapters for roles -- '*Server' refers to the 'key' end,
+        // and '*Client' refers to the 'ownerKey' end
+        final Adapter oldServer = Adapter.adapters[0];
+        final Adapter newServer = Adapter.adapters[1];
+        final Adapter oldClient = Adapter.adapters[2];
+        final Adapter newClient = Adapter.adapters[3];
+
+        // determine the current leader
+        final Adapter leader = getLeader();
+
+        // choose 'key' and 'ownerKey' values associated with
+        // 'oldServer' and 'oldClient', respectively
+        String key = oldServer.findKey("key");
+        String ownerKey = oldClient.findKey("owner");
+        LockOwner owner = new LockOwner();
+
+        // allocate lock 1
+        TargetLockWrapper tl1 = oldClient.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertLockAvailable(owner, tl1);
+
+        // allocate a lock 2, which should be in the 'WAITING' state
+        TargetLockWrapper tl2 = oldClient.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); // nothing immediately
+
+        // verify lock states
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl1.getState());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl2.getState());
+
+        // verify key buckets (before)
+        assertTrue(oldServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key));
+        assertFalse(newServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key));
+
+        // move key buckets to new host (server side)
+        ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        PrintStream out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+        leader.getBucketStatic().moveBucket(
+            out, oldServer.getBucketStatic().bucketNumber(key),
+            newServer.getServerStatic().getThisServer().getUuid().toString());
+        logger.info(bos.toString());
+
+        logger.debug("lock migration test - before: new isKeyOnThisServer: {}, "
+                + "old isKeyOnThisServer: {}, time: {}",
+                newServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key),
+                oldServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key),
+                new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd  kk:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
+
+        await().atMost(10000L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(() ->
+            newServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key)
+            && oldServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key) == false);
+
+        logger.debug("lock migration test - after : new isKeyOnThisServer: {}, "
+                + "old isKeyOnThisServer: {}, time: {}",
+                newServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key),
+                oldServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key),
+                new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd  kk:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
+
+        // verify key buckets (after)
+        assertFalse(oldServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key));
+        assertTrue(newServer.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(key));
+
+        // we should be able to free lock1 now, and lock2 should go active,
+        // indicating that the server side is still working
+        assertTrue(tl1.free());
+
+        assertLockAvailable(owner, tl2);
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl2.getState());
+
+        // create a third lock
+        TargetLockWrapper tl3 = oldClient.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); // nothing immediately
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl3.getState());
+
+        // insert active objects in Drools session, which is about to be moved
+        // (if we don't do this, the client objects won't be relocated)
+        oldClient.getKieSession().insert(new KeywordWrapper(ownerKey, "lmt.owner", owner));
+        oldClient.getKieSession().insert(new KeywordWrapper(ownerKey, "lmt.tl2", tl2));
+        oldClient.getKieSession().insert(new KeywordWrapper(ownerKey, "lmt.tl3", tl3));
+
+        // dumping out some state information as part of debugging --
+        // I see no reason to remove it now
+        {
+            bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+            out.println("BEFORE: tl2=" + tl2 + "\ntl3=" + tl3);
+            oldClient.dumpLocks(out, true);
+            oldClient.getBucketStatic().dumpAdjuncts(out);
+            logger.debug(bos.toString());
+        }
+
+        // don't need these any more -- we will get them back on the new host
+        tl1 = tl2 = tl3 = null;
+        owner = null;
+
+        // verify ownerKey buckets (before)
+        assertTrue(oldClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey));
+        assertFalse(newClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey));
+
+        // move ownerKey buckets to new host (client side)
+        bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+        out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+        leader.getBucketStatic().moveBucket(
+            out, oldClient.getBucketStatic().bucketNumber(ownerKey),
+            newClient.getServerStatic().getThisServer().getUuid().toString());
+        logger.info(bos.toString());
+
+        logger.debug("lock migration test2 - before: new isKeyOnThisServer: {}, "
+                + "old isKeyOnThisServer: {}, time: {}",
+                newClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey),
+                oldClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey),
+                new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd  kk:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
+
+        await().atMost(Durations.FIVE_SECONDS)
+            .with().pollInterval(Durations.ONE_HUNDRED_MILLISECONDS)
+            .until(() -> newClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey)
+                && oldClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey) == false);
+
+        logger.debug("lock migration test2 - before: new isKeyOnThisServer: {}, "
+                + "old isKeyOnThisServer: {}, time: {}",
+                newClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey),
+                oldClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey),
+                new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd  kk:mm:ss").format(new Date()));
+
+        // verify ownerKey buckets (before)
+        assertFalse(oldClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey));
+        assertTrue(newClient.getBucketStatic().isKeyOnThisServer(ownerKey));
+
+        // now, we need to locate 'tl2', 'tl3', and 'owner' in Drools memory
+        await().atMost(Durations.FIVE_SECONDS)
+            .with().pollInterval(Durations.ONE_SECOND)
+            .until(() -> newClient.getKieSession() != null);
+        KieSession kieSession = newClient.getKieSession();
+        for (Object obj : new ArrayList<Object>(kieSession.getObjects())) {
+            if (obj instanceof KeywordWrapper) {
+                KeywordWrapper kw = (KeywordWrapper)obj;
+
+                if ("lmt.owner".equals(kw.id)) {
+                    owner = kw.getObject(LockOwner.class);
+                } else if ("lmt.tl2".equals(kw.id)) {
+                    tl2 = kw.getObject(TargetLockWrapper.class);
+                } else if ("lmt.tl3".equals(kw.id)) {
+                    tl3 = kw.getObject(TargetLockWrapper.class);
+                }
+                kieSession.delete(kieSession.getFactHandle(obj));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // make sure we found everything
+        assertNotNull(tl2);
+        assertNotNull(tl3);
+        assertNotNull(owner);
+        assertFalse(newClient.isForeign(tl2, tl3, owner));
+
+        // verify the states of 'tl2' and 'tl3'
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl2.getState());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl3.getState());
+
+        // dumping out some state information as part of debugging --
+        // I see no reason to remove it now
+        {
+            bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+            out = new PrintStream(bos, true);
+            out.println("AFTER: tl2=" + tl2 + "\ntl3=" + tl3);
+            newClient.dumpLocks(out, true);
+            newClient.getBucketStatic().dumpAdjuncts(out);
+            logger.debug(bos.toString());
+        }
+
+        // now, we should be able to free 'tl2', and 'tl3' should go active
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); // nothing immediately
+        assertTrue(tl2.free());
+
+        assertLockAvailable(owner, tl3);
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl3.getState());
+        assertTrue(tl3.free());
+    }
+
+    private void assertLockAvailable(LockOwner owner, TargetLockWrapper tl) {
+        AtomicReference<Object[]> objArray = new AtomicReference<>();
+        await().atMost(300000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(() -> {
+            objArray.set(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+            return objArray.get() != null;
+        });
+        assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", tl}, objArray.get());
+    }
+
+    private void assertLockUnavailable(LockOwner owner, TargetLockWrapper tl) {
+        AtomicReference<Object[]> objArray = new AtomicReference<>();
+        await().atMost(300000, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS).until(() -> {
+            objArray.set(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+            return objArray.get() != null;
+        });
+        assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockUnavailable", tl}, objArray.get());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test cleanup of locks that have been abandoned.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void abandonedLocks() throws InterruptedException {
+        // choose adapters
+        Adapter keyAdapter = Adapter.adapters[3];
+        Adapter ownerAdapter = Adapter.adapters[4];
+
+        // generate compatible keys
+        String key = keyAdapter.findKey("abandonedLocks.key");
+        String ownerKey = ownerAdapter.findKey("abandonedLocks.owner");
+
+        // receiver of callback notifications
+        LockOwner owner = new LockOwner();
+
+        // first lock -- should succeed
+        TargetLockWrapper tl1 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        //assertLockAvailable(owner, tl1);
+        assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", tl1},
+                          owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+
+        // second lock -- should wait
+        final TargetLockWrapper tl2 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS)); // nothing immediately
+
+        // abandon first lock, and do a GC cycle -- tl2 should go active
+        tl1 = null;
+        System.gc();
+        //assertLockAvailable(owner, tl2);
+        assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", tl2},
+                          owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        assertTrue(tl2.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl2.getState());
+
+        // free tl2
+        assertTrue(tl2.free());
+        assertFalse(tl2.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.FREE, tl2.getState());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test locks within Drools sessions.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void locksWithinDrools() throws InterruptedException {
+        ensureControllersInitialized();
+
+        // choose adapters
+        Adapter keyAdapter = Adapter.adapters[3];
+        Adapter ownerAdapter = Adapter.adapters[4];
+
+        // generate compatible keys
+        final String key = keyAdapter.findKey("locksWithinDrools.key");
+        final String ownerKey = ownerAdapter.findKey("locksWithinDrools.owner");
+
+        // need a 'LockOwner' variant
+        final LockOwner owner = new LockOwner() {
+            /**
+             * {@inheritDoc}
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void lockAvailable(TargetLockWrapper lock) {
+                // insert notification in 'LinkedBlockingQueue'
+                add(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", lock, Thread.currentThread()});
+            }
+
+            /**
+             * {@inheritDoc}
+             */
+            @Override
+            public void lockUnavailable(TargetLockWrapper lock) {
+                // insert notification in 'LinkedBlockingQueue'
+                add(new Object[] {"lockUnavailable", lock, Thread.currentThread()});
+            }
+        };
+
+        // generate first lock outside of Drools
+        final TargetLockWrapper tl1 = ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+        Object[] response = owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        assertNotNull(response);
+        assertEquals(3, response.length);
+        assertEquals("lockAvailable", response[0]);
+        assertEquals(tl1, response[1]);
+
+        // now, generate one from within Drools
+        ownerAdapter.getKieSession().insert(new DroolsRunnable() {
+            @Override
+            public void run() {
+                // create lock, which should block
+                TargetLockWrapper tl2 =
+                    ownerAdapter.newTargetLock(key, ownerKey, owner);
+                owner.add(new Object[] {"tl2Data", tl2, Thread.currentThread()});
+            }
+        });
+
+        // fetch data from Drools thread
+        response = owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+        assertNotNull(response);
+        assertEquals(3, response.length);
+        assertEquals("tl2Data", response[0]);
+
+        TargetLockWrapper tl2 = null;
+        Thread droolsThread = null;
+
+        if (response[1] instanceof TargetLockWrapper) {
+            tl2 = (TargetLockWrapper) response[1];
+        }
+        if (response[2] instanceof Thread) {
+            droolsThread = (Thread) response[2];
+        }
+
+        assertNotNull(tl2);
+        assertNotNull(droolsThread);
+
+        // tl2 should still be waiting
+        assertNull(owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        assertFalse(tl2.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.WAITING, tl2.getState());
+
+        // free tl1
+        assertTrue(tl1.free());
+
+        // verify that 'tl2' is now available,
+        // and the call back ran in the Drools thread
+        assertArrayEquals(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", tl2, droolsThread},
+                          owner.poll(5, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
+        assertTrue(tl2.isActive());
+        assertEquals(TargetLockWrapper.State.ACTIVE, tl2.getState());
+
+        // free tl2
+        assertTrue(tl2.free());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test insertion of objects into Drools memory.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void insertDrools() throws InterruptedException {
+        Adapter adapter1 = Adapter.adapters[1];
+        final Adapter adapter2 = Adapter.adapters[2];
+
+        // check whether we can insert objects locally (adapter1 -> adapter1)
+        String key1 = adapter1.findKey("insertDrools1-");
+        adapter1.insertDrools(new KeywordWrapper(key1, "insertDroolsLocal", null));
+
+        await().atMost(Durations.TEN_SECONDS)
+            .with().pollInterval(Durations.ONE_SECOND)
+            .until(() -> adapter1.getKieSession() != null);
+
+        KieSession kieSession;
+        boolean found = false;
+        kieSession = adapter1.getKieSession();
+        for (Object obj : new ArrayList<Object>(kieSession.getObjects())) {
+            if (obj instanceof KeywordWrapper
+                    && "insertDroolsLocal".equals(((KeywordWrapper) obj).id)) {
+                found = true;
+                kieSession.delete(kieSession.getFactHandle(obj));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        assertTrue(found);
+
+        // check whether we can insert objects remotely (adapter1 -> adapter2)
+        String key2 = adapter2.findKey("insertDrools2-");
+        adapter1.insertDrools(new KeywordWrapper(key2, "insertDroolsRemote", null));
+
+        // it would be nice to test for this, rather than sleep
+        await().atMost(Durations.FIVE_SECONDS)
+            .with().pollInterval(Durations.ONE_HUNDRED_MILLISECONDS)
+            .until(() -> adapter2.getKieSession() != null);
+
+        found = false;
+        kieSession = adapter2.getKieSession();
+        for (Object obj : new ArrayList<Object>(kieSession.getObjects())) {
+            if (obj instanceof KeywordWrapper
+                    && "insertDroolsRemote".equals(((KeywordWrapper) obj).id)) {
+                found = true;
+                kieSession.delete(kieSession.getFactHandle(obj));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        assertTrue(found);
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class implements the 'LockCallback' interface, and
+     * makes callback responses available via a 'LinkedBlockingQueue'.
+     */
+    public static class LockOwner extends LinkedBlockingQueue<Object[]>
+        implements TargetLockWrapper.Owner, Serializable {
+        /**
+         * Constructor -- initialize the 'LinkedBlockingQueue'.
+         */
+        public LockOwner() {
+            super();
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockAvailable(TargetLockWrapper lock) {
+            // insert notification in 'LinkedBlockingQueue'
+            add(new Object[] {"lockAvailable", lock});
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * {@inheritDoc}
+         */
+        @Override
+        public void lockUnavailable(TargetLockWrapper lock) {
+            // insert notification in 'LinkedBlockingQueue'
+            add(new Object[] {"lockUnavailable", lock});
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* ============================================================ */
+
+    /**
+     * This class is used to insert objects in Drools memory to support
+     * testing.
+     */
+    public static class KeywordWrapper implements Serializable {
+        // this is the keyword, which determines the associated bucket,
+        // which then determines when this object is migrated
+        public String key;
+
+        // this is an identifier, which can be used to select objects
+        // on the receiving end
+        public String id;
+
+        // this is the object being wrapped
+        public Serializable obj;
+
+        /**
+         * Constructor -- initialize fields.
+         *
+         * @param key keyword, which determines the associated bucket
+         * @param id string identifier, used to match objects from the sending
+         *     to the receiving end
+         * @param obj the object being wrapped
+         */
+        public KeywordWrapper(String key, String id, Serializable obj) {
+            this.key = key;
+            this.id = id;
+            this.obj = obj;
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * This is used to extract objects on the receiving end. If the class
+         * matches, we get the expected object. If the class does not match,
+         * we get 'null', and the test should fail.
+         *
+         * @param clazz the expected class of the 'obj' field
+         * @return the object (if 'clazz' matches), 'null' if it does not
+         */
+        public <T> T getObject(Class<T> clazz) {
+            return clazz.isInstance(obj) ? clazz.cast(obj) : null;
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TestDroolsObject.java b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TestDroolsObject.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..43aa5de7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/java/org/onap/policy/drools/serverpooltest/TestDroolsObject.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import lombok.EqualsAndHashCode;
+import lombok.Getter;
+import lombok.Setter;
+import lombok.ToString;
+
+/**
+ * Instances of this class can be inserted into a Drools session, and used
+ * to test things like message routing and bucket migration.
+ */
+@Getter
+@Setter
+@ToString
+@EqualsAndHashCode
+public class TestDroolsObject implements Serializable {
+    // determines the bucket number
+    private String key;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - no key specified.
+     */
+    public TestDroolsObject() {
+        this.key = null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor - initialize the key.
+     *
+     * @param key key that is hashed to determine the bucket number
+     */
+    public TestDroolsObject(String key) {
+        this.key = key;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/TestController-controller.properties b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/TestController-controller.properties
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..89414b5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/TestController-controller.properties
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+controller.name=TestController
+
+persistence.type=auto
+
+rules.artifactId=drools-artifact1
+rules.groupId=org.onap.policy.drools-pdp
+rules.version=1.0.0
+
+ueb.source.topics=JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC
+ueb.source.topics.JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC.servers=127.0.63.250
+ueb.source.topics.JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC.events=org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TestDroolsObject
+ueb.source.topics.JUNIT-TEST-TOPIC.events.org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TestDroolsObject.filter=
+[?($.key =~ /.*/)]
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/pom.xml b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/pom.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e747e42b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/pom.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+  feature-server-pool
+  ================================================================================
+  Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+  ================================================================================
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+  ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+  -->
+
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
+  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+  <groupId>org.onap.policy.drools-pdp</groupId>
+  <artifactId>drools-artifact1</artifactId>
+  <version>1.0.0</version>
+  <description>supports Junit tests in feature-server-pool</description>
+
+</project>
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/META-INF/kmodule.xml b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/META-INF/kmodule.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1e447eb3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/META-INF/kmodule.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+  ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+  feature-server-pool
+  ================================================================================
+  Copyright (C) 2019 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+  ================================================================================
+  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+  limitations under the License.
+  ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+  -->
+<kmodule xmlns="http://jboss.org/kie/6.0.0/kmodule">
+    <kbase name="rules">
+        <ksession name="session1"/>
+    </kbase>
+</kmodule>
diff --git a/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/rules.drl b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/rules.drl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9591dee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/feature-server-pool/src/test/resources/drools-artifact-1.1/src/main/resources/rules.drl
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * ============LICENSE_START=======================================================
+ * feature-server-pool
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 AT&T Intellectual Property. All rights reserved.
+ * ================================================================================
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ * ============LICENSE_END=========================================================
+ */
+package org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.test;
+
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpool.AdapterImpl;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.Adapter;
+import org.onap.policy.drools.serverpooltest.TestDroolsObject;
+
+rule "Initialization"
+    when
+    then
+    {
+      System.out.println("Initialization rule running");
+    }
+end
+
+rule "Receive 'TestDroolsObject'"
+    when
+        $object : TestDroolsObject()
+    then
+    {
+      Adapter adapter = AdapterImpl.getAdapter();
+      String key = $object.getKey();
+      System.out.println(adapter.toString()
+                         + ": Received TestDroolsObject - key=" + key);
+      adapter.notificationQueue().add(key);
+      if (!key.contains("SAVE"))
+        {
+          // 'SAVE' keyword identifies messages that shouldn't be retracted
+          retract($object);
+        }
+    }
+end
+