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authorramkri123 <ramkri123@gmail.com>2018-02-27 14:52:49 -0800
committerramkri123 <ramkri123@gmail.com>2018-02-27 15:15:21 -0800
commitaa358e298d345da0582ad1ea3b496bb44650a4f1 (patch)
tree3d4bf5484b53f9379ddf1b85f4d56565cbe2794a /examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case
parentf2541009309551548ed3567adbdc8f2e5b78d185 (diff)
Minizinc Placement Model Ex. for vDNS+vFW use case
Issue-ID: OPTFRA-153 Change-Id: I228e638e4c5bfb2cabd970c571077f3ebaf01ece Signed-off-by: ramkri123 <ramkri123@gmail.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case')
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn62
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold.dzn62
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/normal-silver-less-pref.dzn57
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement-minizinc.ipynb466
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement.mzn89
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver-high-edge-load.dzn62
-rwxr-xr-xexamples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver.dzn62
7 files changed, 860 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f1f67e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };
+% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };
+% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};
+
+N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2
+N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;
+N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;
+N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;
+N_VMS = 3;
+C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
+CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;
+PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+
+cust_type = GOLD;
+N_VNFS = 1;
+
+w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];
+w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05];
+
+capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1
+ | 1, 0, 0, 1
+ | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];
+
+cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9
+ | 0.1, 0.5
+ | 0.6, 0.8 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200
+ | 1200, 2400
+ | 2400, 4800 |];
+
+c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000
+ | 2000, 4000
+ | 4000, 8000 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120
+ | 120, 240
+ | 240, 480 |];
+
+cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200
+ | 200, 400
+ | 400, 800 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+vm_reqs = [| 1, 4
+ | 2, 8
+ | 4, 16 |];
+
+%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];
+
+vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014
+ | 0.0035, 0.007
+ | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold.dzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold.dzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..451e795
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/gold.dzn
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };
+% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };
+% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};
+
+N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2
+N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;
+N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;
+N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;
+N_VMS = 3;
+C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
+CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;
+PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+
+cust_type = GOLD;
+N_VNFS = 1;
+
+w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];
+w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05];
+
+capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1
+ | 1, 0, 1, 1
+ | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];
+
+cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9
+ | 0.1, 0.5
+ | 0.6, 0.8 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200
+ | 1200, 2400
+ | 2400, 4800 |];
+
+c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000
+ | 2000, 4000
+ | 4000, 8000 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120
+ | 120, 240
+ | 240, 480 |];
+
+cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200
+ | 200, 400
+ | 400, 800 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+vm_reqs = [| 1, 4
+ | 2, 8
+ | 4, 16 |];
+
+%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];
+
+vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014
+ | 0.0035, 0.007
+ | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/normal-silver-less-pref.dzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/normal-silver-less-pref.dzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1184ece
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/normal-silver-less-pref.dzn
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2
+N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;
+N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;
+N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;
+N_VMS = 3;
+C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
+CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;
+PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+
+cust_type = SILVER;
+
+w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];
+w_attributes = [0, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05];
+
+%{ CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1
+ | 1, 0, 1, 1
+ | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];
+
+cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9
+ | 0.5, 0.94
+ | 0.5, 0.94 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200
+ | 1200, 2400
+ | 2400, 4800 |];
+
+c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000
+ | 2000, 4000
+ | 4000, 8000 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120
+ | 120, 240
+ | 240, 480 |];
+
+cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200
+ | 200, 400
+ | 400, 800 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+vm_reqs = [| 2, 8
+ | 4, 16
+ | 8, 32 |];
+
+%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];
+
+vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.014, 0.028
+ | 0.007, 0.014
+ | 0.0035, 0.007 |];
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement-minizinc.ipynb b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement-minizinc.ipynb
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..68ab73b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement-minizinc.ipynb
@@ -0,0 +1,466 @@
+{
+ "cells": [
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 1,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "int: N_CLOUD_REGIONS; % number of cloud regions\n",
+ "% set of 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS: C_REGIONS;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "int: N_ATTRIBUTES; % number of capability related attributes\n",
+ "% set of 1..N_ATTRIBUTES: ATTRIBS;\n",
+ "array[1..N_ATTRIBUTES] of float: w_attributes; % weights of each attribute\n",
+ "\n",
+ "int: N_UTILIZATION_METRICS; % number of dynamic capacity metrics of interest\n",
+ "% set of 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS: U_METRICS;\n",
+ "array[1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS] of float: w_metrics; % weights of each capacity metric\n",
+ "\n",
+ "int: cust_type; % customer type, 0 = regular, 1 = silver, 2 = gold\n",
+ "int: N_VMS; % number of VMs in VNF\n",
+ "int: N_CAPACITY_METRICS; % number of metrics for cloud region capacity check\n",
+ "\n",
+ "float: C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD; % allocation threshold for cloud\n",
+ "float: CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD; % allocation threshold for customer in cloud\n",
+ "float: AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD;\n",
+ "float: PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };\n",
+ "enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };\n",
+ "enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };\n",
+ "enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};\n",
+ "enum VNFS_TYPES = { VDNS, VFW };\n",
+ "int: N_VNFS;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% set of 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS: CAP_METRICS;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% whether a cloud region has the corresponding capability -- data will be customer specific\n",
+ "% array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS] of float: c_dist;\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_ATTRIBUTES] of int: capabilities;\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS] of float: cpu_utilization; % how much capacity is already dynamically utilized (fraction)\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: c_alloc_capacity; % how much percent is already allocated in the cloud\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: c_total_capacity; % total cloud capacity\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: c_alloc_capacity_norm;\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: cust_alloc_capacity; % how much percent is already allocated in the cloud for the customer\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: cust_total_capacity; % total cloud capacity for customer\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: cust_alloc_capacity_norm;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% VM requirements for each type of capacity (vm cpu, memory, etc.)\n",
+ "% TODO: establish a standard for units (MB RAM, GB disk, N virtual cores, etc.)\n",
+ "array[1..N_VMS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: vm_reqs;\n",
+ "array[1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: vm_reqs_sums = [ sum(k in 1..N_VMS) (vm_reqs[k,j]) | j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS ];\n",
+ "array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: vm_reqs_sums_norm;\n",
+ "%forall(i in 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS) (\n",
+ "% vm_reqs_sums_norm[i, j] = vm_reqs_sums[j]/c_total_capacity[i, j]\n",
+ "%)\n",
+ "%array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: vm_reqs_sums_norm = [ ((vm_reqs_sums[j]/c_total_capacity[i,j]) | j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS) | i in 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS ];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "array[1..N_VNFS] of var int: s_regions; % target cloud regions (solution to the problem)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% custom constraints\n",
+ "constraint forall (s in s_regions) (\n",
+ " cpu_utilization[s, AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION] <= AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD /\\ % hard constraint: need some capacity available\n",
+ " cpu_utilization[s, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION] <= PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD /\\ % hard constraint: need some capacity available\n",
+ " cust_alloc_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD] <= (CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(cust_total_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[CPU_CLOUD]) /\\\n",
+ " cust_alloc_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD] <= (CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(cust_total_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[MEMORY_CLOUD]) /\\\n",
+ " c_alloc_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD] <= (C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(c_total_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[CPU_CLOUD]) /\\\n",
+ " c_alloc_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD] <= (C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(c_total_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[MEMORY_CLOUD])\n",
+ ");\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% specific constraints based on the VNF\n",
+ "constraint capabilities[s_regions[VDNS], CORE_DC] = 1; % hard constraint for vDNS: has to be placed in CORE DC\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% custom soft constraint for gold customers -- give a large weight to direct connection\n",
+ "var float: additional_obj = sum(s in s_regions) (bool2int(cust_type = GOLD) * capabilities[s, MIN_GUARANTEE] * 1000);\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% TODO: global constraints (such as data validation)\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% Objective for utilization\n",
+ "var float: obj_c_capacity = sum(k in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS, s in s_regions) (\n",
+ "\t\t (1 - c_alloc_capacity_norm[s, k] - vm_reqs_sums_norm[s, k]) +\n",
+ " (1 - cust_alloc_capacity_norm[s, k] - vm_reqs_sums_norm[s, k]));\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% Objective for utilization\n",
+ "var float: obj_utilization = sum(k in 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS, s in s_regions) ( w_metrics[k] * (1 - cpu_utilization[s, k]) );\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% Objective for capabilities\n",
+ "var float: obj_capabilities = sum(k in 1..N_ATTRIBUTES, s in s_regions) ( w_attributes[k] * capabilities[s, k] );\n",
+ "\n",
+ "% Overall objective function\n",
+ "var float: obj = obj_c_capacity + obj_utilization + obj_capabilities + additional_obj;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "solve maximize obj;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "output [ \"Solution: \\nCloud Region for vDNS = \", show(s_regions[VDNS]) ] \n",
+ "++ [ if N_VNFS = 2 then \"\\nCloud Region for vFW = \" ++ show(s_regions[VFW]) ++ \"\\n\" else \"\\n\" endif ]\n",
+ "++ [ \"Objective function value: \", show(obj), \"\\n\", \"Customer type: \", show(cust_type), \"\\n\"];\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!cat placement.mzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 2,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };\n",
+ "% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };\n",
+ "% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };\n",
+ "% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};\n",
+ "\n",
+ "N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2\n",
+ "N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;\n",
+ "N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;\n",
+ "N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;\n",
+ "N_VMS = 3;\n",
+ "C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;\n",
+ "CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;\n",
+ "AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;\n",
+ "PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_type = GOLD;\n",
+ "N_VNFS = 1;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];\n",
+ "w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05]; \n",
+ "\n",
+ "capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1\n",
+ " | 1, 0, 1, 1\n",
+ " | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9\n",
+ " | 0.1, 0.5\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.8 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200\n",
+ " | 1200, 2400\n",
+ " | 2400, 4800 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000\n",
+ " | 2000, 4000\n",
+ " | 4000, 8000 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120\n",
+ " | 120, 240\n",
+ " | 240, 480 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200\n",
+ " | 200, 400\n",
+ " | 400, 800 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "vm_reqs = [| 1, 4\n",
+ " | 2, 8\n",
+ " | 4, 16 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014\n",
+ " | 0.0035, 0.007\n",
+ " | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!cat gold.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 3,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "23c23\n",
+ "< | 1, 0, 1, 1\n",
+ "---\n",
+ "> | 1, 0, 0, 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!diff gold.dzn gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 4,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "23c23\n",
+ "< | 1, 0, 1, 1\n",
+ "---\n",
+ "> | 1, 0, 0, 1\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!diff gold.dzn gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 5,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };\n",
+ "% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };\n",
+ "% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };\n",
+ "% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};\n",
+ "\n",
+ "N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2\n",
+ "N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;\n",
+ "N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;\n",
+ "N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;\n",
+ "N_VMS = 3;\n",
+ "C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;\n",
+ "CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;\n",
+ "AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;\n",
+ "PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_type = SILVER;\n",
+ "N_VNFS = 2;\n",
+ "\n",
+ "w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];\n",
+ "w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05]; \n",
+ "\n",
+ "capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1\n",
+ " | 1, 0, 1, 1\n",
+ " | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9\n",
+ " | 0.1, 0.5\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.8 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200\n",
+ " | 1200, 2400\n",
+ " | 2400, 4800 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000\n",
+ " | 2000, 4000\n",
+ " | 4000, 8000 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120\n",
+ " | 120, 240\n",
+ " | 240, 480 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200\n",
+ " | 200, 400\n",
+ " | 400, 800 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6\n",
+ " | 0.6, 0.6 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "vm_reqs = [| 1, 4\n",
+ " | 2, 8\n",
+ " | 4, 16 |];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];\n",
+ "\n",
+ "vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014\n",
+ " | 0.0035, 0.007\n",
+ " | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!cat silver.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 6,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "26c26\n",
+ "< cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9\n",
+ "---\n",
+ "> cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.96\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!diff silver.dzn silver-high-edge-load.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 7,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 2\n",
+ "Objective function value: 1002.639\n",
+ "Customer type: 3\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "==========\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!mzn-gecode -a placement.mzn gold.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 8,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 2\n",
+ "Objective function value: 2.589\n",
+ "Customer type: 3\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 3\n",
+ "Objective function value: 3.0195\n",
+ "Customer type: 3\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "==========\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!mzn-gecode -a placement.mzn gold-no-min-guarantee.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 9,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 2\n",
+ "Cloud Region for vFW = 1\n",
+ "Objective function value: 6.062\n",
+ "Customer type: 2\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 3\n",
+ "Cloud Region for vFW = 1\n",
+ "Objective function value: 6.4425\n",
+ "Customer type: 2\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "==========\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!mzn-gecode -a placement.mzn silver.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": 10,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [
+ {
+ "name": "stdout",
+ "output_type": "stream",
+ "text": [
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 2\n",
+ "Cloud Region for vFW = 2\n",
+ "Objective function value: 5.278\n",
+ "Customer type: 2\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 3\n",
+ "Cloud Region for vFW = 2\n",
+ "Objective function value: 5.6585\n",
+ "Customer type: 2\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "Solution: \n",
+ "Cloud Region for vDNS = 3\n",
+ "Cloud Region for vFW = 3\n",
+ "Objective function value: 6.039\n",
+ "Customer type: 2\n",
+ "----------\n",
+ "==========\n"
+ ]
+ }
+ ],
+ "source": [
+ "!mzn-gecode -a placement.mzn silver-high-edge-load.dzn"
+ ]
+ },
+ {
+ "cell_type": "code",
+ "execution_count": null,
+ "metadata": {},
+ "outputs": [],
+ "source": []
+ }
+ ],
+ "metadata": {
+ "kernelspec": {
+ "display_name": "Python 3",
+ "language": "python",
+ "name": "python3"
+ },
+ "language_info": {
+ "codemirror_mode": {
+ "name": "ipython",
+ "version": 3
+ },
+ "file_extension": ".py",
+ "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+ "name": "python",
+ "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+ "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
+ "version": "3.6.4"
+ }
+ },
+ "nbformat": 4,
+ "nbformat_minor": 2
+}
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement.mzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement.mzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ba66a4e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/placement.mzn
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+int: N_CLOUD_REGIONS; % number of cloud regions
+% set of 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS: C_REGIONS;
+
+int: N_ATTRIBUTES; % number of capability related attributes
+% set of 1..N_ATTRIBUTES: ATTRIBS;
+array[1..N_ATTRIBUTES] of float: w_attributes; % weights of each attribute
+
+int: N_UTILIZATION_METRICS; % number of dynamic capacity metrics of interest
+% set of 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS: U_METRICS;
+array[1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS] of float: w_metrics; % weights of each capacity metric
+
+int: cust_type; % customer type, 0 = regular, 1 = silver, 2 = gold
+int: N_VMS; % number of VMs in VNF
+int: N_CAPACITY_METRICS; % number of metrics for cloud region capacity check
+
+float: C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD; % allocation threshold for cloud
+float: CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD; % allocation threshold for customer in cloud
+float: AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD;
+float: PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD;
+
+enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };
+enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };
+enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};
+enum VNFS_TYPES = { VDNS, VFW };
+int: N_VNFS;
+
+% set of 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS: CAP_METRICS;
+
+% whether a cloud region has the corresponding capability -- data will be customer specific
+% array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS] of float: c_dist;
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_ATTRIBUTES] of int: capabilities;
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS] of float: cpu_utilization; % how much capacity is already dynamically utilized (fraction)
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: c_alloc_capacity; % how much percent is already allocated in the cloud
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: c_total_capacity; % total cloud capacity
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: c_alloc_capacity_norm;
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: cust_alloc_capacity; % how much percent is already allocated in the cloud for the customer
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: cust_total_capacity; % total cloud capacity for customer
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: cust_alloc_capacity_norm;
+
+% VM requirements for each type of capacity (vm cpu, memory, etc.)
+% TODO: establish a standard for units (MB RAM, GB disk, N virtual cores, etc.)
+array[1..N_VMS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: vm_reqs;
+array[1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of int: vm_reqs_sums = [ sum(k in 1..N_VMS) (vm_reqs[k,j]) | j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS ];
+array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: vm_reqs_sums_norm;
+%forall(i in 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS) (
+% vm_reqs_sums_norm[i, j] = vm_reqs_sums[j]/c_total_capacity[i, j]
+%)
+%array[1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS, 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS] of float: vm_reqs_sums_norm = [ ((vm_reqs_sums[j]/c_total_capacity[i,j]) | j in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS) | i in 1..N_CLOUD_REGIONS ];
+
+array[1..N_VNFS] of var int: s_regions; % target cloud regions (solution to the problem)
+
+% custom constraints
+constraint forall (s in s_regions) (
+ cpu_utilization[s, AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION] <= AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD /\ % hard constraint: need some capacity available
+ cpu_utilization[s, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION] <= PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD /\ % hard constraint: need some capacity available
+ cust_alloc_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD] <= (CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(cust_total_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[CPU_CLOUD]) /\
+ cust_alloc_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD] <= (CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(cust_total_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[MEMORY_CLOUD]) /\
+ c_alloc_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD] <= (C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(c_total_capacity[s, CPU_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[CPU_CLOUD]) /\
+ c_alloc_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD] <= (C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD*(c_total_capacity[s, MEMORY_CLOUD])) - (vm_reqs_sums[MEMORY_CLOUD])
+);
+
+% specific constraints based on the VNF
+constraint capabilities[s_regions[VDNS], CORE_DC] = 1; % hard constraint for vDNS: has to be placed in CORE DC
+
+% custom soft constraint for gold customers -- give a large weight to direct connection
+var float: additional_obj = sum(s in s_regions) (bool2int(cust_type = GOLD) * capabilities[s, MIN_GUARANTEE] * 1000);
+
+% TODO: global constraints (such as data validation)
+
+% Objective for utilization
+var float: obj_c_capacity = sum(k in 1..N_CAPACITY_METRICS, s in s_regions) (
+ (1 - c_alloc_capacity_norm[s, k] - vm_reqs_sums_norm[s, k]) +
+ (1 - cust_alloc_capacity_norm[s, k] - vm_reqs_sums_norm[s, k]));
+
+% Objective for utilization
+var float: obj_utilization = sum(k in 1..N_UTILIZATION_METRICS, s in s_regions) ( w_metrics[k] * (1 - cpu_utilization[s, k]) );
+
+% Objective for capabilities
+var float: obj_capabilities = sum(k in 1..N_ATTRIBUTES, s in s_regions) ( w_attributes[k] * capabilities[s, k] );
+
+% Overall objective function
+var float: obj = obj_c_capacity + obj_utilization + obj_capabilities + additional_obj;
+
+solve maximize obj;
+
+output [ "Solution: \nCloud Region for vDNS = ", show(s_regions[VDNS]) ]
+++ [ if N_VNFS = 2 then "\nCloud Region for vFW = " ++ show(s_regions[VFW]) ++ "\n" else "\n" endif ]
+++ [ "Objective function value: ", show(obj), "\n", "Customer type: ", show(cust_type), "\n"];
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver-high-edge-load.dzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver-high-edge-load.dzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6323782
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver-high-edge-load.dzn
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };
+% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };
+% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};
+
+N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2
+N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;
+N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;
+N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;
+N_VMS = 3;
+C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
+CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;
+PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+
+cust_type = SILVER;
+N_VNFS = 2;
+
+w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];
+w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05];
+
+capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1
+ | 1, 0, 1, 1
+ | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];
+
+cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.96
+ | 0.1, 0.5
+ | 0.6, 0.8 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200
+ | 1200, 2400
+ | 2400, 4800 |];
+
+c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000
+ | 2000, 4000
+ | 4000, 8000 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120
+ | 120, 240
+ | 240, 480 |];
+
+cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200
+ | 200, 400
+ | 400, 800 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+vm_reqs = [| 1, 4
+ | 2, 8
+ | 4, 16 |];
+
+%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];
+
+vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014
+ | 0.0035, 0.007
+ | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];
diff --git a/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver.dzn b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver.dzn
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4779a41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/placement-models-minizinc/vdns-plus-vfw-use-case/silver.dzn
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+% enum CUST_TYPES = { STANDARD, SILVER, GOLD };
+% enum ATTRIBUTES = { CORE_DC, DIRECT_CONN, MIN_GUARANTEE, SRIOV };
+% enum METRICS = { AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION, PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION };
+% enum CLOUD_REGION_CAPACITY = {CPU_CLOUD, MEMORY_CLOUD};
+
+N_CLOUD_REGIONS = 3; % e-dc-1, core-dc-1, core-dc-2
+N_ATTRIBUTES = 4;
+N_UTILIZATION_METRICS = 2;
+N_CAPACITY_METRICS = 2;
+N_VMS = 3;
+C_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.65;
+CUST_ALLOC_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+AVG_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.7;
+PEAK_CPU_UTILIZATION_THRESHOLD = 0.95;
+
+cust_type = SILVER;
+N_VNFS = 2;
+
+w_metrics = [0.9, 0.1];
+w_attributes = [0.1, 0.9, 0.05, 0.05];
+
+capabilities = [| 0, 1, 1, 1
+ | 1, 0, 1, 1
+ | 1, 1, 0, 1 |];
+
+cpu_utilization = [| 0.05, 0.9
+ | 0.1, 0.5
+ | 0.6, 0.8 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity = [| 600, 1200
+ | 1200, 2400
+ | 2400, 4800 |];
+
+c_total_capacity = [| 1000, 2000
+ | 2000, 4000
+ | 4000, 8000 |];
+
+c_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity = [| 60, 120
+ | 120, 240
+ | 240, 480 |];
+
+cust_total_capacity = [| 100, 200
+ | 200, 400
+ | 400, 800 |];
+
+cust_alloc_capacity_norm = [| 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6
+ | 0.6, 0.6 |];
+
+vm_reqs = [| 1, 4
+ | 2, 8
+ | 4, 16 |];
+
+%vm_reqs_sums = [ 14, 56 ];
+
+vm_reqs_sums_norm = [| 0.007, 0.014
+ | 0.0035, 0.007
+ | 0.00175, 0.0035 |];